Search Federal and State Laws and Incentives

SmartWay Transport Partnership

The SmartWay Transport Partnership is a market-based public-private collaboration between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the domestic freight industry. This partnership is designed to reduce greenhouse gases and air pollution by accelerating the adoption of advanced technologies and operational practices which increase fuel efficiency and reduce emissions from goods movement. EPA provides partners with performance benchmarking tools, fleet management best practices, technology verification, public recognition and awards, and use of the SmartWay Transport Partner logo to demonstrate their leadership to customers, shareholders and other stakeholders. The SmartWay Transport Partnership is working with partners to test and verify advanced technologies and operational practices that save fuel and reduce emissions. Grants are available to states, non-profits, and academic institutions to demonstrate innovative idle reduction technologies for the trucking industry. For more information, see the SmartWay Transport Partnership website.

Improved Energy Technology Loans

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) provides loan guarantees through the Loan Guarantee Program to eligible projects that reduce air pollution and greenhouse gases and support early commercial use of advanced technologies, including biofuels and alternative fuel vehicles. The program is not intended for research and development projects. DOE may issue loan guarantees for up to 100% of the amount of the loan for an eligible project. Eligible projects may include the deployment of fueling infrastructure, including associated hardware and software, for alternative fuels. For loan guarantees of over 80%, the loan must be issued and funded by the Treasury Department's Federal Financing Bank. For more information, see the Loan Guarantee Program website and the Alternative Fuel Infrastructure fact sheet. (Reference 42 U.S. Code 16513)

Advanced Technology Vehicle (ATV) and Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Manufacturing Incentives

Through the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program, manufacturers may be eligible for direct loans for up to 30% of the cost of re-equipping, expanding, or establishing manufacturing facilities in the United States used to produce qualified ATVs, ATV components, or alternative fuel infrastructure, including associated hardware and software. Qualified ATVs are light-, medium-, and heavy-duty or ultra-efficient vehicles that meet specified federal emission standards and fuel economy requirements. Ultra-efficient vehicles are fully closed compartment vehicles, designed to carry at least two adult passengers, which achieve at least 75 miles per gallon while operating on gasoline or diesel fuel, as hybrid electric vehicles operating on gasoline or diesel fuel, or as fully electric vehicles. Qualified components must be designed for ATVs and installed for the purpose of meeting ATV performance requirements, as determined by DOE.

For more information, see DOE's Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program website and Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program fact sheet. (Reference Public Law 117-58 and 42 U.S. Code 17013)

Alternative Fuel Loans

The Oregon Department of Energy administers the Small-Scale Local Energy Loan Program which offers low-interest loans for qualifying projects. Eligible alternative fuel projects include fuel production facilities, dedicated feedstock production, fueling infrastructure, and fleet vehicles. Loan recipients must complete a loan application and pay a loan application fee. For more information, see the Energy Loan Program website. (Reference Oregon Revised Statutes 470)

Alternative Fuel School Bus and Fueling Infrastructure Loans

The Virginia Board of Education may use funding from the Literary Fund to provide loans to school boards that convert school buses to operate on alternative fuels or construct alternative fueling stations. (Reference Virginia Code 22.1-146)

Biofuel Loan Program

The Biofuels Partnership in Assisting Community Expansion (PACE) Loan Program provides an interest buy down of up to 5% below the note rate to biodiesel, ethanol, or renewable diesel production facilities; livestock operations feeding by-products produced at a biodiesel, ethanol, or renewable diesel facility; and grain handling facilities which provide storage of grain used in biofuels production. Qualified biodiesel, ethanol, and renewable diesel production facilities located in North Dakota may receive up to $500,000 of interest buy down for the purchase, construction, or expansion of a production facility, or the purchase or installation of equipment at the facility.

Idle Reduction Technology Loans

The Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) provides small business loans to institute pollution control and prevention measures. Idle reduction technologies for heavy-duty trucking applications are eligible. The maximum loan amount is $45,000, with a $65,000 lifetime maximum for one business, with loan terms up to 10 years. An eligible business must employ 100 individuals or less and demonstrate proof of profitability and the ability to repay the loan. For more information, including a loan application, see the ADEQ Environmental Assistance Low-Interest Loans for Small Businesses website.

Idle Reduction Technology Loan Program

The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency’s Small Business Environmental Assistance Program provides low-interest loans up to $75,000 to qualified small businesses to finance environmental projects such as capital equipment upgrades that meet or exceed environmental regulations, including idle reduction technologies. For more information, including eligibility requirements, see the Low-Interest Environmental Loans website.

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) and Fueling Infrastructure Loans

The Nebraska Energy Office administers the Dollar and Energy Saving Loan Program, which makes low-cost loans available for a variety of alternative fuel projects, including the replacement of conventional vehicles with AFVs; the purchase of new AFVs; the conversion of conventional vehicles to operate on alternative fuels; and the construction or purchase of fueling stations or equipment. The maximum loan amount is $500,000 per borrower, and the interest rate is 5% or less. For more information, see the Dollar and Energy Saving Loans website.

Alternative Fuel and Vehicle Incentives

The California Energy Commission (CEC) administers the Clean Transportation Program (Program) to provide financial incentives for businesses, vehicle and technology manufacturers, workforce training partners, fleet owners, consumers, and academic institutions with the goal of developing and deploying alternative and renewable fuels and advanced transportation technologies. Funding areas include:

• Electric vehicles and charging infrastructure;
• Hydrogen vehicles and refueling infrastructure;
• Medium- and heavy-duty zero emission vehicles;
• Natural gas vehicles and refueling infrastructure;
• Biofuels; and,
• Workforce development.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44272 - 44273 and California Code of Regulations, Title 13, Chapter 8.1)

Cellulosic Ethanol Production Financing

The Kansas Development Finance Authority may issue revenue bonds to cover the costs of construction or expansion of a biomass-to-energy facility. A qualifying biomass-to-energy facility includes any industrial process plant that uses biomass to produce at least 500,000 gallons of cellulosic alcohol fuel, liquid or gaseous fuel, or other source of energy in a quantity with energy content at least equal to that of 500,000 gallons of cellulosic alcohol fuel. Expansion of an existing biomass-to-energy facility is defined as expansion of the facility’s production capacity by a minimum of 10%.

(Reference Kansas Statutes 74-8949b and 79-32,233)

Advanced Biofuel Incentives

The North Dakota Industrial Commission's Renewable Energy Program provides matching grants and other forms of assistance to support research and development projects involving advanced and sugar-based biofuel. Advanced biofuel is defined as fuel derived from renewable biomass and includes biofuel derived from cellulose, hemicellulose, or lignin; biofuel derived from sugar and starch other than ethanol derived from corn kernel starch; biofuel derived from waste material, including crop residue, other vegetative waste material, animal waste, food waste, and yard waste; diesel-equivalent fuel derived from renewable biomass, including vegetable oil and animal fat; biogas, including landfill gas and sewage waste treatment gas, produced through the conversion of organic matter from renewable biomass; butanol or other alcohols produced through the conversion of organic matter from renewable biomass; and other fuel derived from cellulosic biomass. For more information, see the Renewable Energy Program website. (Reference North Dakota Century Code 54-63-03)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Financing Authorization

Local governments may offer funding to property owners within their jurisdiction to help finance EV charging station installations on their property or enter into a financing agreement for the same purpose. For additional information, property owners should contact their local government. (Reference Florida Statutes 163.08)

Advanced Biofuel Production Grants and Loan Guarantees

The Biorefinery Assistance Program (Section 9003) provides loan guarantees for the development, construction, and retrofitting of commercial-scale biorefineries that produce advanced biofuels. Grants for demonstration scale biorefineries are also available. Advanced biofuel is defined as fuel derived from renewable biomass other than corn kernel starch. Eligible applicants include, but are not limited to, individuals, state or local governments, farm cooperatives, national laboratories, institutions of higher education, and rural electric cooperatives. The maximum loan guarantee is $250 million and the maximum grant funding is 50% of project costs. For more information, including current funding application deadlines, see the Biorefinery Assistance Program website. (Reference Public Law 112-240 and 7 U.S. Code 8103)

Ethanol Infrastructure Grants and Loan Guarantees

The Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) provides loan guarantees and grants to agricultural producers and rural small businesses to purchase renewable energy systems or make energy efficiency improvements. Eligible renewable energy systems include flexible fuel pumps, or blender pumps, that dispense intermediate ethanol blends. The maximum loan guarantee is $25 million and the maximum grant funding is 25% of project costs. At least 20% of the grant funds awarded must be for grants of $20,000 or less. This program's funding is subject to congressional appropriations. For more information, see the REAP website. (Reference Public Laws 113-79 and 112-240, and 7 U.S. Code 8107)

Agriculturally-Derived Fuel Production Facility Loan Guarantees

The Bank of North Dakota offers loan guarantees of up to $400,000 per borrower for eligible entities constructing facilities using biomass for agriculturally-derived fuel production. The total value of loan guarantees under this program may not exceed $8 million at any one time. Additional restrictions apply. For more information, see the Bank of North Dakota's Farm Real Estate Loan Guarantee Program website. (Reference North Dakota Century Code 6-09.7-01 and 6-09.7-09)

Smart Grid Infrastructure Development and Support

The Illinois Science and Energy Innovation Trust (Trust) will provide financial and technical support to public and private entities within the state for programs and projects that support, encourage, or utilize innovative technologies and methods to modernize the state's electric grid. Technologies may include advanced electricity storage and peak-shaving technologies, such as electric vehicles (EV) or devices that allow EVs to engage in smart grid functions. The Trust also offers assistance for standards development for communication and interoperability of appliances and equipment connected to the electric grid. Electric utilities may voluntarily commit to investments in smart grid advanced metering infrastructure deployment. Participating utilities must consult with the Smart Grid Advisory Council and file a Smart Grid Advanced Metering Infrastructure Deployment Plan with the Illinois Commerce Commission. (Reference 220 Illinois Compiled Statutes 5/16-108.5 through 108.7)

Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Technology Research and Demonstration Bonds

Qualified state, tribal, and local governments may issue Qualified Energy Conservation Bonds subsidized by the U.S. Department of Treasury at competitive rates to fund capital expenditures on qualified energy conservation projects. Eligible activities include research and demonstration projects related to cellulosic ethanol and other non-fossil fuels, as well as advanced battery manufacturing technologies. Government entities may choose to issue tax credit bonds or direct payment bonds to subsidize the borrowing costs. For information on eligibility, processes, and limitations, see IRS Notices 2009-29, 2010-35, and 2012-44 or contact local issuing agencies. (Reference 26 U.S. Code 54D)

Natural Gas Infrastructure Loans

The Wyoming Business Council (Council) can issue loans to businesses for the cost of the engineering, design, real property, equipment, and labor necessary to install a natural gas fueling station. The loan may cover 75% of the total project cost, up to $1 million. Businesses receiving a loan do not have to pay interest or principal payments for the first two years of the loan term. When considering loan applications, the Council will consider existing fueling infrastructure and the volume of private and government fleet vehicles in the geographic area. For more information on loan requirements and applications, see the Council's Loan Programs website. (Reference Wyoming Statutes 9-12-301 through 9-12-304)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Revolving Loan Program

The Mississippi Alternative Fuel School Bus and Municipal Motor Vehicle Revolving Loan Program provides zero-interest loans for public school districts and municipalities to cover the incremental cost to purchase alternative fuel school buses and other motor vehicles, convert school buses and other motor vehicles to use U.S. Environmental Protection Agency compliant alternative fuel systems, purchase alternative fuel equipment, and install fueling stations. Loans are available for up to $300,000 for the purchase and retrofit of AFVs, and up to $500,000 for the purchase and installation of fueling station equipment and infrastructure. Eligible alternative fuels include propane and natural gas. For more information, see the Alternative Fuel School Bus and Municipal Motor Vehicle Revolving Loan Program website.

(Reference Mississippi Code 57-1-421)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Revolving Loan Program for Public Entities

The South Carolina Energy Office (SCEO) provides low interest loans for a variety of energy efficiency improvements, including AFV conversions and the incremental costs of a new AFV, with qualified project payback periods. Eligible recipients include state agencies, local governments, public colleges and universities, school districts, and private non-profit organizations. Private non-profit organizations and local government entities may recieve loans of up to 100% of eligible project costs ranging from $25,000 to $500,000 per state fiscal year. State agencies and public educational institutions, may rcieve loans of up to 70% of each project's funding as a loan and entities may also be eligible for ConserFund Plus grant of up to 30% project cost. For more information, see the ConserFund website. (Reference South Carolina Code of Laws 48-52-650)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Revolving Loan Program for Private Entities

The South Carolina Business Development Corporation provides low interest loans for a variety of energy efficiency improvements, including AFV conversions and incremental costs, with qualified project payback periods. Eligible recipients include businesses, industries, utilities, and non-profit organizations. Government entities may be eligible under special conditions. The loan may cover up to 100% of the project costs ranging from $50,000 to $1 million. Repayment terms vary. For more information, including application deadlines, see the Energy Efficiency Revolving Loan website. (Reference South Carolina Code of Laws 48-52-650)

Alternative Fuel and Idle Reduction Revolving Loan Program for Public Entities

The Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs (ADECA) offers low-interest energy efficiency loans through its Local Government Energy Loan program to local governments and educational institutions. Eligible energy efficiency improvement projects include those involving idle reduction equipment and natural gas and propane vehicle conversions or purchases. Dedicated and bi-fuel vehicles are eligible. Loans may cover both incremental and conversion costs. Local governments and public colleges and universities may borrow up to $350,000, and K-12 public schools may borrow up to $350,000 per campus or $500,000 per school system. The minimum loan amount is $50,000 and the maximum loan term is five years. For more information, including application availability, see the ADECA’s Energy Division website.

Residential Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Financing Program

Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Loss Reserve Program financing allows property owners to borrow funds to pay for energy improvements, including purchasing and installing EV charging stations. The borrower repays the financing over a defined period of time through a special assessment on the property. Local governments in California are authorized to establish PACE programs. Property owners must agree to a contractual assessment on the property tax bill, have a clean property title, and be current on property taxes and mortgages. Financing limits are 15% of the first $700,000 of the property value and 10% of the remaining property value. For more information, see the California Alternative Energy and Advanced Transportation Financing Authority PACE Loss Reserve Program website. (Reference California Public Resources Code 26050-26082)

Clean Truck Replacement Program

The Port Authority of New York & New Jersey’s Truck Replacement Program (Program) provides funding for up to 50% of the cost to replace a heavily emitting truck or up to $25,000, whichever is less. Eligible recipients include independent owner operators and licensed motor carriers servicing the port with drayage trucks equipped with Model Year 1998 to 2006 engines. Funding is limited to two replacement trucks per eligible applicant. Additional rules and conditions apply. For more information, see the Program website.

Clean Truck Replacement Program

The Port Authority of New York & New Jersey’s Truck Replacement Program (Program) provides funding for up to 50% of the cost to replace a heavily emitting truck or up to $25,000, whichever is less. Eligible recipients include independent owner operators and licensed motor carriers servicing the port with drayage trucks equipped with Model Year 1996 to 2003 engines. Funding is limited to two replacement trucks per eligible applicant. Additional rules and conditions apply. For more information, see the Program website.

Hydrogen Fuel Production Incentives

Businesses that convert natural gas to hydrogen fuel, or produce natural gas solely for use in the production of hydrogen fuel for zero emission vehicles (ZEVs), may be eligible for an oil and gas severance tax credit. Each eligible applicant may receive a tax credit equal to the amount of the severance tax owed, up to $5 million per year. Entities that produce hydrogen fuel for use in ZEVs or hydrogen fueled trucks may also qualify for grant funding or loans from the Community Impact Fund. (Reference Utah Code 35A-8-302 and 59-5-102)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Incentives - Brickell Energy

Brickell Energy’s aFLoat Program offers two different incentives to facilitate the installation of EV charging stations in Florida. Through the aFLoat Host Agreement, Brickell Energy will cover the cost of hardware, network service plans, management service, and warranties. Eligible hosts include commercial real estate property owners and managers. Hosts must cover the cost of installation. The aFLoat Rental Plan offers public and commercial locations, the EV charging station hardware, network service plan, management service, and warranties at a reduced fee. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see Brickell Energy’s aFLoat Program website.

Loans for Residential Charging or Natural Gas Fueling Infrastructure

The Connecticut Green Bank offers Smart-E low-interest loans for Connecticut electric vehicle (EV) drivers to purchase Level 2 and direct current fast charging (DCFC) stations or natural gas vehicle fueling equipment. To qualify, applicants must own and occupy the residence at which the EV charging stations or natural gas fueling equipment will be installed. For more information, see the Connecticut Green Bank Smart-E Loans website.

Alternative Fueling Infrastructure Incentive

The Vermont State Infrastructure Bank (SIB) offers loan assistance to municipalities, regional development corporations, political subdivisions of the state, and private companies working for the state to finance public electric vehicle charging and natural gas fueling stations. 1% fixed loans up to $100,000 are available to municipalities, non-profits, and private sector borrowers. Other terms and conditions may apply. See the Vermont Economic Development Authority’s SIB website for more information, including how to apply.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Incentives - Burlington Electric Department (BED)

BED provides low- or no-interest loans for the purchase of a new EV. Eligible customers can also apply for a rebate of $2,300 towards the purchase of a new all-electric vehicle (EV) or $2,000 towards the purchase of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV). An additional $600 is available for moderate income customers buying an EV or $300 for a PHEV. Vehicles must have a manufacturer’s suggested retail price that is less than or equal to $60,000. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, including income eligibility, see the BED Electric Vehicles website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Loan Program – Gunnison County Electric Association (GCEA)

GCEA members may borrow an EV for one day without any cost or mileage restrictions. For more information, including how to apply, see the GCEA EV Test Drive Program website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Leasing Program – Madison Gas and Electric (MGE)

MGE residential customers can pay $20 per month for the installation and maintenance of a Level 2 EV charging station. Participants must sign a five-year service agreement. For more information, see MGE’s Charge@Home website.

Transportation Electrification Loan Program

The Hawaii Green Infrastructure Authority (HGIA) provides a revolving credit line of up to $50,000,000 to state government entities for the purchase or lease of electric vehicles and the installation of electric vehicle supply equipment. For more information, see the HGIA website.

(Reference Hawaii Revised Statutes 196-62.5 and 196-65)

Clean Transportation and Infrastructure Loans

Efficiency Maine administers the Maine Clean Energy and Sustainability Accelerator (Accelerator) to provide loans for qualified alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) projects, including the purchase of electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, zero emission vehicles (ZEVs), and associated vehicle charging and fueling infrastructure. Recipients must direct 40% of funds towards low-income communities and communities of color.

(Reference Legislative Document 1659, 2021 and Title 35-A, Section 2360)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Leasing Program - Orlando Utilities Commission (OUC)

OUC commercial customers can pay a monthly fee for the installation and maintenance of an OUC-owned Level 2 or direct current fast charging (DCFC) stations. For more information, see the OUC Commercial EV Charging Service website.

Medium- and Heavy-Duty (MHD) Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Financing Program

The California Pollution Control Financing Authority (CPCFA) must develop and implement a purchasing assistance program for MHD ZEV fleets. CPCFA must consult with stakeholders to design a program that provides financial support and technical assistance to fleet managers deploying MHD ZEVs. CPCFA must designate high-priority fleets, considering implications for climate change, pollution, environmental justice, and post-COVID economy recovery. A minimum of 75% of financing products must be directed towards operators of MHD ZEV fleets whose fleets directly impact, or operate in, underserved communities. CPCFA must establish the program by January 1, 2023, and provide annual reports on program outcomes to the California Air Resources Board. (Reference Senate Bill 372, 2021)

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Loans

The Wyoming Business Council (Council) administers the Wyoming Partnership Challenge Loan Program to provide low interest matching loans to economic development organizations. The loan may not exceed 75% of the total project cost, up to $1,000,000. The Council may match up to 50% of the total project cost. For more information, including a loan application, see the Council’s Partnership Challenge Loan Program website. (Reference Wyoming Statutes 9-12-301 through 9-12-304)

Residential Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Program – Xcel Energy

The Xcel Energy EV Accelerate at Home program provides residential customers with a Level 2 EV charging station for a flat monthly fee. The fee includes EV charging station installation and maintenance by an Xcel Energy approved electrician. For more information, see the Xcel Energy Driving Toward an Electric Future website.