Recent State Updates

The El Dorado County Air Quality Management District (EDC AQMD) offers rebates of up to $300 to residents for the purchase of a Level 2 EV charger. For more information, including eligibility requirements, see the EDC AQMD Grants and Incentives website. 

The California Pollution Control Financing Authority (CPCFA) offers three pilot loan programs to fleets looking to purchase new or pre-owned MHD ZEVs and associated fueling infrastructure. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the CPCFA Zero-Emission Heavy-Duty Programs website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44272)

Electric utilities must ensure that all new EV chargers installed in their service territory are able to be used without delays due utility service failure.

(Reference California Public Utilities Code 933 and Senate Bill 410, 2023 )

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) Advanced Technology Demonstration and Pilot Projects Program offers funding for pre-commercial demonstrations and large-scale pilots of on- and off-road ZEVs and zero emission equipment that help California meet its goals to reduce criteria pollutants, greenhouse gas emissions, and petroleum use. Eligible applicants include local air districts, California public entities, and nonprofits which must partner with private sector parties. Priority is given to projects located in or serving priority populations. For more information, see the CARB Advanced Technology Demonstration and Pilot Projects website.

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) Clean Mobility in Schools Project (CMIS) offers funding for zero emission shuttles, transit buses, school buses, and infrastructure to public schools, local governments, community-based organizations, or tribal governments. All projects must be located in or serve priority populations. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the CARB CMIS website.

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) Sustainable Transportation Equity Project (STEP) offers funding for zero emission buses and infrastructure. Eligible applicants include community-based organizations, local governments, and tribal governments that serve priority populations throughout California. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the CARB STEP website.

The California Energy Commission (CEC) provides funding of up to $10 million for projects that provide publicly-accessible hydrogen fueling stations. Projects must have four or more hydrogen refueling stations that primarily serve light-duty fuel cell electric vehicles. Applicants may only receive one grant award. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the CEC LDV and Multi-Use Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 43018.9 and Executive Order B-48-18)

County sealers may inspect the functionality of EV chargers operated by public agencies within their jurisdiction. If an EV charger is inoperable, the sealer must mark the EV charger with a tag that says “out of order”. EV chargers must be repaired or corrected within 30 days and are subject to retesting and verification by the county sealer. EV chargers owned by electric utilities are also subject to inspection.

A county board of supervisors may charge an annual registration fee for the cost of inspecting and testing an EV charger. Additional requirements and exceptions may apply.

(Reference Assembly Bill 2037, 2024)

Local agencies must develop a checklist for completing a permit application to install an EV charger in the public right-of-way. Cities with a population of 250,000 or more residents must develop a checklist by January 1, 2027, and cities with a population of fewer than 250,000 residents must develop a checklist by January 1, 2029. Additional requirements apply.

(Reference Assembly Bill 2427, 2024)

The State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission may require any EV to have bidirectional charging capabilities if there is a sufficiently compelling beneficial use case to the EV operator and electrical grid.

(Reference Senate Bill 59, 2024 )

Cities and counties may establish a capital investment incentive program for qualified manufacturing facilities that manufacture fuels or components used in AFVs and related infrastructure. Each county or city that elects to establish a capital investment incentive program must notify the Governor’s Office of Business and Economic Development. Additional requirements apply.

(Reference Assembly Bill 2922, 2024)

The California Energy Commission offers grants to projects that address VGI knowledge gaps; high costs of vehicle to everything or bidirectional charging equipment, as compared to unidirectional charging; and the lack of access to cost-effective, accurate, and flexible submetering solutions. The maximum grant allowed per project is $3,000,000. Eligible applicants include all public and private entities excluding local publicly owned electric utilities. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the CEC Enabling Electric Vehicles as Distributed Energy Resources page.

The California Energy Commission (CEC) offers grants through the Clean Transportation Program for the installation of Level 2 EV chargers at MFH units. Eligible applicants include all public and private entities excluding investor-owned utilities. Projects must install a minimum of 120 charging ports. A minimum of 50% of a project’s EV charging ports must be installed within disadvantaged communities or low-income communities. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the CEC Reliable, Equitable, and Accessible Charging for Multi-family Housing 3.0 page.

Delaware Sustainable Energy Utility is required to administer a program that provides financial assistance to Delaware residents for the purchase and installation of residential EV chargers. The program must offer increased rebate amounts for low-income applicants. Additional requirements apply.

(Reference House Bill 13, 2024)

All light-duty and passenger state fleet vehicles must be ZEVs by 2040. To support the state fleet transition to ZEVs, state agencies are required to own and operate increasing volumes of ZEVs every few years, according to the following schedule:

For the purpose of this requirement, ZEVs include electric vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Exemptions apply.

(Reference House Bill 9, 2024)

A permit is required to test driverless AVs on roadways in the District of Columbia. Anyone testing driverless AVs with a testing permit is required to provide notice to the District Department of Transportation.

(Reference District of Columbia Code 25-420)

Through December 31, 2028, a sales and use tax of 6.25% applies to 90% of the proceeds from the sale of fuel blends containing 15% ethanol (E15) and to 80% of the proceeds from the sale of fuel blends containing between 20% and 50% ethanol. This tax does not apply to the proceeds from the sale of fuel blends containing between 51% and 83% ethanol (E85). If at any time the sales and use tax is 1.25%, the tax on ethanol fuel blends below 51% ethanol will apply to 100% of the proceeds of sales made after December 31, 2028. Taxes will apply to 100% of the proceeds from the sale of all ethanol fuel blends made after December 31, 2028.

Through November 30, 2030, sales and use taxes do not apply to diesel fuel blends containing at least 10% biodiesel (B10) or 10% renewable diesel from December 1 of each calendar year through March 31 of the following calendar year. From April 1, 2024, through November 30, 2030, diesel fuel blends are not subject to sales and use taxes if they adhere to the following blend amounts:

(Reference 35 Illinois Compiled Statues 120/2-10, 105/3-5.1, 105/3-10, and 105/3-44)

Government agencies may own, construct, improve, and operate new or existing clean energy infrastructure projects, may purchase real estate or property rights to be used for clean energy infrastructure projects, and may charge for the public use of clean energy infrastructure. Eligible projects include, but are not limited to, electric vehicle (EV) chargers, EV repairs, and battery storage. The Illinois Finance Authority (IFA) may offer loans to these agencies to finance the eligible projects. To Additional requirements may apply. For more information, see the IFA Climate Bank Website.

(Reference Senate Bill 3597, 2024)

The Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) may install at least one EV charger at State Parks and other property owned by IDNR where adequate electrical service reasonably permits. IDNR may charge user fees for EV charging at these locations. IDNR may also adopt and publish specifications for EV charger infrastructure and fee collection at State Parks and other property owned by the Department.

(Reference 20 Illinois Compiled Statutes 805/805-580 and House Bill 5511, 2024)

Electric, natural gas, propane, and other energy source providers are exempt from state sales tax. Additional requirements apply.

(Reference Missouri Revised Statutes 144.010 and 144.058)

No local government office or agency may adopt any ordinance, resolution, regulation, code, or policy that requires the installation of EV chargers or infrastructure in parking lots owned or leased by churches or nonprofit organizations. Business and property owners may still voluntarily install EV charging infrastructure.

(Reference Missouri House Bill 2062, 2024)

The Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (Ohio EPA) provides Diesel Emissions Reduction Grants (DERG) for projects that reduce emissions by retiring and replacing diesel public transit buses. Eligible projects must achieve a minimum funding match of 20% from non-state and non-federal sources. Funding for this program is provided by the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration’s Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement (CMAQ) Program. For more information, including application periods, see the Ohio EPA DERG website.

(Reference Ohio Revised Code 122.861)

NGVs and EVs may exceed the gross vehicle weight restrictions by 2,000 pounds, except on the interstate system or a highway, road, or bridge that is subject to maximum weight restrictions.

(Reference Ohio Revised Code 5577.044)

The Ohio Office of the Governor established DriveOhio to test AVs on state highways and other public roads. The purpose of the program is to connect municipalities with industry, education, and community partners to advance smart mobility solutions. The Ohio Department of Transportation will appoint an executive director of DriveOhio to oversee activities and administration. The executive director may establish a DriveOhio Advisory Board to receive advice and recommendations. The executive director must submit an annual report to the governor.

All AVs tested in Ohio must have a designated operator responsible for the safe operation of the vehicle while in use and compliance with all traffic laws and regulations, among other requirements. The governor may pause the testing of AVs in Ohio if there is evidence that the technology is not safe.

An AV is defined as a vehicle equipped with technology that is capable of performing all of the real-time operational and tactical functions required to operate a vehicle. To test AVs, each company must register with DriveOhio and provide required information, including a summary report outlining its approach for the safe testing of its autonomous system.

(Reference Executive Order 2019-26D, 2019, and 2018-04K, 2018)

EV owners must pay an annual fee in addition to other registration fees. The fee is $200 for EVs, $150 for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and $100 for hybrid electric vehicles.

(Reference Ohio Revised Code 4501.01 and 4503.10)

Ethanol fuel retailers must clearly label motor fuel pumps dispensing 15% ethanol (E15) fuel blends. The labeling must follow established, federal labeling specifications for E15, including prominent display of fuel type, blend, and vehicle applicability. All motor fuel pumps dispensing ethanol or methanol must state “Contains Ethanol” or “Contains Methanol.” Additional requirements apply.

(Reference Oklahoma Statute 17-347, Code of Federal Regulations 1090.1510, and Oklahoma Senate Bill 255, 2023)

The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) AFV Program offers rebates to assist eligible residents with the cost of the purchase or lease of new or qualifying pre-owned AFVs, including all-electric vehicles (EVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), compressed natural gas (CNG) vehicles, electric motorcycles, and propane vehicles. Applicants must meet income eligibility requirements for the program and eligible AFV purchase price not exceed $45,000. Rebates are available in the following amounts:

An additional rebate of $1,000 is available for all applicants that meet the low-income requirement, as defined by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Applications much be received within six months of vehicle purchase. Rebates are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis. For more information, including forms and detailed requirements and restrictions, see the DEP AFV Rebates website.

(Reference Title 73 Pennsylvania Statutes, Chapter 18E, Section 1647.3)

Beginning January 1, 2025, in addition to standard vehicle registration fees, EV owners must pay an annual fee of $200, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle owners must pay an annual fee of $50.

(Reference Senate Bill 656, 2024)

Beginning January 1, 2025, EVs that are subject to the annual EV registration fee are exempt from the Alternative Fuels Tax.

(Reference Senate Bill 656, 2024)

Electric vehicle (EV) chargers that provide electricity exclusively for EVs are not considered public utilities within the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) service area. EV chargers located outside of TVA’s territory may be subject to different regulations. For more information, see the TVA EnergyRight website.

The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) administers the Texas Hydrogen Infrastructure, Vehicle, and Equipment (THIVE) program as part of the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan (TERP). The THIVE program provides grants to individuals, state and local governments, and private entities for the repower or replacement of eligible vehicles with FCEVs. Eligible projects include heavy-duty on-road and non-road vehicles and fueling infrastructure. For more information, including application periods, see the TCEQ TERP website.

The Utah Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) offers rebates of up to 50% of the cost to purchase and install Level 2 and direct current fast charging (DCFC) stations. Utah-based businesses and non-profit organizations are eligible for a maximum rebate of $75,000 each. Government entities are also eligible to apply. For more information, see the DEQ Workplace EV Charging Funding Assistance Program website.

The Vermont Agency of Transportation administers the Replace Your Ride Program which provides grants of up to $5,000 to qualified individuals for the retirement and replacement of internal combustion engine vehicles with a new or pre-owned all-electric or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. Incentives are available in the following amounts:

Applicants may receive a maximum of one grant. Grants are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, including application and eligibility requirements, see the Drive Electric Vermont website.

(Reference Act 55, 2021 and Act 62, 2023)

Between 2024 and 2026, electric utilities may use state funding to modify or supplement existing EV and EV charger incentive programs to incentivize individuals with high gasoline or diesel fuel use or individuals with low- to moderate-income to transition to EVs. Additional requirements apply.

(Reference Act 144, 2023)

The Vermont Commissioner of Motor Vehicles must begin issuing special vehicle license plates to owners of EVs and PHEVs no later than July 1, 2026, for first responder awareness. The Vermont Department of Motor Vehicles must submit testimony to the legislature on the progress of its efforts to implement license plates for EVs and PHEVs by March 15, 2025.

(Reference Senate Bill 309, 2024)

The Washington EV Instant Rebate Program offers rebates to residents for the purchase or lease of a qualified new or pre-owned EV. New EVs are eligible for a rebate of up to $9,000, and pre-owned EVs are eligible for a rebate of up to $2,500. Applicants may receive one rebate, and no more than three rebates are allowed per residential address. Only applicants who have a household income at or below 300% of the current federal poverty level or who are enrolled in an eligible income qualified program are eligible for the rebate. For more information, including program eligibility and requirements, see the Washington State Department of Commerce EV Instant Rebates website.