Clean Cities Communicator (Vol. 1, No. 2)
5/1/1996
This issue highlights the different ways that alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) will be showcased during the summer Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia as well as other events around the country.
Clean Cities Drive - Spring 1996 (Vol. 3, No. 2)
4/1/1996
This issue includes articles on: 1) technical and training centers for skilled mechanics; 2) new training standards; 3) the promotion of AFVs by stakeholders; 4) Ford's first light-duty propane vehicle; 5) Clean Cities updates; and 6) a calendar of events.
Clean Cities Drive - Post Conference Issue ( Vol. 3, No. 1)
1/1/1996
This issue includes articles on the following: Clean Cities Stakeholders First Annual Conference, GRI Announces Grants for Clean Cities, Antelope Valley Schools use Creative Funding To Keep Smog in Check, New Clean Cities Designations,
CleanFleet Final Report Vehicle Emissions, Vol. 7
12/1/1995
Measurements of exhaust and evaporative emissions from CleanFleet vans running on M-85, compressed natural gas (CNG), California Phase 2 reformulated gasoline (RFG), propane gas, and a control gasoline (RF-A) are presented. Three vans from each combination of vehicle manufacturer and fuel were tested at the California Air Resources Board (ARB) as they accumulated mileage in the demonstration. Data are presented on regulated emissions, ozone precursors, air toxics, and greenouse gases. The emissions tests provide information on in-use emissions. That is, the vans were taken directly from daily commercial service and tested at the ARB. The differences in vehicle technology among the three vehicle manufacturers (Ford, Dodge, Chevrolet) and differences in alternative fuel technology provide the basis for a range of technology options. The emissions data reflect these differences, with classes of vehicles/fuels producing either more or less emissions for various compounds relative to the control gasoline.
Clean Cities Drive - Special Conference Issue ( Vol. 2, No. 2)
9/1/1995
This issue includes articles on the following: clean cities building active alternative fuels markets; the 1995 national clean cities stakeholders meeting and conference; stakeholders benefitting from clean cities; clean cities keeping the focus on alternative fuels; state CMAQ funds assisting alternative fuel programs; trouble-shooting in your clean cities coalition; and clean cities goes international.
Alternative Fuels in Trucking, Vol. 3, No. 3
7/1/1995
This issue includes articles on: 1) natural gas as a transportation fuel; 2) alternative fuels as an essential resource; 3) DOE's Clean Cities program; and 4) the Alternative Fuels Task Force.
Clean Cities Drive (Vol. 2, No. 1)
1/1/1995
This issue includes articles on: 1) the number of cities participating in the Clean Cities program has exceeded expectations; 2) DOE grants for the Clean Cities efforts; 3) Clean Cities that are finding creative solutions to funding challenges; 4) clean corridors that connect clean cities; 5) new cities that have joined the program; 6) reasons to join the Clean Cities program; 7) the Clean Cities offer of prime AFV markets to auto companies; 8) marketing opportunities for stakeholders; 9) documents available through the Clean Cities Hotline; and 10) a calendar of events.
Clean Cities Drive (Vol. 1, No. 1)
7/1/1994
This issue includes articles on: 1) the first months of the Clean Cities program; 2) Atlanta's designation as the first Clean City; 3) the support of fuel suppliers; 4) new cities joining the Clean Cities program; 5) the stakeholders search for funding; 6) the Clean Cities Hotline; and 7) a calendar of events.
Magnitude and Value of Electric Vehicle Emissions Reductions for Six Driving Cycles in Four U.S. Cities with Varying Air Quality Problems
10/1/1993
The emissions of logically competing mid-1990 gasoline vehicles (GVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) are estimated as if the vehicles were driven in the same pattern (driving cycle). Six different driving cycles are evaluated, ranging in speed from 7 to 49 miles per hour (mph). These cycles are repeated using specific fuel composition, electric power mix, and environmental conditions applicable to Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, and New York. The year 2000 emissions differences are estimated for each of five pollutants: HC, CO, NOx, SOx, and CO2. With use of EVs, HC and CO emissions are consistently lowered by 98% or more. Across metropolitan areas, CO2 emissions reductions are uniformly large at low speed, but variable at high speed. It is found that initially-introduced EVs could achieve 100% emission reductions in Chicago by using off-peak power from nuclear power plants for recharging EVs. Emissions reductions occur for all combinations in Los Angeles and for most combinations in New York, except for SOx. NOx emissions are reduced in all four cities. An "avoided cost" value in dollars per ton of emissions reductions for each of the five pollutants is estimated in each of the four cities. The values for each city depend on severity of air quality standard violations. Dollar value of EV emissions reductions is calculated with dollars per ton of emissions reductions and estimated emissions reductions by EVs over the vehicle lifetime. The emissions reduction value is estimated as if a mid-1990s EV is substituted for a GV for each driving cycle in each city. Depending on driving conditions assumed, the emissions reduction value for EVs driven an average of 1.6 hours per day (h/d) ranges from $12,600 to $19,200 in Los Angeles; $8,500 to $12,200 in New York; $3,200 to $9,400 in Chicago; and $6,000 to $9,000 in Denver (1989$).
Authors: Wang, Q.;Santini, D. L.