Search Federal and State Laws and Incentives

Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) Improvement Program

The CMAQ Program provides funding to state departments of transportation (DOTs), local governments, and transit agencies for projects and programs that help meet the requirements of the Clean Air Act by reducing mobile source emissions and regional congestion on transportation networks. Eligible activities include transit improvements, travel demand management strategies, congestion relief efforts (such as high occupancy vehicle lanes), diesel retrofit projects, alternative fuel vehicles and infrastructure, and medium- or heavy-duty zero emission vehicles and related charging equipment. Projects supported with CMAQ funds must demonstrate emissions reductions, be located in or benefit a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-designated nonattainment or maintenance area, and be a transportation project. For more information, see the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law CMAQ fact sheet and CMAQ Improvement Program website.

(Reference Public Law 117-58, Public Law 112-141, 23 U.S. Code 149, and 23 U.S. Code 151)

Clean Cities Coalition Network

The mission of Clean Cities Coalition Network is to foster the economic, environmental, and energy security of the United States by working locally to advance affordable, domestic transportation fuels and technologies. Nearly 100 volunteer coalitions carry out this mission by developing public/private partnerships to promote alternative and renewable fuels, idle-reduction measures, fuel economy, improvements, and emerging transportation technologies. The Clean Cities Coalition Network provides information about financial opportunities, coordinates technical assistance projects, updates and maintains databases and websites, and publishes technical and informational materials. For more information, see the Clean Cities Coalition Network website.

State Energy Program (SEP) Funding

The SEP provides grants to states to assist in designing, developing, and implementing renewable energy and energy efficiency programs, including programs to help reduce carbon emissions in the transportation sector by 2050 and accelerate the use of alternative transportation fuels for, and the electrification of, state government vehicles, fleet vehicles, taxis and ridesharing services, mass transit, school buses, ferries, and privately owned passenger and medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. Each state's energy office receives SEP funding and manages all SEP-funded projects. States may also receive project funding from technology programs in the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) for SEP Special Projects. EERE distributes the funding through an annual competitive solicitation to state energy offices. SEP is authorized through fiscal year 2026. For more information, see the SEP website. (Reference Public Law 117-58 and 42 U.S. Code 6322 through 6325)

Clean School Bus

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Clean School Bus program provides funding to eligible applicants for the replacement of existing school buses with clean, alternative fuel school buses or zero-emission school buses. EPA may award up to 100% of the cost of the replacement bus, charging equipment, or fueling infrastructure. Alternative fuels include electricity, natural gas, hydrogen, or propane. Eligible applicants are school districts, state and local government programs, federally recognized Indian tribes, non-profit organizations, and eligible contractors. EPA will prioritize funding for high-need local education agencies; low income, rural and tribal schools; and, applications that cost share through public-private partnerships, grants from other entities, or school bonds. For more information, including funding availability, timeline, and application materials, see the EPA Clean School Bus website.

(Reference Public Law 117-58 and 42 U.S. Code 16091)

Clean Construction and Agriculture

Clean Construction is a voluntary program that promotes the reduction of diesel exhaust emissions from construction equipment and vehicles by encouraging proper operations and maintenance, use of emissions-reducing technologies, and use of cleaner fuels.

Clean Agriculture is a voluntary program that promotes the reduction of diesel exhaust emissions from agricultural equipment and vehicles by encouraging proper operations and maintenance by farmers, ranchers, and agribusinesses, use of emissions-reducing technologies, and use of cleaner fuels.

Clean Construction and Clean Agriculture are part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) Program, which offers funding for clean diesel construction and agricultural equipment projects.

For more information, see the Reducing Diesel Emissions from Construction and Agriculture website.

Ports Initiative

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Ports Initiative is an incentive-based program designed to reduce emissions by encouraging port authorities and terminal operators to retrofit and replace older diesel engines with new technologies and use cleaner fuels. EPA's Ports Initiative offers funding to port authorities and public entities to help them overcome barriers that impede the adoption of cleaner diesel technologies and strategies. For more information, see the Ports Initiative website.

Vehicle Incremental Cost Allocation

The U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) must allocate the incremental cost of purchasing alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) across the entire fleet of vehicles distributed by GSA. This mandate also applies to other federal agencies that procure vehicles for federal fleets. For more information, see the GSA's AFV website. (Reference 42 U.S. Code 13212 (c))

Vehicle Acquisition and Fuel Use Requirements for State and Alternative Fuel Provider Fleets

Under the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992, as amended, certain state government and alternative fuel provider fleets are required to acquire alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) as a portion of their annual light-duty vehicle acquisitions. Compliance is required by fleets that operate, lease, or control 50 or more light-duty vehicles within the United States. Of those 50 vehicles, at least 20 must be used primarily within a single Metropolitan Statistical Area/Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area, and those same 20 vehicles must also be capable of being centrally fueled for the fleet to be subject to the regulatory requirements.

Under Standard Compliance, the AFVs that covered fleets acquire help them achieve compliance, with each AFV acquired earning the fleet one AFV-acquisition credit. Covered fleets may earn additional credits for AFVs earned in excess of their requirements, and these credits may be banked for future use toward compliance or traded with other fleets. Additionally, fleets that use fuel blends containing at least 20% biodiesel (B20) in medium- and heavy-duty vehicles may earn credits toward their annual AFV-acquisition requirements. A fleet may also earn credits that may be used toward compliance or banked once the fleet achieves compliance for investments in alternative fuel infrastructure, mobile non-road equipment, and emerging technologies associated with certain electric drive vehicle technologies.

Fleets may also opt into Alternative Compliance, which allows fleets the option to choose a petroleum reduction path in lieu of acquiring AFVs under Standard Compliance. Interested fleets must obtain from DOE a waiver from Standard Compliance by submitting a plan that demonstrates a path by which they will achieve a certain level of petroleum reduction specific to their fleet composition.

For more information, visit the EPAct State and Alternative Fuel Provider Fleets website.

(Reference 42 U.S. Code 13251 and 13263a, and 10 CFR 490)

Vehicle Acquisition and Fuel Use Requirements for Federal Fleets

Under the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992, 75% of new light-duty vehicles acquired by covered federal fleets must be alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). As amended in January 2008, Section 301 of EPAct 1992 expands the definition of AFVs to include hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, and advanced lean burn vehicles. Fleets that use fuel blends containing at least 20% biodiesel (B20) may earn credits toward their annual requirements. Federal fleets are also required to use alternative fuels in dual-fuel vehicles unless the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) approves waivers for agency vehicles; grounds for a waiver include lack of alternative fuel availability and unreasonable cost (per EPAct 2005, section 701).

Additional requirements for federal fleets were included in the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, such as fleet management plans and petroleum reduction from 2005 levels (Section 142), low greenhouse gas (GHG) emitting vehicle acquisition requirements (Section 141), and renewable fuel infrastructure installation requirements (Section 246). For more information, see the Federal Fleet Management website.

To track progress toward meeting AFV acquisition and fuel use requirements, federal fleets must report on their percent alternative fuel increase compared to the fiscal year 2005 baseline, alternative fuel use as a percentage of total fuel consumption, AFV acquisitions as a percentage of vehicle acquisitions, and fleet-wide miles per gasoline gallon equivalent of petroleum fuels.

Executive Order 13834, issued in May 2018, requires the Secretary of Energy (Secretary), in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, the Administrator of General Services, and the heads of other agencies as appropriate, to review the existing federal vehicle fleet requirements. In April 2019, the Secretary provided a report to the Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget detailing opportunities to optimize federal fleet performance, reduce associated costs, and streamline reporting and compliance requirements. Specifically, the report recommends that federal agencies identify and implement strategies to:

• Right-size the fleet
• Reduce vehicle miles traveled
• Implement more fuel efficient vehicles
• Align the implementation of AFVs and associated fueling infrastructure

(Reference 42 U.S. Code 13212 and Executive Order 13834 and Executive Order 14008)

Vehicle Acquisition and Fuel Use Requirements for Private and Local Government Fleets

Under the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) was directed to determine whether private and local government fleets should be mandated to acquire alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). In January 2004, DOE published a final rule announcing its decision not to implement an AFV acquisition mandate for private and local government fleets. In response to a March 2006 ruling by a U.S. District Court, DOE issued a subsequent final rulemaking on the new Replacement Fuel Goal in March 2007, which extended the EPAct 1992 goal to 2030. The goal is to achieve a domestic production capacity for replacement fuels sufficient to replace 30% of the U.S. motor fuel consumption. In March 2008, DOE issued its determination not to implement a fleet compliance mandate for private and local government fleets, concluding that such a mandate is not necessary to achieve the Replacement Fuel Goal. For more information on the Private and Local Government Fleet Rule compliance, visit the EPAct Private and Local Government Fleet Determination website. (Reference 42 U.S. Code 13257)

Voluntary Airport Low Emission (VALE) Program

The goal of the VALE Program is to reduce ground level emissions at commercial service airports located in designated ozone and carbon monoxide air quality nonattainment and maintenance areas. The VALE Program provides funding through the Airport Improvement Program and the Passenger Facility Charges program for the purchase of low emission vehicles, development of fueling and recharging stations, implementing gate electrification, and other airport air quality improvements. For more information, see the VALE Program website. (Reference 49 U.S. Code 47139)

High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lane Exemption

States are allowed to exempt certified alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) from HOV lane requirements within the state. Eligible AFVs are defined as vehicles operating solely on methanol, denatured ethanol, or other alcohols; a mixture containing at least 85% methanol, denatured ethanol, or other alcohols; natural gas, propane, hydrogen, or coal derived liquid fuels; or fuels derived from biological materials. EVs are defined as vehicles that are recharged from an external source of electricity and have a battery capacity of at least 4 kilowatt-hours. States are also allowed to establish programs allowing low-emission and energy-efficient vehicles to pay a toll to access HOV lanes.

Vehicles must be certified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and appropriately labeled for use in HOV lanes. The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) is responsible for planning and implementing HOV programs, including the low-emission and energy-efficient vehicle criteria EPA established. States that choose to adopt these requirements will be responsible for enforcement and vehicle labeling. The HOV exemption for AFVs and EVs expires September 30, 2025 and low-emission and energy-efficient vehicle toll-access to HOV lanes expires September 30, 2019.

(Reference Public Law 114-94 and 23 U.S. Code 166)

Aftermarket Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Conversions

Conventional original equipment manufacturer vehicles altered to operate on propane, natural gas, methane gas, ethanol, or electricity are classified as aftermarket AFV conversions. All vehicle conversions, except those that are completed for a vehicle to run on electricity, must meet current applicable U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards. For more information about vehicle conversion certification requirements, see the Alternative Fuels Data Center's Vehicle Conversions website and EPA's Certification and Compliance for Vehicles and Engines website. (Reference 40 CFR 85 and Enforcement Policy on Vehicle and Engine Tampering and Aftermarket Defeat Devices)

Alternative Fuel Definition

The following fuels are defined as alternative fuels by the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992: pure methanol, ethanol, and other alcohols; blends of 85% or more of alcohol with gasoline; natural gas and liquid fuels domestically produced from natural gas; propane; coal-derived liquid fuels; hydrogen; electricity; pure biodiesel (B100); fuels, other than alcohol, derived from biological materials; and P-Series fuels. In addition, the U.S. Department of Energy may designate other fuels as alternative fuels, provided that the fuel is substantially non-petroleum, yields substantial energy security benefits, and offers substantial environmental benefits. For more information, see the EPAct website. (Reference 42 U.S. Code 13211)

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) Manufacturing Loans

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) provides grants or loan guarantees through the Loan Guarantee Program for the domestic production of efficient hybrid vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, all-electric vehicles, and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles,. The program is not intended for research and development projects. DOE may issue loan guarantees for at least 50% of the amount of the loan for an eligible project. Eligible projects may include the deployment of fueling infrastructure, including associated hardware and software, for alternative fuels. For loan guarantees of over 80%, the loan must be issued and funded by the Treasury Department’s Federal Financing Bank. For more information, see the DOE Loan Guarantee Program website and the Alternative Fuel Infrastructure fact sheet.

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) Tax Credit

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (Public Law 117-169) amended the Qualified Plug-in Electric Drive Motor Vehicle Credit (IRC 30D), now known as the Clean Vehicle Credit, and added a new requirement for final assembly in North America that took effect on August 17, 2022. Additional requirements apply for vehicles placed in service (delivered) on or after January 1, 2023, and the amount of the credit will depend on whether the vehicle meets new critical minerals and battery components requirements for vehicles placed in service after April 17, 2023. See the IRS Plug-In Electric Drive Vehicle Credit for more information. Taxpayers who purchase an eligible vehicle may qualify for a tax credit of up to $7,500. Additional details are provided below based on when the vehicle is purchased or placed-in-service.

Vehicles Placed in Service on or After April 18, 2023

For vehicles delivered on or after April 18, 2023, limitations apply that went into effect January 1, 2023, related to the vehicle’s manufacturer’s suggested retail price (MSRP), the buyer’s modified adjusted gross income, and the vehicle’s battery capacity. A North American final assembly requirement applies for vehicles purchased on or after August 17, 2022. Additional critical mineral and battery component requirements also apply as of April 18, 2023, which alter how the tax credit is calculated and may alter the amount of the tax credit available. These latter requirements came into effect upon the publication of the Treasury Department’s guidance document regarding the critical mineral and battery component requirements. Vehicles that meet the critical mineral requirements are eligible for a $3,750 tax credit, and vehicles that meet the battery component requirements are eligible for a $3,750 tax credit. Vehicles meeting both the critical mineral and the battery component requirements are eligible for a total tax credit of $7,500.

Vans, sport utility vehicles, and pickup trucks must not have an MSRP above $80,000, and all other vehicles may not have an MSRP above $55,000. The MSRP can be found on the vehicle’s window sticker, which is also known as the “Monroney label”; the MSRP for this purpose includes any trim, options, or accessories for the particular vehicle and excludes the destination fee and dealer-provided options and accessories.

Additionally, a taxpayer’s eligibility for the tax credit may be limited by thresholds for modified adjusted gross income (modified AGI); only individuals having a modified AGI below the following thresholds for the current tax year or the prior tax year are eligible for the tax credit:

• $300,000 for joint filers
• $225,000 for head-of-household filers
• $150,000 for all other filers

To be eligible for the Clean Vehicle Credit, the battery powering the vehicle must have a capacity of at least seven kilowatt-hours (kWh). The amount of the credit depends on whether the vehicle meets certain critical minerals and battery component requirements.

Critical Minerals: To be eligible for the $3,750 critical minerals portion of the tax credit, the percentage of the value of the battery’s critical minerals that are extracted or processed in the United States or a U.S. free-trade agreement partner or recycled in North America, must meet or exceed the following thresholds:

Battery Components: To be eligible for the $3,750 battery components portion of the tax credit, the percentage of the value of the battery’s components that are manufactured or assembled in North America must meet or exceed the following thresholds:

Further guidance on additional 30D requirements is forthcoming. For more information, including additional eligibility requirements, see the IRS Plug-In Electric Drive Vehicle Credit website.

Vehicles Sold on or After January 1 and Placed-in-Service Before April 18, 2023

Beginning January 1, 2023, the Clean Vehicle Credit (CVC) provisions removed the manufacturer sales caps for vehicles sold after January 1, 2023, expanded the scope of eligible vehicles to include both EVs and FCEVs, and required that the battery powering the vehicle has a capacity of at least seven kilowatt-hours (kWh). An available tax credit under the CVC may be limited by the vehicle’s manufacturer suggested retail price (MSRP) and the buyer’s modified adjusted gross income (as addressed above). The North American final assembly requirement continues to apply.

For vehicles placed in service before April 18, 2023, the available CVC tax credit is a base amount of $2,500 plus, for a vehicle that draws propulsion energy from a battery with at least 7 kWh of capacity, $417, plus an additional $417 for each kilowatt hour of battery capacity in excess of 5 kWh. The total tax credit available for a vehicle may not exceed $7,500.

Vehicles Purchased Between August 17 and December 31, 2022

Qualifying EVs purchased and delivered between August 17, 2022, and December 31, 2022, are eligible for the tax incentive as described below for vehicles purchased before August 17, 2022, but are limited to vehicles with final assembly in North America. Manufacturer sales caps on vehicles apply. Note that for some manufacturers, the assembly location may vary because some models are produced in multiple locations. The assembly location of a particular vehicle should be confirmed by referring to its Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) using the U.S. Department of Transportation’s VIN decoder or an information label affixed to the vehicle.

Vehicles Purchased Before August 17, 2022

Qualifying EVs purchased before August 17, 2022, are eligible for a tax credit that is available for the purchase of a new qualified EV that draws propulsion from a battery that has at least five kilowatt-hours (kWh) of capacity, uses an external source of energy to recharge the battery, has a gross vehicle weight rating of up to 14,000 pounds, and meets specified emission standards. The minimum credit amount is $2,500, and the credit may be up to $7,500 based on each vehicle’s traction battery capacity. The credit will begin to be phased out for each manufacturer in the second quarter following the calendar quarter in which a minimum of 200,000 qualified PEVs have been sold by that manufacturer for use in the United States. This tax credit is also available for future EV owners with a written binding contract to purchase a new qualifying electric vehicle before August 16, 2022, but do not take possession of the vehicle until on or after August 16, 2022. For more information, including qualifying vehicles and sales by manufacturer, see the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Qualified Plug-in Electric Drive Motor Vehicle Credit website.

(Reference U.S. Code 30D and Public Law 117-169)

Advanced Technology Vehicle (ATV) and Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Manufacturing Incentives

The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program may offer direct loans to eligible manufacturers for up to 30% of the cost of re-equipping, expanding, or establishing manufacturing facilities in the United States used to produce qualified ATVs, ATV components, or alternative fuel infrastructure, including associated hardware and software. Qualified ATVs are light-, medium-, and heavy-duty ultra-efficient vehicles that meet specified federal emission standards and fuel economy requirements, and emit low or zero exhaust. Ultra-efficient vehicles are fully closed compartment vehicles, designed to carry at least two adult passengers, which achieve at least 75 miles per gallon while operating on gasoline or diesel fuel, as hybrid electric vehicles operating on gasoline or diesel fuel, or as fully electric vehicles. Qualified components must be designed for ATVs and installed for the purpose of meeting ATV performance requirements, as determined by DOE. For more information, see the DOE’s ATVs Manufacturing Loan Program website and ATVs Manufacturing Loan Program fact sheet.

(Reference 42 U.S. Code 17013 and Public Law 117-169)

Procurement Preference for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles

The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) must exhibit a preference for the lease or procurement of motor vehicles with electric or hybrid electric propulsion systems, including plug-in hybrid systems, if the vehicles are commercially available at a cost reasonably comparable to motor vehicles with internal combustion engines. Tactical vehicles designed for use in combat are excluded from the requirement. (Reference 10 U.S. Code 2922g)

Zero Emission Vehicle Emissions Test Exemption

Electric vehicles registered in Arizona are not required to complete annual emissions testing. All alternative fuel vehicles, excluding electric and hydrogen vehicles, used to commute into Phoenix or Tucson are required to be emissions tested before they are registered. For more information, visit the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality website.

(Reference Arizona Revised Statutes 49-541, 49-542 and 49-542.05)

Reduced Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) License Tax

The vehicle license tax for an AFV registered in Arizona is $4 for every $100 in assessed value. The minimum amount of the annual AFV license tax is $5. AFV assessed values are determined as follows:

• For AFVs initially registered between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022, the assessed value of the AFV is 20% of the manufacturer’s suggested retail price (MSRP);
• For each succeeding year, for the purpose of calculating the license tax, the assessed value of the AFV is reduced by 15% from the value from the preceding year.

For the purpose of this tax, AFVs include those powered exclusively by propane, natural gas, electricity, hydrogen, or a blend of hydrogen with propane or natural gas. For more information, see the ADOT AFV website. The reduced alternative fuel vehicle license tax does not apply to any vehicle purchased on or after December 31, 2022.

(Reference Arizona Revised Statutes 1-215, 28-5801, 28-5805)

Employer Invested Emissions Reduction Funding - South Coast

The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) administers the Air Quality Investment Program (AQIP). AQIP provides funding to allow employers within SCAQMD's jurisdiction to make annual investments into an administered fund to meet employers' emissions reduction targets. The revenues collected are used to fund alternative mobile source emissions and trip reduction programs, including alternative fuel vehicle projects, on an on-going basis. Programs such as low emission, alternative fuel, or zero emission vehicle procurement and old vehicle scrapping may be considered for funding. For more information, including current requests for proposals and funding opportunities, see the AQIP website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Rate Reduction - SMUD

The Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) offers a discounted rate to residential customers for electricity used to charge EVs. For more information, see the SMUD Rate Details website.

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Production Requirements

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) certifies new passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles as ZEVs if the vehicles produce zero exhaust emissions of any criteria pollutant (or precursor pollutant) under all possible operational modes and conditions. Manufacturers with annual sales between 4,501 and 60,000 vehicles may comply with the ZEV requirements through multiple alternative compliance options that include producing low emission vehicles and obtaining ZEV credits. Manufacturers with annual sales of 4,500 vehicles or less are not subject to this regulation.

CARB’s emissions control program for MY 2017 through 2025 combines the control of smog, soot, and greenhouse gases (GHGs) and requirements for ZEVs into a single package of standards called Advanced Clean Cars. In December 2012, CARB finalized new regulatory requirements that allow vehicle manufacturer compliance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s GHG requirements for MY 2017-2025 to serve as compliance with California’s adopted GHG emissions requirements for those same model years.

The accounting procedures for MY 2018-2025 are based on a credit system as shown in the table below. The minimum ZEV requirement for each manufacturer includes the percentage of passenger cars and light-duty trucks produced by the manufacturer and delivered for sale in California. The regulation also includes opportunities for compliance with transitional zero emission vehicles, which must demonstrate certain exhaust emissions standards, evaporative emissions standards, on-board diagnostic requirements, and extended warranties.

For more information, see the CARB ZEV Program website.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 1962 -1962.2)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Weight Exemption

Gross vehicle weight rating limits for AFVs are 2,000 pounds greater than those for comparable conventional vehicles, as long as the AFVs operate using an alternative fuel or both alternative and conventional fuel, when operating on a highway that is not part of the interstate system. For the purpose of this exemption, alternative fuel is defined as compressed natural gas, propane, ethanol, or any mixture containing 85% or more ethanol (E85) with gasoline or other fuels, electricity, or any other fuels, which may include clean diesel and reformulated gasoline, so long as the Colorado Air Quality Control Commission determines that these other fuels result in comparable reductions in carbon monoxide emissions and brown cloud pollutants.

(Reference Colorado Revised Statutes 42-4-508 and 24-30-1104 (2)(c)(III)(A))

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Acquisition Requirements

Fleets that operate at least 10 vehicles in the District of Columbia must ensure that 70% of newly purchased vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 8,500 pounds (lbs.) or less and 50% of vehicles with a GVWR between 8,500 lbs. and 26,000 lbs. are clean fuel vehicles. For this requirement, a clean fuel is any fuel, including diesel, ethanol (including E85), hydrogen, propane, natural gas, reformulated gasoline, or other power source (including electricity) used in a clean fuel vehicle that complies with standards and requirements applicable to such vehicles. Certain exemptions apply. (Reference District of Columbia Code 50-702 and 50-703)

Alternative Fuel Excise Tax

Distributors who sell or use motor fuel, including special fuels, are subject to an excise tax of $0.26 per gallon. Motor fuels that are not commonly sold or measured by the gallon and are used in motor vehicles on public highways are taxed according to their gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE). A GGE of electricity may not exceed 11 kilowatt-hours, of hydrogen must be at least 2.2 pounds, of compressed natural gas (CNG) must be at least 110,000 British thermal units, and of liquefied natural gas (LNG) must be at least 6.06 pounds. CNG is defined as a mixture of hydrocarbon gases and vapors, consisting principally of methane in gaseous form that has been compressed for use as a motor fuel. LNG is defined as methane or natural gas in the form of a cryogenic or refrigerated liquid for use as a motor fuel. Propane and special fuels sold in bulk to a licensed consumer distributor are exempt from this tax. For electricity, the excise tax only applies to electricity sold at a public electric vehicle charging stations. The Georgia Department of Revenue may assess, levy, and collect tax for any other motor fuels used on public highways using a GGE rate.

(Reference Georgia Code 48-9-3 and Senate Bill 146, 2023)

Fleet User Fee Exemption

Fleets with 10 or more vehicles located in defined areas of the state must pay an annual fee of $20 per vehicle in addition to registration fees. Owners of electric vehicles are exempt from this fee. The Office of the Illinois Secretary of State deposits all fees into the Electric Vehicle Rebate Fund.

(Reference Illinois Compiled Statutes 120/35)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Acquisition Requirements

At least 10% of new vehicles purchased by institutions under the control of the state fleet director, including the Iowa Department of Transportation, Board of Directors of Community Colleges, Board of Regents, Commission for the Blind, and Department of Corrections must be capable of operating on alternative fuels. Alternative fuels include E85, B20, natural gas, propane, and electricity. Vehicles and trucks purchased and directly used for law enforcement and off-road maintenance work are exempt from this requirement.

The state fleet must fuel diesel vehicles with biodiesel blends between 2% and 99%, and gasoline vehicles with ethanol blends between 15% and 85%. This requirement does not apply if such blends are not approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or the vehicle manufacturer. Additional exemptions apply. Vehicles that use the biodiesel and ethanol blends must display a brightly colored, highly visible renewable fuel sticker. Beginning July 1, 2023, and annually thereafter, the Iowa Department of Administrative Services must publish a report detailing the use of ethanol and biodiesel blends in state fleet vehicles.

(Reference Iowa Code 89A.360, 8A.362, 8A.368, 216B.3, 260C.19A, 262.25A, 307.21 and 904.312A and House File 2128, 2022)

Alternative Fuel Promotion

The Missouri Alternative Fuels Commission (Commission) promotes the continued production and use of alternative transportation fuels in Missouri. The Commission submits a report annually to the governor and general assembly that includes: - Recommendations on changes to state law to facilitate the sale and distribution of alternative fuels and alternative fuel vehicles (AFV); - Promotes the development, sale, distribution, and consumption of alternative fuels; - Promotes the development and use of AFVs and technology that will enhance the use of alternative and renewable fuels; - Educates consumers about alternative fuels; and, - Develops a long-range plan for the state to reduce consumption of petroleum fuels.

For more information, see the Missouri Alternative Fuels Commission website.

(Reference Missouri Revised Statutes 414.420)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) Acquisition Requirements

A minimum of 75% of state government and educational institution fleet light-duty vehicles purchased must be HEVs or bi-fuel or dedicated AFVs. Vehicles must meet or exceed the federal corporate average fuel economy standards. Certified law enforcement pursuit vehicles and emergency vehicles are exempt from this requirement. The New Mexico Energy, Minerals and Natural Resources Department may grant additional exemptions based on the availability and suitability of vehicles, as well as fuel availability and cost.

(Reference New Mexico Statutes 13-1B-1 through 13-1B-7)

Alternative Fuel Loans

The Oregon Department of Energy administers the Small-Scale Local Energy Loan Program which offers low-interest loans for qualifying projects. Eligible alternative fuel projects include fuel production facilities, dedicated feedstock production, fueling infrastructure, and fleet vehicles. Loan recipients must complete a loan application and pay a loan application fee. For more information, see the Energy Loan Program website. (Reference Oregon Revised Statutes 470)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Acquisition and Fuel Use Requirements

All state agencies must purchase or lease zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs), including all-electric, plug-in hybrid electric, or hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, for at least 25% of new state light-duty vehicles to the maximum extent possible.

If ZEVs are not feasible, the state agency may purchase or lease AFVs and use alternative fuels to operate those vehicles, except in regions where it is not economically or logistically possible to fuel an AFV. Each state agency must develop and report a greenhouse gas reduction baseline and annual reduction targets to the Oregon Department of Administrative Services (DAS). Reports to DAS must include the number of purchases or leases of ZEVs, AFVs, and AFV conversions and the quantity of each type of alternative fuel used annually by state agency fleets.

(Reference Oregon Revised Statutes 283.327 and 267.030 and Executive Order 20-04, 2020)

High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lane Exemption

Alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) displaying the Virginia Clean Special Fuel license plate may use Virginia HOV lanes on specified areas of I-64, I-264, I-564, the Dulles Toll Road, and in the City of Alexandria, regardless of the number of occupants. For HOV lanes serving the I-66 corridor, only registered vehicles displaying Clean Special Fuel license plates issued before July 1, 2011, are exempt from HOV lane requirements. Only dedicated AFVs are eligible; see the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles website for a complete list of qualifying vehicles. The annual fee for Clean Special Fuel license plates is $25 in addition to the prescribed fee for commonwealth license plates. This exemption expires September 30, 2025. For more information, see the Virginia Department of Transportation HOV Lanes website.

(Reference Virginia Code 33.2-501 and 46.2-749.3)

Alternative Fuel School Bus and Fueling Infrastructure Loans

The Virginia Board of Education may use funding from the Literary Fund to provide loans to school boards that convert school buses to operate on alternative fuels or construct alternative fueling stations.

(Reference Virginia Code 22.1-146)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Tax Reduction Authorization

Local governments may reduce personal property taxes paid on AFVs and low-speed vehicles. AFVs include vehicles that operate using natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas or propane, hydrogen, or electricity.

(Reference Virginia Code 58.1-3506)

Alternative Fuel Tax

Alternative fuels used to operate on-road vehicles are taxed at a rate of $0.262 per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE). Alternative fuels are taxed at the same rate as gasoline and gasohol (5.1% of the statewide average wholesale price of a gallon of self-serve unleaded regular gasoline). Refer to the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles Fuels Tax Rates and Alternative Fuels Conversion website for fuel-specific GGE calculations.

(Reference Virginia Code 58.1-2217 and 58.1-2249)

Alternative Fuel Provider License

Alternative fuel providers, bulk users, and retailers, or any person who fuels an alternative fuel vehicle from a private source that does not pay the alternative fuels tax must obtain an alternative fuel license from the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). For more information, see the DMV Fuels Tax Licensing website.

(Reference Virginia Code 58.1-2244)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Emissions Inspection Exemption

AFVs powered exclusively by electric, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and propane vehicles are exempt from state emissions control inspections. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles that obtain a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency fuel economy rating of at least 50 miles per gallon during city driving are also exempt from these inspections.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 46.16A.060)

Alternative Fuel Production Subsidy Prohibition

Incentives or subsidies from political subdivisions for the production of alternative fuels are prohibited by law, with exceptions for certain coal-based liquid fuels.

(Reference West Virginia Code 8-27A-3 and 11-13D-3D)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle and Alternative Fuel Use Policy

The Wisconsin Department of Administration (DOA) encourages state employees operating state-owned or leased motor vehicles to use hybrid electric vehicles or vehicles that operate on gasohol (a motor fuel containing at least 10% alcohol) or alternative fuels whenever feasible and cost effective. DOA must place a list of gasohol and alternative fueling station locations in each state-owned or state-leased motor vehicle for driver reference. DOA also encourages Wisconsin residents and state employees who use personal motor vehicles on state business to use gasohol and alternative fuels.

(Reference Wisconsin Statutes 16.045)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Insurance Regulation

Insurance companies may not impose surcharges on EVs based on factors such as new technology, passenger payload, weight-to-horsepower ratio, and the types of material used to manufacture the vehicle, unless the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation receives actuarial data that determines the surcharges are justified. (Reference Florida Statutes 627.06535)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Tax Credit

An eligible business enterprise may claim an income tax credit for the purchase or lease and installation of qualified EV charging station. The EV charging station must be located in Georgia. The tax credit is for 10% of the cost of the EV charging station, up to $2,500. For more information, including eligibility requirements, see the Georgia Department of Natural Resources Clean Vehicle Tax Credits website.

(Reference Georgia Code 48-7-40.16)

High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) and High Occupancy Toll (HOT) Lane Exemption

Alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) displaying the proper alternative fuel license plate may use HOV and HOT lanes, regardless of the number of passengers. Qualified AFVs may also use the HOT lanes toll-free. AFVs include electric vehicles and bi-fuel or dual-fuel vehicles that operate on natural gas or propane. Applicants must provide proof they have paid registration fees in full before receiving the license plate. This exemption expires September 30, 2025. For more information on fees and eligibility for the AFV license plate, see the Georgia Department of Public Safety websites.

(Reference Georgia Code 32-9-4, 40-2-86.1, and 40-6-54)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Acquisition Requirement

The Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (Department) must evaluate the cost, efficiency, and commercial availability of alternative fuels for automotive purposes every five years, and purchase or convert to vehicles that operate using alternative fuels whenever practical. The Department may participate in joint ventures with public or private partners to foster the availability of alternative fuels for consumers.

(Reference Alaska Statutes 44.42.020)

Certified Technology Park Designation

The Indiana Economic Development Corporation (IDEC) may designate an area as a certified technology park if certain criteria are met, including a commitment from at least one business engaged in a high technology activity that creates a significant number of jobs. The establishment of high technology activities and public facilities within a technology park serves a public purpose and benefits the public's general welfare by encouraging investment, job creation and retention, and economic growth and diversity. High technology activities include advanced vehicles technology, which is any technology that involves electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or alternative fuel vehicles, or components used in the construction of these vehicles. For more information, see the IEDC Indiana Certified Technology Parks website. (Reference Indiana Code 36-7-32)

Alternative Fuel Technician Training

The Alternative Fuels Technician Certification Act (Act) regulates the training, testing, and certification of technicians and trainees who install, modify, repair, or renovate equipment used in alternative fueling infrastructure and in the conversion of any engine to operating on an alternative fuel. Alternative fuels include propane, natural gas, methanol, ethanol, electricity, hydrogen, biodiesel, and more. This includes original equipment manufacturer engines dedicated to operating on an alternative fuel. Electric vehicles (EVs), EV charging infrastructure, and EV technicians must also comply with the rules and regulations of this Act. (Reference Oklahoma Statutes 40-142.1 through 40-142.16)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Demonstration Grant Authorization

The Iowa Department of Natural Resources (Department) may award demonstration grants to individuals who purchase vehicles that operate on alternative fuels, including but not limited to E85, biodiesel, compressed natural gas, electricity, solar energy, or hydrogen. Individuals may use the grants to conduct research connected with the fuel or vehicle. Grant funding to purchase the vehicle is available if the Department retains the title of the vehicle, the vehicle is used for research, and the proceeds from the eventual sale of the vehicle are used for additional research. Grants are subject to funding availability. (Reference Iowa Code 214A.19)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Acquisition and Alternative Fuel Use Requirements

A state agency that operates a vehicle fleet consisting of 15 vehicles or more must ensure that at least 50% of new vehicles purchased over a defined biennial period are capable of operating using an alternative fuel. Excess acquisitions of AFVs may be credited towards future biennial goals. If a state agency fails to meet a biennial acquisition goal, purchases of any non-AFVs are not permitted until the goals are met or an exemption or goal reduction has been granted. In addition, 30% of the fuel purchased annually for use in operating state fleet vehicles must be alternative fuels.

(Reference Missouri Revised Statutes 414.4365and 414.407)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) Emissions Inspection Exemption

AFVs are exempt from Nevada's emissions testing requirements. A new HEV is exempt from emissions inspection testing for the first five model years, after which the vehicle must comply with emissions inspection testing requirements on an annual basis. For more information, see the Nevada Emissions Control Program website. (Reference Nevada Revised Statutes 445B.770 and 445B.825)

Alternative Fuel and Idle Reduction Grants

The North Carolina Department of Environment Quality (DEQ) provides grants to repower, replace, and convert eligible on- and off-road vehicles and equipment to alternative fuels and fuel-efficient technology. Equipment must be U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or California Air Resources Board verified. For more information, including a list of eligible technologies, see the DEQ Mobile Sources Emissions Reductions Grant website.

Clean Vehicle and Infrastructure Grants

The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) administers the Emissions Reduction Incentive Grants (ERIG) Program and Rebate Grants Program as part of the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan (TERP). The ERIG Program provides grants for various types of clean air projects to improve air quality in the state's nonattainment areas and other affected counties. Eligible projects include those that involve replacement, retrofit, repower, or lease or purchase of new heavy-duty vehicles; alternative fuel dispensing infrastructure; idle reduction and electrification infrastructure; and alternative fuel use. The Rebate Grants Program provides grants to upgrade or replace diesel heavy-duty vehicles and non-road equipment. Qualifying projects must reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides or other pollutants by at least 25% as compared to baseline levels and must meet operational and fuel usage requirements. For more information, including eligibility and the application form, see the TCEQ TERP website. (Reference Texas Statutes Health and Safety Code 386 and Texas Administrative Code 114.620-114.629)

Pollution Control Equipment Exemption

Dedicated original equipment manufacturer natural gas vehicles and all-electric vehicles are not required to be equipped with a certified pollution control system. (Reference Oregon Revised Statutes 815.300)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Research and Development Funding

The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority’s (NYSERDA) Clean Transportation Program provides funding for projects that enhance mobility, improve efficiency, reduce congestion, and diversify transportation methods and fuels through research and development of advanced technologies. NYSERDA offers annual solicitations that support new product development and demonstration as well as research on new transportation policies and strategies. NYSERDA also supports projects that demonstrate the benefits of commercially available products that are underutilized in New York State. Once developed, NYSERDA provides incentives to accelerate the market introduction of emerging technologies through its ChargeNY program. For more information and funding opportunities, see the NYSERDA Clean Transportation Program website.

Alternative Fuel Tax Exemption

A county, city, village, town, or other political subdivision may not levy or collect any excise, license, privilege, or occupational tax on motor vehicle fuel, alternative fuels, or the purchase, sale, handling, or consumption of motor vehicle fuel or alternative fuels.

(Reference Wisconsin Statutes 78.82)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Conversion

It is unlawful to tamper with vehicle emissions control systems unless the action is for the purpose of converting a motor vehicle to operate on an alternative fuel and is in compliance with the standards adopted under the Clean Air Act Amendments.

(Reference Ohio Revised Code 3704.16-3704.162)

High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) and High Occupancy Toll (HOT) Lane Exemption

Compressed natural gas, hydrogen, electric, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles meeting specified California and federal emissions standards and affixed with a California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) Clean Air Vehicle sticker may use HOV lanes regardless of the number of occupants in the vehicle. Purple stickers expire January 1, 2023; orange stickers expire January 1, 2024; blue stickers expire January 1, 2025; and yellow stickers expire September 30, 2025.

Residents with an annual income at or below 80% of California’s median income level may participate in the Income-Based CAV (IB-CAV) Decal Program, which allows used vehicles with previously issued CAV decals to retain eligibility for a CAV decal. IB-CAV decals are valid through January 1, 2024. Additional requirements apply.

The California Department of Transportation must publish a report by June 1, 2023, detailing the number of stickers issued under this program. Vehicles originally issued white, green, or red decals are no longer eligible to participate in this program. Vehicles with stickers are also eligible for reduced rates on or exemptions from toll charges imposed on HOT lanes. For more information and restrictions, including a list of qualifying vehicles and additional eligibility requirements, see the California Air Resources Board Carpool Stickers website.

(Reference California Vehicle Code 5205.5 and 21655.9)

Alternative Fuels Tax

Alternative fuels used to propel vehicles of any kind on public highways are taxed at a rate determined on a gasoline gallon equivalent basis. For more information, including applicable tax rates, see the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue Motor and Alternative Fuel Taxes website. Certain exemptions apply. (Re

(Reference Title 75 Pennsylvania Statutes, Part VI, Chapter 90, Section 9004)

Alternative Fuel Definition

Alternative fuels are defined as natural gas, propane, electricity, hydrogen, fuel mixtures containing not less than 85% ethanol or methanol, and fuel mixtures containing not less than 20% vegetable oil, or a water-phased hydrocarbon fuel emulsion in an amount not less than 20% by volume. Biodiesel is defined as a renewable, biodegradable, mono alkyl ester combustible liquid fuel that is derived from agricultural plant oils or animal fats and meets current ASTM pure biodiesel (B100) standards.

(Reference New Mexico Statutes 13-1B-2 and 57-19-27)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Parking Incentive

An individual driving a dedicated AFV may park without penalty in parking areas that are designated for carpool operators, provided the vehicle is using alternative fuel. Recognized alternative fuels include propane, natural gas, electricity, hydrogen, and a blend of hydrogen with propane or natural gas.

(Reference Arizona Revised Statutes 1-215 and 28-877)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Acquisition Goal

North Carolina established a goal that at least 75% of new or replacement state government light-duty cars and trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating of 8,500 pounds or less must be AFVs or low emission vehicles. (Reference North Carolina General Statutes 143-215.107C)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Exemption from Driving Restrictions

Certified clean fuel vehicles are exempt from time-of-day and day-of-week restrictions and commercial vehicle bans if the vehicles are part of a fleet that operates at least 10 vehicles in the District of Columbia. This exemption does not permit unrestricted access to High Occupancy Vehicle lanes, except for covered fleet vehicles that have been certified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as Inherently Low Emission Vehicles (ILEV) and are in compliance with applicable ILEV emission standards. (Reference District of Columbia Law L22-257, 2019, and District of Columbia Code 50-702 and 50-714)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Emissions Inspection Exemption

Dedicated AFVs powered by compressed natural gas, propane, electricity, or any other source as defined by the Michigan Department of Transportation are exempt from emissions inspection requirements.

(Reference Michigan Compiled Laws 324.6311 and 324.6512)

Low Emission or Alternative Fuel Bus Acquisition Requirement

All buses purchased by the New Jersey Transit Corporation (NJTC) must be: 1) equipped with improved pollution controls that reduce particulate emissions; or 2) powered by a fuel other than conventional diesel. Qualifying vehicles include compressed natural gas vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, vehicles operating on biodiesel or ultra-low sulfur fuel, or vehicles operating on any other bus fuel approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. If the NJTC is unable to meet the bus purchase requirement, the organization must submit a report to the New Jersey Senate and General Assembly detailing the reasons and the state legislature may grant an exemption.

(Reference New Jersey Statutes 27:1B-22)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Conversion Registration

When a motor vehicle is modified to use a different fuel type or more than one type of fuel, the vehicle's registered owner must notify the county treasurer of the new fuel type or alternative fuel types within 30 days. If the vehicle is able to use a special fuel, the county treasurer will issue a special fuel identification sticker. (Reference Iowa Code 321.41)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Dealer Information Dissemination Requirement

New motor vehicle dealers must make information about AFVs and Arizona-based incentives for purchasing or leasing AFVs available to the public. For the purpose of these requirements, alternative fuels include propane, natural gas, electricity, hydrogen, and a blend of hydrogen with propane or natural gas.

(Reference Arizona Revised Statutes 1-215 and 28-4414)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Parking Space Regulation

An individual is not allowed to stop, stand, or park a motor vehicle within any parking space specifically designated for parking and charging EVs unless the motor vehicle is an EV and has been issued an alternative fuel vehicle special plate or sticker. Violators may be subject to a civil penalty of at least $350.

(Reference Arizona Revised Statutes 28-876)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Emissions Inspection Exemption

Vehicles powered exclusively by electricity, including low-speed vehicles, hydrogen, or fuels other than gasoline that are exempt from motor vehicle emissions inspection under federal regulation, are exempt from state emissions inspection requirements. (Reference Missouri Revised Statutes 643.315)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Decal

The state motor fuel tax does not apply to passenger vehicles, certain buses, or commercial vehicles that are powered by an alternative fuel, if the vehicles obtain an AFV decal. Owners or operators of AFVs that also own or operate a personal fueling station must pay an annual alternative fuel decal fee, as listed below. Alternative fuel motor vehicles licensed as historic vehicles are exempt from the alternative fuel decal requirement.

(Reference Missouri Revised Statutes 142.803 and 142.869)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Acquisition Requirements

All school and government fleets may convert their vehicles to operate on alternative fuels, and all school districts should consider purchasing only vehicles able to operate on alternative fuels. Alternative fuels include natural gas, propane, ethanol, methanol, electricity, biodiesel, hydrogen, and more. School and government vehicles capable of operating on an alternative fuel must use the fuel whenever a fueling station is located within a five-mile radius of the respective school district or government department and the price of the alternative fuel is cost competitive with the displaced conventional fuel. If school and government vehicles must be fueled outside the five-mile radius and no fueling station is reasonably available, the school and government vehicles are exempt from this requirement. (Reference Oklahoma Statutes 74-130.2 and 74-130.3)

State Agency Alternative Fuel Use and Vehicle Acquisition Requirement

The Colorado Department of Personnel and Administration (DPA) requires all state-owned diesel vehicles and equipment to be fueled with a diesel blend of 20% biodiesel (B20), subject to the availability of the fuel and so long as the price differential is not greater than $0.10 more per gallon compared to conventional diesel. Biodiesel is defined as fuel composed of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from plant or animal matter that meets ASTM specifications and is produced in Colorado. DPA must increase the use of alternative fuels and establish objectives to increase its use for each succeeding year. DPA must purchase motor vehicles that operate on compressed natural gas (CNG), electric vehicles, or vehicles that operate on other alternative fuels, subject to the availability of vehicles and adequate fueling infrastructure and assuming the incremental base or life cycle cost of the vehicle is not more than 10% over the cost of a comparable dedicated conventional vehicle. Some vehicles may be exempt from this requirement if available alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) do not meet application requirements. On or before November 1 of each year, DPA must submit a report to the general assembly outlining vehicle purchases, including alternative fuel and conventional vehicles; alternative fueling infrastructure availability in the state; AFV purchase exemptions; administrative policies in place to facilitate the purchase of AFVs; suggested changes to facilitate the gradual conversion of the motor vehicle fleet to AFVs; and a plan for the necessary infrastructure development.

(Reference Executive Order D 2015-013, 2015 and Colorado Revised Statutes 24-30-1104)

Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) and Electric Vehicle (EV) Acquisition Requirements

The Vermont Department of Buildings and General Services (Department) must, to the extent possible, purchase or lease HEVs or EVs for state use. At least 50% of the vehicles purchased or leased annually must be HEVs or EVs. Beginning July 1, 2021, at least 75% of the vehicles purchased or leased annually must be HEVs or EVs. The Department must acquire the lowest-cost make and model that meets the State’s needs.

(Reference Vermont Statutes Title 29, Chapter 49, Section 903)

Alternative Fuel Tax Exemption

The retail sale, use, storage, and consumption of alternative fuels is exempt from the state retail sales and use tax.

(Reference North Carolina General Statutes 105-164.13 and 105-449.130)

Alternative Fuel and Vehicle Policy Development

The California Energy Commission (CEC) must prepare and submit an Integrated Energy Policy Report (IEPR) to the governor on a biannual basis. The IEPR provides an overview of major energy trends and issues facing the state, including those related to transportation fuels, technologies, and infrastructure. The IEPR also examines potential effects of alternative fuels use, vehicle efficiency improvements, and shifts in transportation modes on public health and safety, the economy, resources, the environment, and energy security. The IEPR’s primary purpose is to develop energy policies that conserve resources, protect the environment, ensure energy reliability, enhance the state’s economy, and protect public health and safety.

As of November 1, 2015, and every four years thereafter, the CEC must also include in the IEPR strategies to maximize the benefits of natural gas in various sectors. This includes the use of natural gas as a transportation fuel. For more information, see the 2020 Integrated Energy Policy Report.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25302 and 25303.5)

Mobile Source Emissions Reduction Requirements

Through its Mobile Sources Program, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) has developed programs and policies to reduce emissions from on-road heavy-duty diesel vehicles through the installation of verified diesel emission control strategies (VDECS) and vehicle replacements.

The on-road heavy-duty diesel vehicle rule (i.e., truck and bus regulation) requires the retrofit and replacement of nearly all privately owned vehicles operated in California with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) greater than 14,000 pounds (lbs.). School buses owned by private and public entities and federal government owned vehicles are also included in the scope of the rule. By January 1, 2023, nearly all vehicles must have engines certified to the 2010 engine standard or equivalent. The drayage truck rule regulates heavy-duty diesel-fueled vehicles that transport cargo to and from California’s ports and intermodal rail facilities. The rule requires that certain drayage trucks be equipped with VDECS and that all applicable vehicles have engines certified to the 2007 emissions standards. By January 1, 2023, all applicable vehicles must have engines certified to 2010 standards. The solid waste collection vehicle rule regulates solid waste collection vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 14,000 lbs. or more that operate on diesel fuel, have 1960 through 2006 engine models, and collect waste for a fee. The fleet rule for public agencies and utilities requires fleets to install VDECS on vehicles or purchase vehicles that run on alternative fuels or use advanced technologies to achieve emissions requirements by specified implementation dates.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, 2021-2027)

Provision for Establishment of Clean Fuel Vehicle Insurance Incentives

An insurer may credit or refund any portion of the premium charged for an insurance policy on a clean fuel vehicle in order to encourage its policyholders to use clean fuel vehicles, as long as insurance premiums on other vehicles are not increased to fund these credits or refunds. Clean fuels include, but are not limited to, natural gas, propane, hydrogen, alcohol fuels containing not less than 85% alcohol by volume, and electricity.

(Reference Maine Revised Statutes Title 24-A, Section 2303-B)

Alternative Fuel and Fuel-Efficient Vehicle Acquisition and Emissions Reduction Requirements

Cars and light-duty trucks purchased by state agencies must meet the following requirements:

• Have an average U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimated fuel economy of at least 40 miles per gallon;
• Comply with state fleet vehicle acquisition requirements set forth under the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct); and
• Obtain the best achievable fuel economy per pound of carbon dioxide emitted for the applicable vehicle classes.

Alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) that the state purchases to comply with these requirements must be capable of operating on an EPAct-defined alternative fuel that is available in the state.

In addition, all cars and light-duty trucks that the state purchases or leases must be hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, or capable of using alternative fuel. All AFVs purchased or leased must be certified to the California Air Resources Board’s (ARB) Ultra Low Emission Vehicle II (ULEV II) standard, and all light-duty gasoline vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles the state purchases or leases must be certified, at a minimum, to the California ARB ULEV II standard.

Beginning January 1, 2026, cars and light-duty trucks purchased by state agencies must meet the following electric vehicle (EV) acquisition goals:

• 50% of vehicle acquisitions must be EVs by 2026;
• 75% of vehicle acquisitions must be EVs by 2028; and,
• 100% of vehicle acquisitions must be EVs by 2030.

Lower EV maintenance costs must be considered when Connecticut Department of Administrative Services (DAS) leases vehicles to other state agencies. The DAS must report annually on the composition of the state fleet, including the volume of alternative fuels used. Beginning January 1, 2026, and annually thereafter, if procurement of light-duty cars and trucks purchased by the state does not meet the ZEV procurement requirements, DAS must submit an explanatory report to the General Assembly.

Vehicles that the Connecticut Department of Public Safety designates as necessary for the Department of Public Safety to carry out its mission are exempt from these provisions.

(Reference Connecticut General Statutes 4a-67d and Senate Bill 4, 2022)

Alternative Fuel Development Property Tax Exemption

Industrial property that is used for high-technology activities or the creation or synthesis of biodiesel fuel may be eligible for a tax exemption. High-technology activities include those related to advanced vehicle technologies such as electric, hybrid electric, or alternative fuel vehicles and their components. To qualify for the tax exemption, an industrial facility must obtain an exemption certificate for the property from the Michigan State Tax Commission.

(Reference Michigan Compiled Laws 207.552 and 207.803 through 207.809)

Zero Emissions Vehicle (ZEV) Tax Exemption

ZEVs sold, rented, or leased in New Jersey are exempt from state sales and use tax. This exemption does not apply to partial ZEVs, including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. ZEVs are defined as vehicles that meet California Air Resources Board zero emission standards for that model year. For a list of qualified ZEV, see the New Jersey Department of the Treasury ZEV Sales Tax Exemption website.

(Reference New Jersey Statutes 54:32B-8.55)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Rebate

The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) AFV Program offers rebates to assist eligible residents with the cost of the purchase or lease of new or qualifying pre-owned AFVs, including all-electric vehicles (EVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), compressed natural gas (CNG) vehicles, electric motorcycles, and propane vehicles. Applicants must meet income eligibility requirements for the program and eligible AFV purchase price not exceed $50,000. Rebates are available in the following amounts:

An additional rebate of $1,000 is available for all applicants that meet the low-income requirement, as defined by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Applications much be received within six months of vehicle purchase. Rebates are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis. For more information, including forms and detailed requirements and restrictions, see the DEP AFV Rebates website.

(Reference Title 73 Pennsylvania Statutes, Chapter 18E, Section 1647.3)

Alternative Fuels Tax and Reporting

Excise taxes on alternative fuels are imposed on a gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) basis. The tax rate for each alternative fuel type is based on the number of motor vehicles licensed in the state that use the specific fuel, not including vehicles the federal government owns or leases. The Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration (DFA) and the Arkansas State Highways and Transportation Department must prepare an annual report with the number of alternative fuel vehicles licensed in the state and the tax revenue generated. The DFA must establish the tax rate annually by April 1. Licensed alternative fuel suppliers must pay alternative fuel taxes for product dispensed, sold to a dealer or user, or used in a motor vehicle owned or operated by the alternative fuel supplier. Alternative fuel suppliers must prepare a monthly report on the number of GGEs of alternative fuels sold and possess a sufficient number of credits to cover the alternative fuel sales tax.

(Reference Arkansas Code 19-6-301, 26-56-502, 26-56-601, and 26-62-201 through 262-62-209)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Conversion Notification

Any individual or company who converts a vehicle to operate on an alternative fuel must report the conversion to the Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration (DFA) within 10 days of the conversion. An owner or operator who fails to report such a conversion may be subject to a penalty. For more information, including reporting forms, see the DFA website.

(Reference Arkansas Code 26-56-315 and 26-62-214)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Special License Plate

The Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) must issue a special license plate to dedicated AFVs. Dedicated AFVs include vehicles powered exclusively by propane, compressed natural gas, electricity, hydrogen, a blend of hydrogen with propane or natural gas. AFVs may not be capable of operating on any other fuel type. There is no limit to the number of AFV license plates ADOT can issue. The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) must inspect vehicles converted to operate solely on alternative fuel and issue an Alternative Fuel Certificate before converted vehicles may receive the AFV special plate. State or agency directors who conduct activities of a confidential nature and use AFVs are exempt from the requirement to display an AFV special license plate. For more information, see the ADOT Specialty Plates website.

(Reference Arizona Revised Statutes 1-215 and 28-2416)

Alternative Fuel and Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Use Tax Exemption

Arizona use taxes do not apply to natural gas or propane used in an AFV, AFVs converted to operate on alternative fuels, or the equipment used to convert a diesel vehicle to an AFV. Recognized alternative fuels include propane, natural gas, electricity, hydrogen, and a blend of hydrogen with propane or natural gas.

(Reference Arizona Revised Statutes 1-215 and 42-5159)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Registration

Upon registering a motor vehicle with the Colorado Department of Revenue Division of Motor Vehicles, the vehicle owner must report the type of alternative fuel used to operate the vehicle and whether the vehicle is dedicated to one alternative fuel or uses more than one fuel. The Department of Revenue provides forms for the purpose of registering motor vehicles and must include space for the following fuel types: gasoline, diesel, propane, electricity, natural gas, methanol/M85, ethanol/E85, biodiesel, and other. For more information, see the Colorado Department of Revenue Division of Motor Vehicles website.

(Reference Colorado Revised Statutes 42-3-113)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Tax Credit

For tax years beginning before December 31, 2028, a one-time income tax credit is available for up to $50,000 towards the cost of purchasing a new original equipment manufacturer AFV or converting a vehicle to operate on an alternative fuel. Tax credit amounts vary depending in the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of the vehicle:

The state also provides a tax credit of 10% of the total vehicle cost, up to $1,500, if the incremental cost of a new AFV cannot be determined or when an AFV is resold, as long as a tax credit has not been previously taken on the vehicle. Equipment used for conversions must be new, not previously used to modify or retrofit any vehicle, meet applicable federal and state safety standards, and must be installed by a state certified alternative fuels equipment technician. Eligible alternative fuels include natural gas, propane, electric, and hydrogen. Tax credits may be carried forward for up to five years.

(Reference Senate Bill 1857, 2022 and Oklahoma Statutes 68-2357.22)

Alternative Fueling Infrastructure Tax Credit

For tax years beginning before December 31, 2028, a tax credit is available for up to 45% of the cost of installing commercial alternative fueling infrastructure. Eligible alternative fuels include natural gas, propane, hydrogen, and electricity. The infrastructure must be new and not previously installed or used to fuel alternative fuel vehicles. A tax credit is also available for up to 50% of the cost of installing a residential propane, compressed natural gas, or liquefied natural gas fueling system for noncommercial purposes, up to $2,500. The tax credit may be carried forward for up to five years.

(Reference Senate Bill 1857, 2022 and Oklahoma Statutes 68-2357.22)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) and Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Acquisition Requirements

To reduce fuel consumption and pollution emissions, and purchase vehicles that provide the best value on a life cycle cost basis, the state must take the following actions:

• At least 75% of state motor vehicle acquisitions must be AFVs, and the remaining 25% must be HEVs to the greatest extent possible. By 2025, 25% of state motor vehicle acquisitions must be ZEVs;
• All new light-duty trucks in the state fleet must achieve a minimum city fuel economy of 19 miles per gallon (mpg) and achieve at least a Low Emission Vehicle certification, and all new passenger vehicles in the state fleet must achieve a minimum city fuel economy of 23 mpg;
• All state agencies must purchase the most economical, fuel-efficient, and lowest emission vehicles appropriate to meet requirements and discourage the purchase of sport utility vehicles;
• All state agencies must purchase low rolling resistance tires with superior tread life for state vehicles when possible; and
• All state vehicles must be maintained according to manufacturer specifications, including specified tire pressures and ratings.

The state must also prepare an annual report to the governor on compliance with these goals.

(Reference Executive Order 15-17 and Executive Order 05-13, 2005)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Title Excise Tax Exemption

Qualified EVs are exempt from the excise tax imposed on an original certificate of title. The original purchaser and subsequent purchasers of the same vehicle are eligible for the excise tax exemption. The District of Columbia Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) determines which EVs qualify. For more information, including eligible EVs, see the District of Columbia Department of Motor Vehicles website. (Reference District of Columbia Code 50-2201.03(j)(3)(J))

Alternative Fuel and Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Fund

The North Carolina State Energy Office administers the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) Credit Banking and Selling Program, which enables the state to generate funds from the sale of EPAct 1992 credits. The funds that EPAct credit sales generate are deposited into the Alternative Fuel Revolving Fund (Fund) for state agencies to offset the incremental costs of purchasing biodiesel blends of at least 20% (B20) or ethanol blends of at least 85% (E85), developing alternative fueling infrastructure, and purchasing AFVs and hybrid electric vehicles. Funds are distributed to state departments, institutions, and agencies in proportion to the number of EPAct credits generated by each. For the purposes of this program, alternative fuels include 100% biodiesel (B100), biodiesel blends of at least B20, ethanol blends of at least E85, compressed natural gas, propane, and electricity. The Fund also covers additional projects approved by the Energy Policy Council. (Reference North Carolina General Statutes 143-58.4, 143-58.5, 143-341, and 136-28.13)

Alternative Fuel Use and Fuel-Efficient Vehicle Requirements

State-owned vehicle fleets must implement petroleum displacement plans to increase the use of alternative fuels and fuel-efficient vehicles. Reductions may be met by petroleum displaced through the use of biodiesel, ethanol, other alternative fuels, the use of hybrid electric vehicles, other fuel-efficient or low emission vehicles, or additional methods the North Carolina Division of Energy, Mineral and Land Resources approves. (Reference Session Law 2013-265, Section 19.5(a))

Fleet Vehicle Procurement Requirements

When awarding a vehicle procurement contract, every city, county, and special district, including school and community college districts, may require that 75% of the passenger cars and/or light-duty trucks acquired be energy-efficient vehicles. This includes hybrid electric vehicles and alternative fuel vehicles that meet California’s advanced technology partial zero emission vehicle standards. Vehicle procurement contract evaluations may consider fuel economy and life cycle factors for scoring purposes.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25725-25726)

Fuel-Efficient and Alternative Fuel Vehicle Use

The State Bureau of Fleet Management (Bureau), operated through the Mississippi Department of Finance and Administration, coordinates and promotes fuel efficiency when state agencies purchase, lease, rent, acquire, use, maintain, and dispose of vehicles. The Bureau encourages state agencies to use fuel-efficient or hybrid electric vehicles as appropriate and, when feasible, use alternative fuels, including ethanol, biodiesel, natural gas, or electricity, to operate the vehicles. At least 75% of all vehicles titled under the Bureau must have a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimated fuel economy rating of at least 40 miles per gallon for highway driving.

(Reference Mississippi Code 25-1-77)

State Energy Plan

Virginia Energy is responsible for creating the Virginia Energy Plan (Plan) to assess the commonwealth’s primary energy sources and recommends actions to meet state energy goals. The Plan must include policies to promote alternative fuel use, transportation electrification, efficient driving techniques, and reducing vehicle miles traveled. The Plan must assess statewide electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure and consider the impact of statewide policies, EV market projections, and statewide EV registration data to support the state’s 2045 net-zero carbon target in the transportation sector. Virginia Energy must submit the Plan to the governor, the State Corporation Commission, and the General Assembly by October 1 of each year following the election of a new governor. For more information, see the 2018 Virginia Energy Plan, 2022 Virginia Energy Plan, and the Virginia Energy Energy Efficiency website.

(Reference Virginia Code 67-203)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Procurement Preference

In determining the lowest responsible qualified bidder for the award of state contracts, the Connecticut Department of Administrative Services may give a price preference of up to 10% for the purchase of AFVs or for the purchase of conventional vehicles plus the conversion equipment to convert the vehicles to dual or dedicated alternative fuel use. For these purposes, alternative fuels include natural gas, hydrogen, propane, or electricity used to operate a motor vehicle.

(Reference Connecticut General Statutes 4a-59)

Alternative Fuel Standard Development

The state of Hawaii is responsible for facilitating the development of alternative fuels and supporting the attainment of a statewide alternative fuels standard. According to this standard, alternative fuels will provide 20% of highway fuel demand by 2020 and 30% by 2030. For the purposes of the alternative fuels standard, cellulosic ethanol is equivalent to 2.5 gallons of non-cellulosic ethanol.

(Reference Hawaii Revised Statutes 196-42)

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) Initiatives

All solicitation documents that include the purchase of passenger automobiles issued under the jurisdiction of the Minnesota Department of Administration must assert the intention of the state to begin purchasing all-electric vehicles (EVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), neighborhood electric vehicles, and natural gas vehicles (NGVs). For this requirement to apply, vehicles must meet the state’s performance specifications and have a total life-cycle cost of ownership less than or comparable to that of gasoline-powered vehicles.

An EV is defined as a motor vehicle that can be powered by an electric motor drawing current from rechargeable storage batteries, fuel cells, or other portable sources of electrical current, and meets or exceeds applicable requirements in Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, section 571, and future regulations. A PHEV is defined as an EV that contains an internal combustion engine and uses a battery-powered electric motor to deliver power to the drive wheels. When connected to the electrical grid via an electrical outlet, the vehicle must be able to recharge its battery. The vehicle must have the ability to travel at least 20 miles powered substantially by electricity. An NGV is defined as motor vehicle that is capable of being propelled by natural gas, including compressed natural gas and liquefied natural gas.

(Reference Minnesota Statutes 16C.138 and 169.011)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Tax Exemption Authorization - Warren

The town of Warren may allow excise tax exemptions of up to $100 for qualified AFVs registered in Warren. Qualified vehicles must be primarily fueled with one of the following: an electric motor drawing current from rechargeable batteries or fuel cells; gas produced from biomass, where biomass is defined as any organic material other than oil, natural gas, and coal; liquid, gaseous or solid synthetic fuels produced from coal; or coke or coke gas.

(Reference Rhode Island General Laws 44-34-14)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) and Fueling Infrastructure Grants

The Motor Vehicle Registration Fee Program (Program) provides funding for projects that reduce air pollution from on- and off-road vehicles. Eligible projects include purchasing AFVs and developing alternative fueling infrastructure. For more information, including grant funding and distribution, contact local air districts and see the Program website for more information about available grant funding and distribution from the Program.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44220 (b))

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Rate Reduction - SCE

Southern California Edison (SCE) offers a discounted electricity rate to customers that own or lease an EV. Two rate schedules are available for EV charging during on- and off-peak hours. For more information, see the SCE EV Plans website.

Vehicle Battery and Engine Research Tax Credits

A corporation involved in qualified research is eligible for a tax credit equal to 11.5% of the qualified research expenses that the corporation incurs in Wisconsin during the taxable year. Qualified research includes, but is not limited to, automotive batteries for use in hybrid electric vehicles that improve the efficiency of electricity use, and research related to designing internal combustion engines for vehicles, including expenses related to designing vehicles that are powered by such engines and improving production processes for such engines and vehicles. For the purpose of the tax credit, internal combustion engines include fuel cell, electric, and hybrid electric vehicles. Corporations may claim an additional tax credit equal to 5% of the amount paid or incurred during the taxable year to construct and equip new facilities or expand existing facilities used in Wisconsin for qualified research. For more information see the Wisconsin Department of Revenue Research Credits website

(Reference 71.28(4)(ab)(2), 71.28(4)(ad), and 71.28(5)(ad))

Alternative Fuel Tax Refund for Taxis

A person using alternative fuel to operate a taxi used to transport passengers may be reimbursed for the cost of the Wisconsin state fuel tax. Refund claims must be filed within one year of the fuel purchase date and must be for a minimum of 100 gallons of alternative fuel.

(Reference Wisconsin Statutes 78.75(1m)(a)(1) and 78.75(1m)(b))

Diesel Emissions Reduction Grant Program

The Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (Ohio EPA) provides Diesel Emissions Reduction Grants (DERG) for projects that reduce emissions by retiring and replacing diesel public transit buses. Eligible projects must achieve a minimum funding match of 20% from non-state and non-federal sources. Funding for this program is provided by the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration’s Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement (CMAQ) Program. For more information, including application periods, see the Ohio EPA DERG website.

(Reference Ohio Revised Code 122.861)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Acquisition and Fuel Use Requirements

With the exception of law enforcement vehicles, all newly acquired state agency vehicles must be capable of using an alternative fuel and must use the relevant alternative fuel if it is reasonably priced and available. Alternative fuel is defined as any fuel containing 85% or more ethanol (E85), fuel blends containing at least 20% biodiesel (B20), natural gas, propane, hydrogen, electricity, or any other fuel that the U.S. Department of Energy has determined is substantially not petroleum. State agencies must also meet the annual average fuel economy requirement set by the Ohio Department of Administrative Services on all passenger automobiles purchased. Law enforcement and emergency rescue work vehicles are exempt from this requirement. The Office of the Ohio Treasurer established a biodiesel revolving fund in which funds appropriated by the Ohio General Assembly can be used to pay for the incremental cost of biodiesel used in state owned or leased diesel vehicles.

(Reference Ohio Revised Code 125.831-125.836)

Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle System Manufacturing Incentive

The Alternative Energy Product Manufacturers Tax Credit provides credit against combined reporting taxes (gross receipts, compensating, and withholding) for qualified manufacturers of alternative energy products, including hydrogen and fuel cell vehicle systems, and electric and hybrid electric vehicles. The credit is limited to 5% of qualifying expenditures, and manufacturers must fulfill job creation requirements to be eligible. Qualified manufacturers must apply for and receive approval from the New Mexico Taxation and Revenue Department before they may claim the credit. For more information, including eligibility and application details, refer to the New Mexico’s Industry-Specific Tax Incentives website. (Reference New Mexico Statutes 7-9J-1 through 7-9J-8)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV), Idle Reduction Technologies, and Diesel Retrofits Funding

The Clean Fuel Advanced Technology (CFAT) project provides grant funding to reduce transportation-related emissions for areas in nonattainment with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. A project that is adjacent to these areas may also be eligible for funding if the project will reduce emissions in eligible counties. For more information, including current requests for proposals, see the CFAT website.

Joint Use of Government Fueling Infrastructure

To the extent practical, an Arizona state agency or political subdivision that operates an alternative fueling station must allow vehicles, other state agencies, or political subdivisions to fuel at the station. For the purpose of this requirement, alternative fuels include propane, natural gas, electricity, hydrogen, and a blend of hydrogen with propane or natural gas.

(Reference Arizona Revised Statutes 1-215 and 49-572)

State Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Infrastructure Availability

Publicly and privately owned EVs may charge at state office locations if the vehicles are used for state business, conducting business with the state, or as commuter vehicles. Additionally, contingent upon funding, the state must install electrical outlets suitable for charging EVs in each of the state’s fleet parking and maintenance facilities as well as every state-operated highway rest stop. The Washington Department of Enterprise Services may report to the governor and the legislature on the amount of electricity consumed and the number of EVs using state-owned charging equipment if it represents a significant cost to the state.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 43.01.250, 43.19.648, and 47.38.075)

Alternative Fuel Use Requirement

All state agencies must, to the extent practicable, use 100% biofuels or electricity to operate all publicly owned vehicles. Agencies must prioritize all-electric vehicles (EVs) when leasing or purchasing new vehicles, and all trips that may feasibly use EVs must employ them. For vehicle classes without EV model options, agencies must prioritize the most cost-efficient, low-emission vehicle option available. Agencies may substitute natural gas or propane for electricity or biofuel if the Washington State Department of Commerce (Department) determines that electricity and biofuel are not reasonably available. Practicability and measures of compliance are defined in rules adopted by the Department. The governor has established a cross-agency Governing Council, which must adopt and implement standards, measures, targets, and tools to support agencies in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and prioritizing EV adoption.

In addition, all local government agencies must, to the extent practicable, use 100% biofuels or electricity to operate all publicly owned vehicles. Transit agencies using compressed natural gas and engine retrofits that would void vehicle warranties are exempt from this requirement. To allow the motor vehicle fuel needs of state and local government to be satisfied by Washington-produced biofuels, the Washington Department of Enterprise Services and local governments may contract in advance and execute contracts with public or private producers and suppliers for the purchase of appropriate biofuels. Agencies may substitute natural gas or propane in vehicles if the Department determines that biofuels and electricity are not reasonably available. Practicability and measures of compliance are defined in rules adopted by the Department.

(Reference Executive Order 18-01, 2018, Revised Code of Washington 43.19.647 and 43.19.648, and Washington Administrative Code 194-28 and 194-29)

Vehicle Research and Development Grants

The Indiana 21st Century Research and Technology Fund provides grants and loans to support economic development in high technology industry clusters. Incentives are available for qualified alternative fuel technologies and fuel-efficient vehicle development and production. For more information, see the Indiana Venture Development website. (Reference Indiana Code 5-28-16-2)

Alternative Fuel Production Tax Credits

The High Quality Jobs Program offers state tax incentives to business projects for the production of biomass or alternative fuels. Incentives may include an investment tax credit equal to a percentage of the qualifying investment, amortized over five years; a refund of state sales, service, or use taxes paid to contractors or subcontractors during construction; an increase of the state's refundable research activities credit; and a local property tax exemption of up to 100% of the value added to the property. For more information, refer to the High Quality Jobs Program website. (Reference Iowa Code 15.335 and 422.10)

Alternative Fuel and Fuel-Efficient Vehicle Acquisition and Use Requirements

The Tennessee Department of General Services must ensure that at least 25% of newly purchased passenger motor vehicles procured for use in areas designated as ozone nonattainment areas are all-electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), natural gas vehicles (NGVs), or propane powered vehicles, provided that such vehicles are available at the time of procurement. If these vehicles are not available, conventional gasoline vehicles achieving an average fuel economy of at least 25 miles per gallon (mpg) may satisfy the requirement. In areas not designated as ozone nonattainment areas, at least 25% of newly purchased passenger motor vehicles must be EVs, HEVs, NGVs, propane powered vehicles, or conventional gasoline vehicles achieving an average fuel economy of at least 25 mpg. For non-passenger vehicles, state fleets must make a reasonable effort to purchase at least 5% of these vehicles as natural gas or propane vehicles.

State fleets must make every effort to ensure that 100% of newly purchased motor vehicles are energy-efficient vehicles. Energy-efficient vehicles are defined as passenger vehicles that use alternative fuels, as defined by the Energy Policy Act of 1992; HEVs; conventional gasoline vehicles achieving an average fuel economy of at least 25 mpg; or vehicles powered by ultra-low sulfur diesel achieving an average fuel economy of at least 30 mpg. Additionally, state agencies should use ethanol and biodiesel in appropriate state-owned vehicles whenever possible and support the development of biofuels fueling infrastructure.

The Tennessee Department of General Services must inventory the state’s passenger vehicle fleet and prepare annual progress reports that outline the fleet’s cost savings, pollution avoidance, and petroleum displacement.

(Reference Tennessee Code 4-3-1109)

School Bus Emissions Reduction

Each full-sized school bus with a Model Year (MY) 1994 or newer engine must be equipped with specific emissions control systems, including either: a closed crankcase filtration system and a level 1, level 2, or level 3 device; an engine that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has certified as meeting MY 2007 emissions standards; or use of compressed natural gas or other alternative fuel that EPA or the California Air Resources Board has certified to reduce particulate matter emissions by at least 85% as compared to ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel. Beginning January 1, 2035, school districts may only purchase zero-emission school buses, and all school buses in Connecticut must be zero emission by 2040. School districts within environmental justice communities as of July 1, 2022, must transition to zero emission buses by January 1, 2030. School districts may enter zero-emission school bus contracts for 10 year periods.

(Reference Connecticut General Statutes 14-164o and Senate Bill 4, 2022)

Funds for School District Alternative Fuel Use

A portion of any penalty assessed for violations of air pollution control laws must be deposited in the county school district fund where the violation occurred. The local air pollution control board must approve expenditures from the fund, which are limited to education programs on topics relating to air quality and projects to improve air quality, including the purchase and installation of equipment to retrofit district school buses to operate on biodiesel, compressed natural gas, or a similar fuel that reduces emissions. (Reference Nevada Revised Statutes 445B.500)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) and Fueling Infrastructure Loans

The Nebraska Energy Office administers the Dollar and Energy Saving Loan Program, which makes low-cost loans available for a variety of alternative fuel projects, including the replacement of conventional vehicles with AFVs; the purchase of new AFVs; the conversion of conventional vehicles to operate on alternative fuels; and the construction or purchase of fueling stations or equipment. The maximum loan amount is $500,000 per borrower, and the interest rate is 5% or less. For more information, see the Dollar and Energy Saving Loans website.

High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lane Exemption

Through the Clean Pass Program, eligible electric-drive vehicles may use the Long Island Expressway (LIE) HOV lanes, regardless of the number of occupants in the vehicle. Vehicles must display the Clean Pass vehicle sticker, which is available from the New York State Department of Motor Vehicles. To apply for the Clean Pass vehicle sticker, visit the Clean Pass Stickers for HOV Lanes on the LIE website. This exemption expires September 30, 2025. For more information, including a list of eligible vehicles and Clean Pass sticker application instructions, see the Clean Pass Program website.

Alternative Fuel and Vehicle Incentives

The California Energy Commission (CEC) administers the Clean Transportation Program (Program) to provide financial incentives for businesses, vehicle and technology manufacturers, workforce training partners, fleet owners, consumers, and academic institutions with the goal of developing and deploying alternative and renewable fuels and advanced transportation technologies. Funding areas include:

• Electric vehicles and charging infrastructure;
• Hydrogen vehicles and refueling infrastructure;
• Medium- and heavy-duty zero emission vehicles;
• Natural gas vehicles and refueling infrastructure;
• Biofuels; and,
• Workforce development.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44272 - 44273 and California Code of Regulations, Title 13, Chapter 8.1)

Advanced Vehicle Acquisition and Biodiesel Fuel Use Requirement

All gasoline-powered vehicles purchased with state funds must be flex fuel vehicles (FFVs) or fuel-efficient hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). FFVs are defined as automobiles or light trucks that operate on either gasoline or 85% ethanol (E85) fuel. Fuel-efficient HEVs are defined as automobiles or light trucks that use a gasoline or diesel engine and an electric motor to provide power and that gain at least a 20% increase in combined U.S. Environmental Protection Agency city-highway fuel economy over a comparable conventionally-powered model. Any vehicle purchased with state funds that is fueled with diesel fuel must be certified by the manufacturer to run on 5% biodiesel (B5) fuel.

15% of all vehicles purchased with state funds must be fueled by electricity, natural gas, or liquefied petroleum gas, with the exception of Department of Corrections, Department of State Police patrol, and Secretary of State vehicles. Additional exemptions may apply.

The Chief Procurement Officer may determine that certain vehicle procurements are exempt from these requirements based on intended use or other reasonable considerations such as health and safety of Illinois citizens.

(Reference 30 Illinois Compiled Statutes 500/25-75)

Clean Transportation Promotion

The state of Hawaii has signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the U.S. Department of Energy to collaborate to produce 70% of the state’s energy needs from energy-efficient and renewable sources by 2030 and 100% of the state’s energy needs from energy-efficient and renewable sources by 2045. This effort is part of the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative. The goals of the partnership include defining the structural transformation required to transition the state to a clean energy-dominated economy; demonstrating and fostering innovation in the use of clean energy, including alternative fuels and advanced vehicle technologies; creating opportunities for the widespread distribution of clean energy benefits; establishing an open learning model for other states and entities to adopt; and building a workforce with cross-cutting skills to support a clean energy economy in the state. For more information, see the MOU and Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative website.

(Reference Hawaii Revised Statutes 196-10.5)

State Agency Preference for Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicles

State agencies purchasing motor vehicles must give preference to hybrid, plug-in hybrid electric, all-electric, biodiesel, hydrogen, fuel cell, or flexible fuel vehicles when the performance, quality, and anticipated life cycle costs are comparable to other available motor vehicles.

(Reference South Carolina Code of Laws 1-11-310)

State Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Acquisition Requirements

When purchasing new motor vehicles, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts must purchase HEVs or AFVs to the maximum extent feasible and consistent with the ability of such vehicles to perform their intended functions. HEVs and AFVs must be acquired at a rate of at least 5% annually for all new motor vehicle purchases so that not less than 50% of the motor vehicles the Commonwealth owns and operates will be HEVs or AFVs by 2018.

State fleets must also acquire AFVs according to the requirements of the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992 and the Massachusetts Office of Vehicle Management (OVM) must approve any light-duty vehicle acquisition. All agencies must purchase the most economical, fuel-efficient, and low emission vehicles appropriate to their mission. OVM, in collaboration with the Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources, will set new minimum standards for vehicle fuel economy and work with agencies to acquire vehicles that provide the best value for the Commonwealth on a total cost of ownership basis.

By July 1 of each year, OVM must compile a report detailing the progress made towards these requirements.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 7, Section 9A)

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Rate Reduction - PG&E

Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) offers discounted residential time-of-use rates for electricity used to charge EVs during off-peak hours. Discounted rates are also available for CNG or uncompressed natural gas used in vehicle home fueling appliances. For more information, see the PG&E EV Rate Plans and CNG for Vehicles websites.

Alternative Fuel and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Retrofit Regulations

Converting a vehicle to operate on an alternative fuel in lieu of the original gasoline or diesel fuel is prohibited unless the California Air Resources Board (CARB) has evaluated and certified the retrofit system. CARB will issue certification to the manufacturer of the system in the form of an Executive Order once the manufacturer demonstrates compliance with the emissions, warranty, and durability requirements. A manufacturer is defined as a person or company who manufactures or assembles an alternative fuel retrofit system for sale in California; this definition does not include individuals wishing to convert vehicles for personal use. Individuals interested in converting their vehicles to operate on an alternative fuel must ensure that the alternative fuel retrofit systems used for their vehicles have been CARB certified. For more information, see the CARB Alternative Fuel Retrofit Systems website.

A hybrid electric vehicle that is Model Year 2000 or newer and is a passenger car, light-duty truck, or medium-duty vehicle may be converted to incorporate off-vehicle charging capability if the manufacturer demonstrates compliance with emissions, warranty, and durability requirements. CARB issues certification to the manufacturer and the vehicle must meet California emissions standards for the model year of the original vehicle.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 2030-2032 and California Vehicle Code 27156)

Vehicle Acquisition and Petroleum Reduction Requirements

The California Department of General Services (DGS) is responsible for maintaining specifications and standards for passenger cars and light-duty trucks that are purchased or leased for state office, agency, and department use. These specifications include minimum vehicle emissions standards and encourage the purchase or lease of fuel-efficient and alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). Specifically, DGS must reduce or displace the fleet’s consumption of petroleum products by 20% by January 1, 2020, as compared to the 2003 consumption level. Beginning in fiscal year 2024, DGS must also ensure that at least 50% of the light-duty vehicles purchased by the state are zero emission vehicles (ZEVs). Further, at least 15% of DGS’ fleet of new vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 19,000 pounds or more must be ZEVs by 2025, and at least 30% by 2030.

On an annual basis, DGS must compile information including, but not limited to, the number of AFVs and hybrid electric vehicles acquired, the locations of the alternative fuel pumps available for those vehicles, and the total amount of alternative fuels used. Vehicles the state owns or leases that are capable of operating on alternative fuel must operate on that fuel unless the alternative fuel is not available. DGS is also required to:

• Take steps to transfer vehicles between agencies and departments to ensure that the most fuel-efficient vehicles are used and to eliminate the least fuel-efficient vehicles from the state’s motor vehicle fleet;
• Submit annual progress reports to the California Department of Finance, related legislative committees, and the general public via the DGSwebsite;
• Encourage other agencies to operate AFVs on the alternative fuel for which they are designed, to the extent feasible;
• Encourage the development of commercial fueling infrastructure at or near state vehicle fueling or parking sites;
• Work with other agencies to incentivize and promote state employee use of AFVs through preferential or reduced-cost parking, access to electric vehicle charging, or other means, to the extent feasible; and
• Establish a more stringent fuel economy standard than the 2007 standard.

Beginning January 1, 2024, DGS must develop criteria to evaluate commercial car rental service contracts based on the number of ZEVs or PHEVs available in the service’s fleet.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25722.5-25722.11, and 25724)

Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) Standards

California’s LEV II exhaust emissions standards apply to Model Year (MY) 2004 and subsequent model year passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles meeting specified exhaust standards. The LEV II standards represent the maximum exhaust emissions for LEVs, Ultra LEVs, and Super Ultra LEVs, including flexible fuel, bi-fuel, and dual-fuel vehicles when operating on an alternative fuel. MY 2009 and subsequent model year passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles must meet specified fleet average greenhouse gas (GHG) exhaust emissions requirements. Each manufacturer must comply with these fleet average GHG requirements, which are based on California Air Resources Board (CARB) calculations. Bi-fuel, flexible fuel, dual-fuel, and grid-connected hybrid electric vehicles may be eligible for an alternative compliance method.

In December 2012, CARB finalized regulatory requirements, referred to as LEV III, which allow vehicle manufacturer compliance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s GHG requirements for MY 2017-2025 to serve as compliance with California’s adopted GHG emissions requirements for those same model years.

In August 2022, CARB approved LEV IV standards, which updates regulations for light- and medium-duty internal combustion engine vehicles by reducing allowable exhaust emissions and emissions caused by evaporation. LEV IV also changes the calculation procedure for new vehicle fleet-average emissions and prohibits zero emissions vehicles from being considered in fleet-average emissions calculations by MY 2029.

For more information, see the CARB LEV website for more information.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 1961-1961.3)

Clean Vehicle Acquisition Requirements

Each state entity must purchase or lease a clean energy vehicle, unless the Indiana Department of Administration (Department) determines that the purchase or lease of the vehicle is inappropriate for its intended use, or the purchase or lease would cost 20% more than a comparable non-clean energy vehicle. Additional exemptions apply. A clean energy vehicle is defined as a vehicle that operates on one or more alternative energy sources, including a rechargeable energy storage system, electricity, ethanol, biodiesel, hydrogen, natural gas, and propane. Each state entity must annually submit to the Department information regarding its use of clean energy vehicles. (Reference Indiana Code 5-22-5-8.5)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Promotion and Infrastructure Development

Any regional transportation planning organization containing a county with a population greater than one million must collaborate with state and local governments to promote EV use, invest in EV charging infrastructure, and seek federal or private funding for these efforts. Collaborative planning efforts may include:

• Developing short- and long-term plans outlining how state, regional, and local governments may construct electric vehicle supply equipment locations and ensure that the infrastructure can be electrically supported;
• Supporting public education and training programs on EVs;
• Developing an implementation plan for counties with a population greater than 500,000 to have 10% of public and private parking spaces ready for EV charging by December 31, 2018; and
• Developing model ordinances and guidance for local governments for site assessment and installing EV infrastructure.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 47.80.090)

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) Infrastructure and Battery Tax Credit

Public lands used for installing, maintaining, and operating EV chargers are exempt from leasehold excise taxes. Additionally, the state sales and use taxes do not apply to EV and FCEV batteries or fuel cells; labor and services for installing, repairing, altering, or improving EV and FCEV batteries fuel cells, or EV and FCEV infrastructure; the sale of property used for EV and hydrogen fueling infrastructure; and the sale of zero emission buses.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 82.29A.125, 82.08.816, and 82.12.816)

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Battery Exchange Station Regulations

State and local governments may lease land for installing, maintaining, and operating EV charging stations or electric vehicle battery exchange stations for up to 50 years for at least $1 per year. Additionally, the installation of battery charging and exchange stations is categorically exempt from the Washington Environmental Policy Act.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 79.13.100 and 43.21C.410)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Infrastructure Definitions

EV infrastructure is defined as structures, machinery, and equipment necessary and integral to support a EV, including battery charging stations, rapid charging stations, and battery exchange stations. A battery charging station is defined as an electrical component assembly or cluster of component assemblies designed specifically to charge batteries within a EV. A rapid charging station is defined as an industrial grade electrical outlet that allows for faster recharging of EV batteries through higher power levels. A battery exchange station is defined as a fully automated facility that will enable a EV with a swappable battery to enter a drive lane and exchange the depleted battery with a fully charged battery through a fully automated process. Infrastructure must meet or exceed any applicable state building standards, codes, and regulations.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 19.27.540, 19.28.281, and 47.80.090)

Local Government Electric Vehicle (EV) Infrastructure Requirements

Jurisdictions must develop regulations to allow the use of EV infrastructure and battery charging stations in all areas except critical areas or areas zoned for residential or resource use. The Washington Department of Commerce included a model ordinance, development regulations, and guidance for local governments for site assessment and installing EV infrastructure in Electric Vehicle Infrastructure: A Guide for Local Governments in Washington State. This requirement applies to jurisdictions that meet specific location criteria and is contingent upon federal funding. Additionally, cities or municipalities may adopt incentive programs to encourage retrofitting of existing structures capable of charging EVs.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 35.63.126, 35.63.127, 35A.63.107, 36.70.695, 36.70A.695, and 43.31.970)

Fuel-Efficient Green Fleets Policy and Fleet Management Program Development

The Alabama Legislature established a Green Fleets Review Committee (Committee) and Green Fleets Policy (Policy) outlining a procurement procedure for state vehicles based on criteria that includes fuel economy and life cycle costing. State fleet managers must classify their vehicle inventory for compliance with the Policy and submit annual plans for procuring fuel-efficient vehicles. These plans must reflect a 4% annual increase in average fleet fuel economy for light-duty vehicles, a 3% annual increase in average fleet fuel economy for medium-duty vehicles, and a 2% annual increase in average fleet fuel economy for heavy-duty vehicles per fiscal year. Government entities must manage and operate their fleets in a manner that is energy efficient, minimizes emissions, and reduces petroleum dependency by using specified proven technology the Committee identifies.

(Reference Code of Alabama 41-17A-1 through 41-17A-6)

Access to State Alternative Fueling Stations

The Oklahoma Office of Management and Enterprise Services (OMES) Fleet Management Division may construct, install, acquire, operate, and provide alternative fueling infrastructure where public access to alternative fuel infrastructure is not readily available. OMES must discontinue public access to their fueling stations if a privately owned alternative fueling station opens within a five-mile radius. Alternative fuels include natural gas, propane, ethanol, methanol, biodiesel, electricity, and hydrogen. (Reference Oklahoma Statutes 74-78 and 74-130.2)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Parking Requirement

All parking facilities that are available for use by the general public and include at least 100 parking spaces must designate at least one parking space specifically for EVs, provided that no parking spaces required by the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines are reduced or displaced. Spaces must be clearly marked and equipped with EV charging stations. All EV charging stations installed must be Level 2 or direct current fast charging (DCFC) stations. An owner of multiple parking lots may designate and install EV charging stations in fewer parking spaces than required in one or more parking lots, as long as the owner meets the requirement for total number of aggregate spaces for all parking lots. A fee of $50-100 applies for non-EVs that park in spaces designated for EVs.

(Reference Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-71 and 291-72)

Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Acquisition and Rental Requirements

State agencies must coordinate vehicle acquisition efforts to transition light-duty state fleet vehicles to 100% zero emission vehicles (ZEVs) by 2035. To support the state fleet transition to ZEVs, state and county agencies must purchase light-duty vehicles that reduce petroleum consumption. Vehicle purchasing priority is as follows:

1. ZEVs;
2. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs);
3. Other alternative fuel vehicles; and
4. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).

Exemptions may apply. State agencies must purchase the most fuel-efficient vehicle available that meets agency needs, use alternative fuels and ethanol blended gasoline when available, evaluate a purchase preference for biodiesel blends, and promote the efficient operation of vehicles. For the purpose of this requirement, an alternative fuel is defined as an alcohol fuel, an alcohol fuel blend containing at least 85% alcohol, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (propane), hydrogen, biodiesel, a biodiesel blend containing at least 20% biodiesel, a fuel derived from biological materials, or electricity generated from off-board energy sources.

State employees renting a vehicle for government business must rent either EVs or HEVs. Rental rates for EVs and HEVs must be comparable to that of a conventional internal combustion engine vehicle equivalent.

For more information, see the [Hawaii State Energy Offices Vehicle Purchasing Guidelines website.

(Reference Hawaii Revised Statutes 103D-412 and 196-9)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Requirements

EV charging stations installed in Minnesota must:

1. Be able to be used by any make, model, or type of EV;
2. Comply with state safety standards and standards set by the Society of Automotive Engineers; and
3. Be capable of bi-directional charging once electrical utilities achieve a cost-effective ability to draw electricity from EVs connected to the utility grid.

These requirements may not apply if the installations require significant upgrades.

(Reference Minnesota Statutes 325F.185 and 326B.35)

Electric Vehicle (EV) and EV Charging Station Grants

The Colorado Energy Office (CEO) provides grants through the Charge Ahead Colorado program to support EV and EV charging stations adoption by individual drivers and fleets. Grants will fund 80% of the cost of EV charging station, up to $6,000 for a fleet-only Level 2 station, $9,000 for a dual port Level 2 station, up to $35,000 for a direct current fast charging (DCFC) station capable of providing at least 50 kilowatts (kW), and up to $50,000 for a DCFC station capable providing at least 100kW. Eligible EV charging stations applicants include local governments; state and federal government agencies; public universities; public transit agencies; private non-profit or for-profit corporations; landlords of multi-unit dwellings; and owners associations of common interest communities. For more information, including application deadlines, see the Charge Ahead Colorado Grant Application website and the CEO Charge Ahead Colorado website.

(Reference Colorado Revised Statutes 24-38.5-103)

Clean Fleet Grants

The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) administers the Texas Clean Fleet Program (TCFP) as part of the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan (TERP). The TCFP provides grants to fleets to replace existing fleet vehicles with alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). An entity that operates a fleet of at least 75 vehicles and commits to placing 20 or more qualifying vehicles in service for use in the Clean Transportation Zone may be eligible. Qualifying AFV or HEV replacements must reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides or other pollutants by at least 25% as compared to baseline levels and must replace vehicles that meet operational and fuel usage requirements. Neighborhood electric vehicles do not qualify. For more information, including current application periods, see the TCEQ TERP website. (Reference Texas Statutes, Health and Safety Code 386 and 392, and Texas Administrative Code 114.650-114.658)

Alternative Fuel Use and Vehicle Acquisition Requirements

State agency fleets with more than 15 vehicles, excluding emergency and law enforcement vehicles, may not purchase or lease a motor vehicle unless the vehicle uses natural gas, propane, ethanol or fuel blends of at least 85% ethanol (E85), methanol or fuel blends of at least 85% methanol (M85), biodiesel or fuel blends of at least 20% biodiesel (B20), or electricity (including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles). Waivers may be granted for fleets if the fleet will operate primarily in areas where neither the state agency or a supplier can reasonably be expected to establish adequate fueling infrastructure for these fuels or the agency is unable to obtain equipment or fueling facilities necessary to operate alternative fuel vehicles at a cost that is no greater than the net costs of using conventional fuels.

Covered state agency fleets must consist of at least 50% of vehicles that are able to operate on alternative fuels and use these fuels at least 80% of the time the vehicles are driven. Covered state agencies may meet these requirements through the purchase of new vehicles or the conversion of existing vehicles. State agencies that purchase passenger vehicles or other ground transportation vehicles for general use must ensure that at least 25% of the vehicles purchased during any state fiscal biennium, other than exempted vehicles, meet or exceed federal Tier II, Bin 3 emissions standards.

(Reference Texas Statutes, Government Code 2158.004-2158.009)

Vehicle-to-Grid Energy Credit

Retail electricity customers with at least one grid-integrated electric vehicle (EV) may qualify to receive kilowatt-hour credits for energy discharged to the grid from the EV’s battery at the same rate that the customer pays to charge the battery. A grid-integrated EV is defined as a battery-powered motor vehicle that has the ability for two-way power flow between the vehicle and the electric grid as well as communications hardware and software that allow for external control of battery charging and discharging.

(Reference Delaware Code Title 26, Chapter 10, Section 1001 and 1014g)

Authorization for High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lane Exemption

The Nevada Department of Transportation, in consultation with the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, may establish a program allowing federally certified alternative fuel vehicles to operate in HOV lanes regardless of the number of passengers. (Reference Nevada Revised Statutes 484A.463)

Provision for Green Jobs Tax Credit

Pending available funding, the Louisiana Department of Economic Development will offer a corporate or income tax credit for qualified capital infrastructure projects in Louisiana that are directly related to industries including, but not limited to, the advanced drivetrain vehicle and biofuels industries. The tax credit is for 7% to 18% of the project costs, calculated based on the investment costs, up to $1,000,000 per state-certified green project. The portion of the base investment expended on payroll for Louisiana residents employed in connection with the construction of the project may be eligible for an additional 7.2% tax credit on the payroll. Annual credits caps apply and credits will be distributed on a first-come, first-served basis to eligible recipients. Restrictions may apply.

(Reference Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:6037)

Clean Transportation Fuel Standards

The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) administers the Oregon Clean Fuels Program (Program), which requires fuel producers and importers to register, keep records of, and report the volumes and carbon intensities of the fuels they provide in Oregon. Phase 2 of the Program, implemented in 2016, requires fuel suppliers to reduce the carbon content of transportation fuels.

In 2020, a new goal was implemented to reduce the carbon content of transportation fuels by 20% below 2015 levels by 2030, and 25% below 2015 levels by 2035.

DEQ must conduct rulemaking for the Program to support greater electric vehicle (EV) adoption. DEQ must also develop a method to aggregate and monetize all eligible EV credits in the Program to assist in achieving the state goal of 50,000 registered EVs in Oregon by 2020. For more information, see the DEQ Oregon Clean Fuels Program website.

(Reference Executive Order 20-04, 2020, Oregon Revised Statutes 468A.266, and Oregon Administrative Rules 340-253)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Time-Of-Use (TOU) Rate - SDG&E

San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) offers three EV TOU rates to residential customers. For more information, including eligibility requirements and rate details, see the SDG&E EV Plans website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Requirements

New EVs must be equipped with a conductive charger inlet port that meets the specifications contained in Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) standard J1772. EVs must be equipped with an on-board charger with a minimum output of 3.3 kilowatts (kW). These requirements do not apply to EVs that are only capable of Level 1 charging, which has a maximum power of 12 amperes (amps), a branch circuit rating of 15 amps, and continuous power of 1.44 kW.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 1962.2)

State Transportation Plan

The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) must publish a California Transportation Plan (Plan) every five years, beginning December 31, 2015. The Plan must address how the state will achieve maximum feasible emissions reductions, taking into consideration the use of alternative fuels, new vehicle technology, and tailpipe emissions reductions. Caltrans must consult and coordinate with related state agencies, air quality management districts, public transit operators, and regional transportation planning agencies. Caltrans must also provide an opportunity for public input. Caltrans must submit a final draft of the Plan to the legislature and governor. A copy of the 2020 report is available on the Caltrans website. Caltrans must also review the Plan and prepare a report for the legislature and governor that includes actionable, programmatic transportation system improvement recommendations every five years.

(Reference California Government Code 65070-65073)

Alternative Fuel Labeling Requirements

Retailers offering alternative fuel for sale must ensure dispensers are labeled with information to help consumers make informed decisions about fueling a vehicle, including the name of the fuel and the minimum percentage of the main component of the fuel. Labels may also list the percentage of other fuel components. This requirement applies to, but is not limited to, the following fuel types: methanol, denatured ethanol, and/or other alcohols; mixtures containing 85% or more by volume of methanol and/or other alcohols; mixtures containing more than 10% but less than 83% by volume of ethanol; natural gas; propane; hydrogen; coal derived liquid biofuel; and electricity.

Fuel dispensers distributing biodiesel blends containing more than 5% biodiesel by volume must include the percentage of biodiesel included. For ethanol blends containing no greater than 50% ethanol by volume, retailers must post the exact percentage of ethanol concentration, rounded to the nearest multiple of 10. For ethanol blends containing more than 50% but no greater than 83% ethanol by volume, retailers must (1) post the exact percentage of ethanol concentration, (2) post the percentage rounded to the nearest multiple of 10, or (3) post notice that the fuel contains 51% to 83% ethanol.

Electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) manufacturers must determine and disclose (via a delivery ticket or permanent label or marking) kilowatt capacity, voltage, whether the voltage is alternating current or direct current, amperage, and whether the system is conductive or inductive.

(Reference 81 Federal Register 2054 and 16 CFR 306 and 309)

Advanced Energy Research Project Grants

The Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E) was established within the U.S. Department of Energy with the mission to fund projects that will develop transformational technologies that reduce the nation's dependence on foreign energy imports; reduce U.S. energy related emissions, including greenhouse gases; improve energy efficiency across all sectors of the economy; and ensure that the United States maintains its leadership in developing and deploying advanced energy technologies. The ARPA-E focuses on various concepts in multiple program areas including, but not limited to, vehicle technologies, biomass energy, and energy storage. For more information, visit the ARPA-E website.

Low Emission Truck and Bus Purchase Vouchers

Through the Hybrid and Zero Emission Truck and Bus Voucher Incentive Project (HVIP) and Low Oxide of Nitrogen (NOx) Engine Incentives, the California Air Resources Board provides vouchers to eligible fleets to reduce the incremental cost of qualified electric, hybrid, or natural gas trucks and buses at the time of purchase. Vouchers are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Only fleets that operate vehicles in California are eligible. Voucher amounts vary depending on whether the vehicles are located in a disadvantaged community. For more information, including a list of qualified vehicles and other requirements, see the HVIP website.

Plug-In Hybrid and Zero Emission Light-Duty Vehicle Rebates

The Clean Vehicle Rebate Project (CVRP) offers rebates for the purchase or lease of qualified vehicles. Qualified vehicles include light-duty electric vehicles (EVs), fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) the California Air Resources Board (CARB) has approved or certified. The rebate amounts are up to $4,500 for FCEVs, $2,000 for EVs, $1,000 for PHEVs, and $750 for zero emission motorcycles. Rebates are available on a first-come, first-served basis to California residents who purchase or lease new eligible vehicles. Residents of San Diego County may be eligible for a preapproved rebate through the CVRP Rebate Now pilot. Manufacturers must apply to CARB to have their vehicles included in the CVRP.

Individuals are eligible for the rebate based on gross annual income, as stated on the individual’s federal tax return. Individuals with a gross annual income below the following thresholds are eligible for all rebates except those that apply to FCEVs:

• $135,000 for single filers
• $175,000 for head-of-household filers
• $200,000 for joint filers

For individuals with low and moderate household incomes of less than or equal to 400% of the federal poverty level, rebates are increased by $2,500. Increased rebates are available for CARB-approved FCEVs, PHEVs, and EVs. CARB must provide outreach to low-income households and communities to raise awareness about CVRP.

For more information, including information on income verification, a list of eligible vehicles, and instructions on how to apply, see the CVRP website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44274 and 44258)

Low Carbon Fuel and Fuel-Efficient Vehicle Acquisition Requirement

Washington state agencies must consider purchasing low carbon fuel vehicles or converting conventional vehicles to use low carbon fuels when financially comparable over the vehicle’s useful life. Low carbon fuels include hydrogen, biomethane, electricity, or natural gas blends of at least 90%. State agencies must achieve an average fuel economy of 36 miles per gallon (mpg) for passenger vehicle fleets in motor pools and leased conventional vehicles. State agencies must also purchase low carbon fuel vehicles or, when purchasing new conventional vehicles, achieve an average fuel economy of 40 mpg for light-duty passenger vehicles and 27 mpg for light-duty vans and sport utility vehicles. When calculating average fuel economy, emergency response vehicles, passenger vans with a gross vehicle weight rating of 8,500 pounds or greater, off-road vehicles, low carbon fuel vehicles, and vehicles driven less than 2,000 miles per year are excluded.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 43.19.622)

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) Tax Credit

Beginning July 1, 2023, qualified EV and FCEV purchasers may apply for an excise tax credit of up to $3,000. The tax credit is first-come, first-served, and is limited to one vehicle per individual and 10 vehicles per business entity. Qualified vehicles must meet the following criteria:

• Have a total purchase price not exceeding $50,000;
• Be propelled to a significant extent by an electric motor that draws electricity from a battery with a capacity of at least 4 kilowatt-hours;
• Have not been modified from original manufacturer specifications; and
• Be purchased and titled for the first time between July 1, 2023, and July 1, 2027.

Additional restrictions apply.

(Reference Maryland Statutes, Transportation Code 13-815)

Electric Vehicle (EV) High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lane Exemption

Permitted EVs may operate in any Maryland HOV lanes regardless of the number of occupants. Qualified EVs must have a maximum speed capability of at least 65 miles per hour. To operate in HOV lanes, EV owners must obtain a permit from the Maryland Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Administration (MDOT MVA). Permits may cost up to $20 each. Each year the MDOT MVA and the State Highway Administration must report EV use in HOV lanes to the governor. For more information, see the MDOT MVA HOV Permit Issuance for EVs website.

(Reference Maryland Statutes, Transportation Code 25-108 and 21-314 and House Bil 123, 2023)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Financing Authorization

Local governments may offer funding to property owners within their jurisdiction to help finance EV charging station installations on their property or enter into a financing agreement for the same purpose. For additional information, property owners should contact their local government. (Reference Florida Statutes 163.08)

Municipal Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Acquisition Requirements

Local governments in Maricopa, Pinal, and Yavapai counties with a population of more than 1.2 million people must develop and implement vehicle fleet plans to encourage and increase the use of alternative fuels in municipal fleets. At least 75% of the total municipal fleet must operate on alternative fuels. Alternatively, municipal fleets may meet AFV acquisition requirements through biodiesel or other alternative fuel use or apply for waivers. Local governments in counties with populations of more than 500,000 people with bus fleets must purchase or convert buses to operate on alternative fuels. For the purpose of these requirements, alternative fuels include propane, natural gas, electricity, hydrogen, qualified diesel fuel substitutes, E85, and a blend of hydrogen with propane or natural gas.

(Reference Arizona Revised Statutes 9-500.04, 49-474.01, 49-541, and 49-571)

Federal Fleet Operation Regulations

Federal fleets based in Arizona that operate primarily in counties with a population of more than 1.2 million people must be comprised of at least 90% alternative fuel vehicles. Alternatively, federal fleets may meet acquisition requirements through alternative fuel use or apply for waivers. For the purpose of these requirements, alternative fuels include propane, natural gas, electricity, hydrogen, qualified diesel fuel substitutes, and a blend of hydrogen with propane or natural gas.

(Reference Arizona Revised Statutes 1-215 and 49-573)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Infrastructure Development

Maine’s smart grid infrastructure policy promotes the development, implementation, availability, and use of smart grid technology. The policy includes the goal of integrating advanced electric storage and peak-reduction technologies, such as EVs, into the electric system.

(Reference Maine Revised Statutes Title 35-A, Section 3143)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Policies for Multi-Family Residences

A multi-family residential dwelling or townhouse owner may install EV charging stations on or near a parking stall at the dwelling as long as the EV charging station is in compliance with applicable rules and specifications, the EV charging station is registered with the private entity within 30 days of installation, and the homeowner receives consent from the private entity if the EV charging station is placed in a common area. Private entities may adopt rules that restrict the placement and use of EV charging station but may not charge a fee for the placement. The EV charging station owner is responsible for any damages resulting from the installation, maintenance, repair, removal, or replacement of the EV charging station. A private entity includes associations of homeowners, community associations, condominium associations, cooperatives, or any nongovernmental entity with covenants.

A working group within the Hawaii Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism identified and examined the issues regarding multi-family dwelling EV charging station requests to private entities. The group reported its findings and recommendations to the state legislature in December 2015.

(Reference Hawaii Revised Statutes 196-7.5)

Battery Manufacturing Tax Incentive

For taxation purposes, the taxable fair market value of manufacturing machinery and equipment purchased for use at a renewable energy manufacturing facility may be reduced by 20% of the original cost. Qualified renewable energy manufacturing facilities include those manufacturing batteries for hybrid electric, fuel cell, or other motor vehicles certified by the South Carolina Energy Office. Qualified facilities must invest at least $100 million in the project and create at least 200 new full-time jobs with an average compensation level of 150% of the annual per capita income in South Carolina or the county where the facility is located, whichever is less. Additional restrictions apply.

(Reference South Carolina Code of Laws 12-10-30, 12-10-80, 12-15-20, 12-15-30, 12-37-930)

Advanced Transportation Tax Exclusion

The California Alternative Energy and Advanced Transportation Financing Authority (CAEATFA) provides a sales and use tax exclusion for qualified manufacturers of advanced transportation products, components, or systems that reduce pollution and energy use and promote economic development. Incentives are available until December 31, 2025. For more information, including application materials, see the CAEATFA Sales and Use Tax Exclusion Program website.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 26000-26017)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Infrastructure Information Resource

The California Energy Commission, in consultation with the Public Utilities Commission, must develop and maintain a website containing specific links to electrical corporations, local publicly owned electric utilities, and other websites that contain information specific to EVs, including the following:

• Resources to help consumers determine if their residences will require utility service upgrades to accommodate EVs;
• Basic charging circuit requirements;
• Utility rate options; and
• Load management techniques.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25227)

School Bus Retrofit Reimbursement

The Illinois Department of Education will reimburse any qualifying school district for the cost of converting gasoline buses to more fuel-efficient engines or to engines using alternative fuels. Restrictions may apply.

(Reference 105 Illinois Compiled Statutes 5/29-5)

Alternative Fuel Signage

The Ohio Turnpike Commission allows businesses to place their logos on directional signs within the right-of-way of state turnpikes. An alternative fuel retailer may include a marking or symbol within their logo indicating that it sells one or more types of alternative fuel. Alternative fuels are defined as any fuel containing 85% or more ethanol (E85), fuel blends containing at least 20% biodiesel (B20), natural gas, propane, hydrogen, electricity, or any fuel that the U.S. Department of Energy has determined is substantially not petroleum. For more information, see the [Ohio Turnpike Commission](website.

(Reference Ohio Revised Code 125.831 and 5537.30)

Alternative Fuel Tax Exemption

Alternative fuel distributed by or used for federal government, state government, or Indian nation, tribe, or pueblo purposes is exempt from the state excise tax. (Reference New Mexico Statutes 7-16B-5)

Propane and Electricity Tax Exemptions

Propane and electricity used to operate motor vehicles are exempt from state motor fuel taxes. For more information, see the Utah State Tax Commission website.

(Reference Utah Code 59-13-102, 59-13-201, and 59-13-301)

Alternative Fuel Use Requirement

West Virginia higher education governing boards must use alternative fuels to the maximum extent feasible.

(Reference West Virginia Code 18B-5-9)

Public Utility Definition

An entity that is not a public utility, public service corporation, or public service company that provides retail electric vehicle (EV) charging services is not defined as a public utility and may sell electricity if the electricity is used solely for transportation purchases and the entity procured the electricity from an authorized public utility. The Virginia State Corporation Commission may not set the rates, charges, or fees for retail EV charging services provided by non-utilities.

(Reference Virginia Code 56-1.2:1 and 56-232.2:1)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Time-Of-Use (TOU) Rate - DTE Energy

DTE Energy offers a TOU rate to residential customers who own an EV. For more information, including how to qualify, see the DTE Energy Electric Pricing website.

Commercial Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Rebate - LADWP

The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) provides rebates to commercial customers toward the purchase of Level 2 or direct current fast charging (DCFC) stations. Commercial customers who purchase and install EV charging stations for employee and public use may receive up to $5,000 for each Level 2 EV charging station. Commercial customers may also receive up to $75,000 per DCFC station for light-duty vehicle use, and up to $125,000 per DCFC station for medium- and heavy-duty vehicle use. Maximum rebate amounts vary based on whether the EV charging stations are located in a disadvantaged community. Eligible customers may qualify for up to 40 rebate awards depending on the number of parking spaces at the installation site. EV charging stations must be installed within the LADWP service area. Rebates are available on a first-come, first-served basis. For more information, including program guidelines and application materials, see the Charge Up L.A.! website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Time-Of-Use (TOU) Rates - Applied Energy Services (AES) Indiana

AES Indiana offers a TOU rate to residential and business customers who own a licensed EV. Customers who are considering purchasing Level 2 electric vehicle supply equipment should contact AES Indiana to discuss the benefits and requirements of participating in the program. Only customers in AES territory are eligible. Restrictions apply. For more information, see the AES Indiana Electric Vehicles website.

Electric Vehicle and Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) Exemption from Vehicle Testing Requirements

Electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and HEVs are exempt from state motor vehicle inspection and maintenance programs. For more information, see the Idaho Vehicle Inspection Program website.

(Reference Idaho Statutes 39-116B)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Incentive - Austin Energy

Austin Energy offers residential customers who own an electric vehicle a rebate of 50% of the cost to purchase and install a qualified Level 2 EV charging station, up to $1,200. For more information, see the Austin Energy Home Charging website.

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Infrastructure Promotion

The Maryland Zero Emission Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Council (ZEEVIC) promotes the use of ZEVs, including electric vehicles (EVs) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), in the state. Specific responsibilities of ZEEVIC include the following:

• Develop policies and an action plan to promote and facilitate the integration of ZEVs into the Maryland transportation network;
• Assist in developing and coordinating statewide standards for streamlined permitting and installation of electric vehicle charging and hydrogen fueling equipment;
• Develop recommendations for a statewide EV charging and FCEV refueling infrastructure plan, including standard pricing information displays;
• Increase and support consumer awareness and ownership of ZEVs through public outreach;
• Recommend incentives to support private-sector investment in ZEVs;
• Develop targeted policies to support fleet purchases of ZEVs;
• Develop charging solutions for multiunit dwellings;
• Encourage local and regional efforts to promote the use of ZEVs;
• Develop model procurement practices for light-duty vehicles that include an evaluation of the vehicle lifecycle costs inclusive of estimated fuel cost over the anticipated life of the vehicle;
• Recommend policies that support EV charging and FCEV fueling from clean energy sources;
• Establish performance measures for meeting ZEV related employment, infrastructure, and regulatory goals; and
• Pursue other policies, goals, and objectives that promote the adoption of ZEVs.

The Maryland Department of Transportation must provide staff support to ZEEVIC with the assistance of the Maryland Energy Administration and the Maryland Public Service Commission. For more information, including interim reports, see the Maryland Zero Emission Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Council website and the MarylandEV website.

(Reference Chapter 378, Acts of 2015, Chapter 213, Acts of 2019, and Chapter 118, Acts of 2020)

High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lane Exemption

Qualified plug-in electric vehicles, dedicated natural gas vehicles, and fuel cell electric vehicles may use North Carolina HOV lanes, regardless of the number of occupants. This exemption expires September 30, 2025. (Reference North Carolina General Statutes 20-4.01 and 20-146.2)

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) Emissions Inspection Exemption

Qualified light-duty EVs and FCEVs are exempt from state emissions inspection requirements. Other restrictions may apply.

(Reference North Carolina General Statutes 20-4.01 and 20-183.2)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Definition

An EV is defined as a vehicle that:

• Does not have the ability to be propelled by gasoline
• Draws electricity from a battery with a capacity of at least four kilowatt-hours and is capable of being charged from an external source
• Has not been modified from the original equipment manufacturer power train specifications
• Has a gross vehicle weight rating of 8,500 pounds or less
• Has a maximum speed of at least 65 miles per hour, and
• Meets applicable requirements in Title 49 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Section 571.

(Reference North Carolina General Statutes 20-4.01)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Time-Of-Use (TOU) Rate Incentive - Georgia Power

Georgia Power offers a TOU rate for residential customers who own an EV. Eligible customers must own a smart meter capable of separately measuring EV charger usage. For more information, see the Georgia Power Plug-In Electric Vehicles website.

Residential Electric Vehicle (EV) Time-Of-Use (TOU) Rates - Alabama Power

Alabama Power offers a TOU rate to residential customers that own or lease an EV. For more information, see the Alabama Power EV rate website.

State Agency Sustainability Plan and Requirements

Each state department or agency must prepare an annual sustainability plan that includes ways to modify vehicle use practices and report annually on progress towards implementing their plan. Each state agency plan must be based on following targets and mandates: - When reasonably possible, state agencies must purchase on-road vehicles that use alternative fuels, including biodiesel blends of 20% (B20) or greater, compressed or liquefied natural gas, ethanol blends of 70% (E70) or greater, hydrogen, propane, or electricity, or (with the exception of buses, snowplows, and construction vehicles) have a fuel economy rating that exceeds 30 miles per gallon (mpg) in the city and 35 mpg on the highway; - When reasonably possible, state employees must fuel vehicles capable of operating on an alternative fuel with that fuel; - State agencies must increase the use of renewable fuels derived from agricultural products or waste products; and - State agencies must increase the use of technology for delivering information and services in order to reduce reliance on the state’s fleet.

(Reference Minnesota Statutes 16C.135 and 16C.137)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Time-Of-Use (TOU) - Nevada Energy (NV Energy)

NV Energy offers a TOU rate to residential and commercial customers who own or lease EVs. For more information, see the NV Energy Electric Vehicles website.

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Registration

A fee of $75 is required for the registration of an AFV that operates on electricity, solar power, or any other source of energy not otherwise taxed under the state motor fuel tax laws. Compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas, and propane are not subject to this requirement. (Reference Nebraska Revised Statutes 60-306 and 60-3,191)

Experimental Vehicle Definition and Requirements

A vehicle weighing 6,000 pounds or less that is primarily powered by a source other than a combustion engine may be considered an experimental vehicle. A driver may not operate an experimental vehicle unless it is registered as such with the North Dakota Department of Transportation. An experimental vehicle must be equipped with certain safety features and may not operate on a public road unless it is accompanied by a chase vehicle following at a safe driving distance. Experimental vehicle owners must pay an annual registration fee of $50 unless owned by a government entity or political subdivision. Additional requirements and restrictions apply.

(Reference North Dakota Century Code 39-10.3)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Incentives - San Joaquin Valley

The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District administers the Public Benefit Grant Program, which provides funding to cities, counties, special districts (such as water districts and irrigation districts), and public educational institutions for the purchase of new AFVs, including electric, hybrid electric, natural gas, and propane vehicles. The maximum grant amount allowed per vehicle is $20,000, with a limit of $100,000 per agency per year. Projects are considered on a first-come, first-serve basis. For more information, see the Public Benefit Grant Program website.

Public Utility Definition

A corporation or individual that owns, controls, operates, or manages a facility that supplies electricity to the public exclusively to charge light-, medium-, and heavy-duty all-electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, compressed natural gas to fuel natural gas vehicles, or hydrogen as a motor vehicle fuel is not defined as a public utility.

(Reference California Public Utilities Code 216 and California Public Utilities Decision 20-09-025, 2020)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Policies for Multi-Unit Dwellings

A common interest development, including a community apartment, condominium, and cooperative development, may not prohibit or restrict the installation or use of EV charging stations or EV-dedicated time-of-use (TOU) meter in a homeowner’s designated parking space or unit. These entities may put reasonable restrictions on EV charging stations, but the policies may not significantly increase the cost of the EV charging stations or significantly decrease its efficiency or performance. Restrictions may be placed on TOU meter installations if they are based on the structure of or available space in the building. If installation in the homeowner’s designated parking space or unit is not possible, with authorization, the homeowner may add EV charging stations or a EV-dedicated TOU meter in a common area. The homeowner must obtain appropriate approvals from the common interest development association and agree in writing to comply with applicable architectural standards, engage a licensed installation contractor, provide a certificate of insurance, and pay for the electricity usage, maintenance, and other costs associated with the EV charging stations or TOU meter. Any application for approval should be processed by the common interest development association without willful avoidance or delay. The homeowner and each successive homeowner of the parking space or unit equipped with EV charging stations or a TOU meter is responsible for the cost of the installation, maintenance, repair, removal, or replacement of the equipment, as well as any resulting damage to the EV charging stations, TOU meter, or surrounding area. The homeowner must also maintain a $1 million umbrella liability coverage policy and name the common interest development as an additional insured entity under the policy. If EV charging stations or an EV-dedicated TOU meter is installed in a common area for use by all members of the association, the common interest development must develop terms for use of the EV charging stations or TOU meter.

(Reference California Civil Code 4745 and 6713)

Access to Electric Vehicle (EV) Registration Records

The California Department of Motor Vehicles may disclose to an electrical corporation or local publicly owned utility an EV owner’s address and vehicle type if the information is used exclusively to identify where the EV is registered.

(Reference California Vehicle Code 1808.23)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Installation Requirements

Vendors that install EV charging stations must comply with Illinois Commerce Commission (ICC) certification requirements. For specific requirements, see the ICC EV Charging Station Installer Certification website.

(Reference 220 Illinois Compiled Statutes 5/3-105, 5/16-102, and 5/16-128A)

Smart Grid Infrastructure Development and Support

The Illinois Science and Energy Innovation Trust (Trust) will provide financial and technical support to public and private entities within the state for programs and projects that support, encourage, or utilize innovative technologies and methods to modernize the state’s electric grid. Technologies may include advanced electricity storage and peak-shaving technologies, such as electric vehicles (EV) or devices that allow EVs to engage in smart grid functions. The Trust also offers assistance for standards development for communication and interoperability of appliances and equipment connected to the electric grid. Electric utilities may voluntarily commit to investments in smart grid advanced metering infrastructure deployment. Participating utilities must consult with the Smart Grid Advisory Council and file a Smart Grid Advanced Metering Infrastructure Deployment Plan with the Illinois Commerce Commission.

(Reference 220 Illinois Compiled Statutes 5/16-108.5 through 108.7)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Decal and High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lane Exemption

Propane, natural gas, all-electric, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are permitted to use HOV lanes, regardless of the number of passengers. Qualified vehicles must display the special clean fuel decal issued by the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT); a limited number of decals are available. This exemption expires September 29, 2025. For more information about qualifying vehicles and decal availability, see the UDOT Clean Fuel Vehicle Decal and Permit website.

(Reference Utah Code 41-1a-416, 41-1a-418, 41-6a-702, 59-13-102, and 72-6-121)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Inspection and Permit

The Utah State Tax Commission (Commission) may require vehicles operating on clean fuels to be inspected for safe operation. In addition, clean fuel vehicles that have a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 26,000 pounds or have more than three axels are required to obtain a special fuel user permit from the Commission. Clean fuels are defined as propane, natural gas, electricity, and hydrogen.

(Reference Utah Code 59-13-102, 59-13-303, and 59-13-304)

Alternative Fuel and Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) Emissions Testing Exemption

Vehicles powered exclusively by natural gas, propane, hydrogen, a combination of compressed natural gas and hydrogen, or electricity are exempt from the Virginia emissions inspection program. Qualified HEVs with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency fuel economy ratings of at least 50 miles per gallon (city) are also exempt from the emissions inspection program unless remote sensing devices indicate the HEV may not meet current emissions standards. For more information, including a list of HEVs that qualify, see the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles Emissions Inspections website.

(Reference Virginia Code 46.2-1177 through 46.2-1178 and 46.2-749.3)

Aftermarket Electric Vehicle (EV) Conversion Regulations

Any motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, that has been modified to replace the internal combustion engine with an electric propulsion system must be titled by and registered with the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) as a converted EV. DMV converted EV registration requires certification by a Virginia safety inspector that the conversion to electric propulsion is complete and proof that the vehicle has passed a Virginia safety inspection. There is a $15 fee, in addition to any fee imposed for Virginia safety inspection.

Converted EVs must be equipped with special equipment, including high voltage cables, a temperature monitoring system for traction batteries other than lead acid batteries, and labeling on three sides of the vehicle identifying it as “Converted Electric.”

For more information, see the DMV Titling a Converted EV website.

(Reference Virginia Code 46.2-602.3, 46.2-625, and 46.2-1001.1)

Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Rebate - San Joaquin Valley

The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) administers the Drive Clean! Rebate Program, which provides rebates for the purchase or lease of eligible new vehicles, including qualified natural gas, hydrogen fuel cell, all-electric, plug-in electric vehicles, and zero emission motorcycles. The program offers rebates of up to $3,000, which are available on a first-come, first-served basis for residents and businesses located in the SJVAPCD. For more information, including a list of eligible vehicles and other requirements, see the SJVAPCD Drive Clean! Rebate Program website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Fee

Owners of all-electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles with an all-electric range of at least 30 miles must pay an annual registration fee of $150 and a $75 transportation electrification fee in addition to standard vehicle fees. The transportation electrification fee contributes to state programs supporting the adoption of EVs and deployment of EV charging infrastructure. Hybrid electric vehicles and electric motorcycles are also subject to an additional annual fee of $75 and $30, respectively.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 46.17.323-324)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Road User Assessment System Pilot

The Washington Transportation Commission (Commission) studied the feasibility of transitioning from a fuel tax to a road user assessment system in the state. In 2012, the Commission conducted a limited scope pilot project to test the feasibility of this new system as it applies to EVs and published outcomes in a report. The Commission began a year-long pilot project in fall 2017. On January 13, 2020, the Commission submitted a report of findings and recommendations to the governor, state legislature, and the U.S. Department of Transportation. The state legislature directed the Commission to further study aspects of the road usage charge program, including:

• The impact of a road usage charge, incentives, and other factors on consumer purchase of EVs and conduct a test with drivers to assess impacts;
• Delivery vehicle fleets and how a road usage charge may be applied, identify potential impacts to fleet operations and costs, state department of transportation revenues, and conduct a pilot test;
• The process for changing vehicle ownership and determine the possible implications and identify the process needed for reconciling a road usage charge owed between sellers and purchases of used vehicles; and,
• Opportunities for achieving large-scale data integration to support road usage charge service provisions that could be offered by private-sector service providers and conduct pilot tests to determine the ability of services to support automatic mileage reporting and periodic payments services.

For more information, see the Commission Road Usage Charge Assessment website.

(Reference Senate Bill 5689, 2022)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Information Disclosure

The Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration may provide the address of a registered EV owner and information about the vehicle to electric companies for their use. Electric companies may only use this information in planning for the electric power supply and may not use it for marketing or solicitation.

(Reference Maryland Statutes, General Provisions 4-320)

Public Utility Definition

A corporation or individual that resells alternative fuel supplied by a public utility for use in an alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) is not subject to regulation as a public utility. Additionally, a corporation or individual that owns, controls, operates, or manages a facility that generates electricity exclusively for use in AFV charging or fueling facilities is not subject to regulation as a public utility provided that the electricity is generated on the property where the charging or fueling facilities are located and the electricity is generated from a renewable resource. For the purposes of this definition, alternative fuel is defined as propane, liquefied natural gas, compressed natural gas, or electricity.

(Reference Colorado Revised Statutes 40-1-103.3)

Public Utility Definition

Owners and operators of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations are not subject to state regulation as electricity suppliers or public service companies. For the purpose of this regulation, owners and operators of EV charging stations are considered retail electric customers.

(Reference Maryland Statutes, Public Utility Code 1-101(j))

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Rate Regulations

Regulated electric utilities must provide customers with a choice of flat rate or time of use electricity rates specific to EV owners. Investor-owned utilities may own and operate EV charging equipment using its own funds or petition the Oregon Public Utilities Commission for rate recovery. (Reference Public Utility Commission of Oregon Order No. 12-013, 2012)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Rebate - PECO

PECO provides rebates of $50 to residential customers who purchase a new, qualified EV. For more information, see the PECO EVsmart website.

Authorization for Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Incentives

Local governments may use income from the infrastructure surtax to provide loans, grants, or rebates to residential or commercial property owners to install electric vehicle supply equipment, propane fueling infrastructure, and natural gas fueling infrastructure, if a local government ordinance authorizing this use is approved by referendum. (Reference Florida Statutes 206.9951 and 212.055)

Public Utility Definition

Electric vehicle (EV) charging made available to the public by a non-utility is not considered a retail sale of electricity and, therefore, the rates, terms, and conditions of EV charging services are not subject to regulation.

(Reference Florida Statutes 366.94)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Rules

A person may not stop, stand, or park a vehicle that is not capable of using EV charging stations in a parking space designated for electric vehicles. To allow for consistency for consumers and the industry, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services must adopt additional rules to provide definitions, methods of sale, labeling requirements, and price-posting requirements for EV charging stations. (Reference Florida Statutes 366.94)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Promotion Plan

All California state agencies must support and facilitate the rapid commercialization of ZEVs in California. In particular, the Air Resources Board, Energy Commission (CEC), Public Utilities Commission, and other relevant state agencies must work with the private sector to establish benchmarks to achieve targets for ZEV commercialization and deployment. These targets include:

• By 2020, the state will have established adequate infrastructure to support one million ZEVs;
• By 2025, there will be 1.5 million ZEVs on the road in California and clean, efficient vehicles will displace 1.5 billion gallons of petroleum fuels annually;
• By 2025, there will be 200 hydrogen fueling stations and 250,000 electric vehicle (EV) chargers, including 10,000 direct current fast chargers, in California;
• By 2030, there will be 5 million ZEVs on the road in California; and
• By 2050, greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector will be 80% less than 1990 levels.

• Develop new criteria for clean vehicle incentive programs to encourage manufacturers to produce clean, affordable cars;
• Update the 2016 ZEV Action plan, with a focus on low income and disadvantaged communities;
• Recommend actions to increase the deployment of ZEV infrastructure through the Low Carbon Fuel Standard;
• Support and recommend policies that will facilitate the installation of EV infrastructure in homes and businesses; and
• Ensure EV charging and hydrogen fueling are affordable and accessible to all drivers.

(Reference Executive Order B-16, 2012, Executive Order B-48, 2018, and Executive Orders N-19-19, 2019)

Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Job Creation Tax Credit

A business that manufactures alternative energy products for use in battery, biofuel, and electric vehicle enterprises may claim an annual tax credit for five years. The amount of the tax credit is based on the number of eligible new full-time employee jobs. Qualified entities must be defined as business enterprises, which do not include retail businesses. Credit amounts differ depending on how the county in which the business is located ranks based on unemployment rates and income levels. Other conditions apply.

(Reference Georgia Code 48-7-40)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Parking Incentive Programs

The California Department of General Services (DGS) and California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) must develop and implement AFV parking incentive programs in public parking facilities operated by DGS with 50 or more parking spaces and park-and-ride lots owned and operated by Caltrans. The incentives must provide meaningful and tangible benefits to drivers, such as preferential spaces, reduced fees, and fueling infrastructure.

(Reference California Public Resources Code 25722.9)

Airport Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) and Infrastructure Incentives

The Zero Emissions Airport Vehicle and Infrastructure Pilot Program provides funding to airports for up to 50% of the cost to acquire ZEVs and install or modify supporting infrastructure for acquired vehicles. Grant funding must be used for airport-owned, on-road vehicles used exclusively for airport purposes. Vehicles and infrastructure must meet the Federal Aviation Administration's Airport Improvement Program requirements, including Buy American requirements. To be eligible, an airport must be for public use. The program will give priority to applicants located in nonattainment areas, as defined by the Clean Air Act, and projects that achieve the greatest air quality benefits, as measured by the amount of emissions reduced per dollar of funds spent under the program. For more information, see the Zero Emissions Airport Vehicle and Infrastructure Pilot Program website. (Reference Public Law 112-95 and 49 U.S. Code 47136a)

Petroleum Reduction Initiative

The Petroleum Savings and Independence Advisory Commission (Commission) was established to provide recommendations and monitor programs designed to reduce the state’s dependence on petroleum-based fuels in the transportation and heating sectors. Established targets may not provide less than a 30% overall reduction in petroleum consumption from 2007 levels by 2030 and a 50% overall reduction from 2007 levels by 2050. Recommendations will include those related to incentives, plug-in electric vehicle deployment, implementation of a clean fuels standard, and land use planning. The Commission must report on monitoring activities to the General Assembly at least every two years. The Commission must also continue to evaluate the state’s progress toward meeting petroleum-reduction goals and make recommendations to the General Assembly as necessary.

(Reference Rhode Island General Laws 42-140.4)

State Highway Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Regulations

The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) may install and operate public EV charging stations at state-owned highway rest stops so long as NCDOT has developed a mechanism to charge EV charging station users a fee to recover the costs related to electricity consumed, processing fees, and operation and maintenance. NCDOT may consult with other state agencies and industry representatives to develop a cost recovery mechanism.

(Reference North Carolina General Statutes 136-18.02)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Rebate and Time-Of-Use (TOU) Rate - DEA

Dakota Electric Association (DEA) offers a TOU rate to members with electric vehicles (EVs) enrolled in the ChargeWise program. To be eligible for the TOU rate, a ChargeWise circuit is required. DEA’s Revolt initiative offers customers the ability to power an EV with 100% wind energy for the lifetime of the vehicle.

Dakota Electric also offers a rebate of up to $500 for the installation of Level 1 or Level 2 EV charging station. To be eligible for the rebate, EVs must use a separate sub-metered circuit.

For more information, visit the Dakota Electric ChargeWise website.

Heavy-Duty Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Purchase Vouchers

The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) provides incentives for all-electric and hydrogen fuel cell electric trucks and buses. Incentives are released on a staggered schedule and are distributed based on the following criteria:

Eligible vehicles must be in operation 80% of the time and for a minimum of five years. School buses may only receive the maximum funding amount if the vehicle is domiciled within half a mile of a disadvantaged community. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, including voucher availability and vehicle eligibility, see the NYSERDA New York Truck Voucher Incentive Program website.

Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Tax Credit

Fueling equipment for natural gas, propane, liquefied hydrogen, electricity, E85, or diesel fuel blends containing a minimum of 20% biodiesel installed through December 31, 2022, is eligible for a tax credit of 30% of the cost, not to exceed $30,000. Permitting and inspection fees are not included in covered expenses. Fueling station owners who install qualified equipment at multiple sites are allowed to use the credit towards each location. Unused credits that qualify as general business tax credits, as defined by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), may be carried backward one year and carried forward 20 years. For more information about claiming the credit, see IRS Form 8911, which is available on the IRS Forms and Publications website.

Beginning January 1, 2023, fueling equipment for natural gas, propane, hydrogen, electricity, E85, or diesel fuel blends containing a minimum of 20% biodiesel, is eligible for a tax credit of 30% of the cost or 6% in the case of property subject to depreciation, not to exceed $100,000. Eligible projects that meet prevailing wage and apprenticeship requirements may be eligible to receive the full 30% tax credit, regardless of depreciation status. Permitting and inspection fees are not included in covered expenses.

Qualified fueling equipment must be installed in locations that meet the following census tract requirements:

• The census tract is not an urban area;

• A population census tract where the poverty rate is at least 20%; or

• Metropolitan and non-metropolitan area census tract where the median family income is less than 80% of the state medium family income level.

Consumers who purchase qualified residential fueling equipment between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2032, may receive a tax credit of up to $1,000.

Additional requirements may apply. For further details, please see the IRS Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 website.

(Reference 26 U.S. Code 30C, 30D, and 38 and Public Law 117-169)

Public Utility Definition

An entity that owns, controls, operates, or manages a facility that supplies electricity to the public exclusively to charge all-electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are not defined as a public utility. An entity that supplies compressed natural gas to fuel natural gas vehicles is also not defined as a public utility.

(Reference 220 Illinois Compiled Statutes 5/3-105 and 20 Illinois Compiled Statutes 627/10)

Alternative Fuel Offering Requirement

The Massachusetts Department of Transportation may not enter into, renew, or renegotiate a contract with a fuel provider for services on the Massachusetts Turnpike without requiring the provider to offer alternative fuel. Alternative fuel is defined as an energy source that is used to power a vehicle and is not gasoline or diesel.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 6C, Section 75 and Chapter 90, Section 1)

Public Utility Definition

An individual, corporation, or other legal entity that resells compressed natural gas as a vehicular fuel or electricity to recharge a battery that powers an electric vehicle is not defined as a public utility.

(Reference Minnesota Statutes 216B.02)

Public Utility Definition

An entity that owns, controls, operates, or manages a plant or facility primarily used to charge or discharge a vehicle battery that provides power for vehicle propulsion is not defined as a public utility.

(Reference Hawaii Revised Statutes 269-1)

Public Utility Definition

An entity that offers electric vehicle supply equipment to the public for hire may not have their rates, services, facilities or practices regulated by the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (Commission). The exemption does not apply if the entity is otherwise subject to Commission jurisdiction as an electrical company, or if an entity’s battery charging facilities and services are subsidized by any regulated service. A utility may offer battery charging facilities as a regulated service, subject to Commission approval.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 80.28.320)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Signage and Parking Regulations

A public EV charging station is defined as a public parking space that is served by charging equipment. Public EV charging stations must have vertical signage that identifies the station and indicates that it is only for EV charging. The signage must be consistent with the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration’s Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices.

By 2023, all public EV charging stations must also display all charges and fees associated with operation. Any person who parks a vehicle in a public EV charging station parking space and does not connect to the equipment is subject to a fine of $124.

By 2023, the Department of Agriculture must adopt rules requiring electric vehicle service providers (EVSP) to meet interoperability standards and offer multiple payment methods at public EV charging stations. EVSPs must report inventory and payment information to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory annually. Charging stations installed before January 1, 2024, are exempt from the rules until January 1, 2034.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 46.08.185 and 19.94)

Alternative Fuels Tax

Alternative fuels are subject to an excise tax at a rate of $0.205 per gasoline gallon equivalent, with a variable component equal to at least 5% of the average wholesale price of the fuel.

(Reference West Virginia Code 11-14C-2, 11-14C-5, 11-14C-6a, 11-15A-13a, and 11-15-18b)

Alternative Fuel and Conversion Definitions

Clean transportation fuels include propane, compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), electricity, and other transportation fuels determined to be comparable with respect to emissions. Propane is defined as a hydrocarbon mixture produced as a by-product of natural gas processing and petroleum refining and condensed into liquid form for sale or use as a motor fuel. CNG is defined as pipeline-quality natural gas that is compressed and provided for sale or use as a motor vehicle fuel. LNG is defined as pipeline-quality natural gas treated to remove water, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and other components that will freeze and condense into liquid form for sale or use as a motor vehicle fuel.

A bi-fuel system is defined as the power system for motor vehicles powered by gasoline and either CNG or LNG. Bi-fuel systems are considered clean fuel systems. Conversion is defined as repowering a motor vehicle or special mobile equipment by replacing its original gasoline or diesel powered engine with one capable of operating on clean transportation fuel or retrofitting a motor vehicle or special mobile equipment with parts that enable its original gasoline or diesel engine to operate on clean transportation fuel.

(Reference Kentucky Revised Statutes 186.750)

Diesel Vehicle Retrofit and Improvement Grants

The Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) administers the DieselWise Indiana grant programs to support projects that reduce diesel emissions. DieselWise provides grants ranging from $50,000 to $1,000,000 for projects throughout the state. Eligible applicants include private and public entities that operate diesel powered equipment. Eligible projects include replacing or converting a diesel vehicle or vehicle component with one that operates on alternative fuel, as well as installing exhaust retrofit technologies, idle reduction technologies, aerodynamic technologies, and low rolling resistance tires. For more information see the IDEM DieselWise website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Policies for Multi-Unit Dwellings

A tenant may install Level 1 or Level 2 EV charging station at their own expense on or in leased premises. The landlord may seek a fee or reimbursement for the actual cost of electricity as well as the cost of installation or upgrades to existing equipment. In addition, the tenant may request that the EV charging station be accessible by other tenants, in which case the EV charging station must comply with all applicable property requirements, and the landlord may seek a fee to reserve a specific parking space. The landlord may also require the tenant to comply with safety, system registration, and aesthetic requirements or provisions.

Common interest communities must also provide residents with an opportunity to charge EVs and may not create restrictions around EV charging stations. Common interest communities are encouraged to allow EV charging stations and to apply for grants from the Electric Vehicle Grant Fund or otherwise fund the installation of EV charging stations on common property as an amenity for residents and guests.

(Reference Colorado Revised Statutes 38-12-601 and 38-33.3-106.8)

(Reference Colorado Revised Statutes 38-12-601 and 38-33.3-106.8)

Highway Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Installation Authorization

The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) may install EV charging stations at each interstate highway rest area where electrical service will reasonably permit, if these installations and charging EV charging station user fees are allowed by federal regulations. IDOT may adopt specifications detailing the type of EV charging station and rules governing station siting, user fees, and maintenance.

(Reference 605 Illinois Compiled Statutes 5/4-223)

State Agency Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Installation

State agencies may install publicly accessible EV charging stations on their premises or contract with a vendor to do so. The Oregon Department of Administrative Services (DAS) will establish criteria to determine the appropriate number of locations for EV charging stations at each agency. A state agency may establish and adjust a uniform price for charging, provided that the price recovers, to the extent practicable, the cost of operating the EV charging station and does not exceed 110% of the average market price for the use of public EV charging stations. DAS will report to the Legislative Assembly on the number, cost, and utilization of EV charging stations installed by state agencies by February 2019, February 2021, and February 2023.

DAS must add electric vehicle (EV) charging capacity for employee and public visitor parking lots, develop contracts to procure and install charging infrastructure, and incorporate EV charging as a tenant improvement for state-leased buildings.

(Reference Executive Order 17-21, 2017, and Oregon Revised Statutes 276.255)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Policies for Associations

The owner of a lot in a planned community or unit in a condominium may apply to install EV charging stations for their personal use in a parking space subject to the exclusive use of the owner. The homeowners association (HOA) must approve a complete application within 60 days. The owner is responsible for all costs associated with the EV charging station installation and use, must disclose the existence of the EV charging station and related responsibilities to a prospective buyer, and must ensure that the infrastructure meets insurance and safety requirements. EV charging stations installed under these regulations on or before June 4, 2015, is considered to be the personal property of the lot or unit owner with which the EV charging station is associated, unless the owner and HOA have negotiated a different outcome. Additional requirements and restrictions apply. (Reference Oregon Revised Statutes 94.762 and 100.627)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Open Access Requirements

EV charging station service providers may not charge a subscription fee or require membership for use of their public charging stations. In addition, providers must disclose the actual charges for using public EV charging stations at the point of sale; allow at least two options for payment; install the Open Charge Point interoperability billing standard on each EV charging station; and disclose the EV charging station geographic location, schedule of fees, accepted methods of payment, and network roaming charges to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Exceptions apply. For more information, see the California Air Resources Board EV Charging Station Standards website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44268 and 44268.2)

Mandatory Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Building Standards

The California Building Standards Commission (CBSC) published mandatory building standards requiring pre-wiring for EV charging station installation in parking spaces at one- and two-family dwellings with attached private garages, multi-family dwellings, commercial facilities, and public buildings in the California Green Building Standards Code within the California Building Standards Code.

Minimum EV charging station prewiring installation requirements are based on the number of parking spaces, per parking facility, as follows:

Public facilities must also install handicap-accessible EV charging stations when installing new or additional EV charging stations. Minimum accessible EV charging station installation requirements, per parking facility, are as follows:

In cases in which EV charging stations can simultaneously charge more than one vehicle, the number of EV charging stations provided shall be considered equivalent to the number of electric vehicles that can be simultaneously charged.

Beginning January 1, 2023, CBSC must convene a workshop to evaluate demand for EV charging infrastructure, electric load forecasts, and statewide transportation electrification goals and use the workshop’s findings to recommend updates to EV charging station building standards. The workshop must convene and propose recommendations on a triennial basis. CBSC must also publish guidance and best practices for installing EV charging stations.

For more information, including exemptions and additional regulations, see the CBSC website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 18941.10 and 18941.11, California Building Code Chapter 2, California Green Building Standards Title 24, Part 11, and Assembly Bill 2075, 2022)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

Connecticut joined California, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Vermont in signing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of ZEVs through involvement in a ZEV Program Implementation Task Force (Task Force). In May 2014, the Task Force published a ZEV Action Plan (Plan) identifying 11 priority actions to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including deploying at least 3.3 million ZEVs and adequate fueling infrastructure within the signatory states by 2025. The Plan also includes a research agenda to inform future actions. On an annual basis, each state must report on the number of registered ZEVs, the number of public electric vehicle (EV) charging stations and hydrogen fueling stations, and available information regarding workplace fueling for ZEVs.

In June 2018, the Task Force published a new ZEV Action Plan for 2018-2021. Building on the 2014 Action Plan, the 2018 Action Plan makes recommendations for states and other key partners in five priority areas:

• Raising consumer awareness and interest in electric vehicle technology;
• Building out a reliable and convenient residential, workplace and public charging/fueling infrastructure network;
• Continuing and improving access to consumer purchase and non-financial incentives;
• Expanding public and private sector fleet adoption; and
• Supporting dealership efforts to increase ZEV sales.

For more information, see the Multi-State ZEV Task Force website.

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

Maryland joined California, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Vermont in signing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of ZEVs through involvement in a ZEV Program Implementation Task Force (Task Force). In May 2014, the Task Force published a ZEV Action Plan (Plan) identifying 11 priority actions to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including deploying at least 3.3 million ZEVs and adequate fueling infrastructure within the signatory states by 2025. The Plan also includes a research agenda to inform future actions. On an annual basis, each state must report on the number of registered ZEVs, the number of public electric vehicle (EV) charging stations and hydrogen fueling stations, and available information regarding workplace fueling for ZEVs.

• Raising consumer awareness and interest in EV technology;
• Building out a reliable and convenient residential, workplace and public charging/fueling infrastructure network;
• Continuing and improving access to consumer purchase and non-financial incentives;
• Expanding public and private sector fleet adoption; and
• Supporting dealership efforts to increase ZEV sales.

For more information, see the Multi-State ZEV Task Force website.

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

Massachusetts joined California, Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Vermont in signing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of ZEVs through involvement in a ZEV Program Implementation Task Force (Task Force). In May 2014, the Task Force published a ZEV Action Plan (Plan) identifying 11 priority actions to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including deploying at least 3.3 million ZEVs and adequate fueling infrastructure within the signatory states by 2025. The Plan also includes a research agenda to inform future actions. On an annual basis, each state must report on the number of registered ZEVs, the number of public electric vehicle supply (EV) charging stations and hydrogen fueling stations, and available information regarding workplace fueling for ZEVs.

In June 2018, the Task Force published a new ZEV Action Plan for 2018-2021. Building on the 2014 Action Plan, the 2018 Action Plan makes recommendations for states and other key partners in five priority areas:

• Raising consumer awareness and interest in electric vehicle technology;
• Building out a reliable and convenient residential, workplace and public charging/fueling infrastructure network;
• Continuing and improving access to consumer purchase and non-financial incentives;
• Expanding public and private sector fleet adoption; and
• Supporting dealership efforts to increase ZEV sales.

For more information, see the Multi-State ZEV Task Force website.

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

New York joined California, Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Vermont in signing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of ZEVs through involvement in a ZEV Program Implementation Task Force (Task Force). In May 2014, the Task Force published a ZEV Action Plan (Plan) identifying 11 priority actions to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including deploying at least 3.3 million ZEVs and adequate fueling infrastructure within the signatory states by 2025. The Plan also includes a research agenda to inform future actions. On an annual basis, each state must report on the number of registered ZEVs, the number of public electric vehicle (EV) charging stations and hydrogen fueling stations, and available information regarding workplace fueling for ZEVs.

In June 2018, the Task Force published a new ZEV Action Plan for 2018-2021. Building on the 2014 Action Plan, the 2018 Action Plan makes recommendations for states and other key partners in five priority areas:

• Raising consumer awareness and interest in electric vehicle technology;
• Building out a reliable and convenient residential, workplace and public charging/fueling infrastructure network;
• Continuing and improving access to consumer purchase and non-financial incentives;
• Expanding public and private sector fleet adoption; and
• Supporting dealership efforts to increase ZEV sales.

For more information, see the Multi-State ZEV Task Force website.

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

Oregon joined California, Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont in signing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of ZEVs through involvement in a ZEV Program Implementation Task Force (Task Force). In May 2014, the Task Force published a ZEV Action Plan (Plan) identifying 11 priority actions to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including deploying at least 3.3 million ZEVs and adequate fueling infrastructure within the signatory states by 2025. The Plan also includes a research agenda to inform future actions. On an annual basis, each state must report on the number of registered ZEVs, the number of public electric vehicle (EV) charging station and hydrogen fueling stations, and available information regarding workplace fueling for ZEVs.

In June 2018, the Task Force published a new ZEV Action Plan for 2018-2021. Building on the 2014 Action Plan, the 2018 Action Plan makes recommendations for states and other key partners in five priority areas:

• Raising consumer awareness and interest in electric vehicle technology;
• Building out a reliable and convenient residential, workplace and public charging/fueling infrastructure network;
• Continuing and improving access to consumer purchase and non-financial incentives;
• Expanding public and private sector fleet adoption; and
• Supporting dealership efforts to increase ZEV sales.

For more information, see the Multi-State ZEV Task Force website.

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

Rhode Island joined California, Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, and Vermont in signing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of ZEVs through involvement in a ZEV Program Implementation Task Force (Task Force). In May 2014, the Task Force published a ZEV Action Plan (Plan) identifying 11 priority actions to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including deploying at least 3.3 million ZEVs and adequate fueling infrastructure within the signatory states by 2025. The Plan also includes a research agenda to inform future actions. On an annual basis, each state must report on the number of registered ZEVs, the number of public electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) and hydrogen fueling stations, and available information regarding workplace fueling for ZEVs.

In June 2018, the Task Force published a new ZEV Action Plan for 2018-2021. Building on the 2014 Action Plan, the 2018 Action Plan makes recommendations for states and other key partners in five priority areas:

• Raising consumer awareness and interest in electric vehicle technology;
• Building out a reliable and convenient residential, workplace and public charging/fueling infrastructure network;
• Continuing and improving access to consumer purchase and non-financial incentives;
• Expanding public and private sector fleet adoption; and
• Supporting dealership efforts to increase ZEV sales.

For more information, see the Multi State ZEV Task Force website.

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

Vermont joined California, Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, and Rhode Island in signing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of ZEVs through involvement in a ZEV Program Implementation Task Force (Task Force). In May 2014, the Task Force published a ZEV Action Plan (Plan) identifying 11 priority actions to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including deploying at least 3.3 million ZEVs and adequate fueling infrastructure within the signatory states by 2025. The Plan also includes a research agenda to inform future actions. On an annual basis, each state must report on the number of registered ZEVs, the number of public electric vehicle (EV) charging stations and hydrogen fueling stations, and available information regarding workplace fueling for ZEVs.

• Raising consumer awareness and interest in electric vehicle technology;
• Building out a reliable and convenient residential, workplace and public charging/fueling infrastructure network;
• Continuing and improving access to consumer purchase and non-financial incentives;
• Expanding public and private sector fleet adoption; and
• Supporting dealership efforts to increase ZEV sales.

For more information, see the ZEVs website.

State Energy Strategy Development

The New Hampshire Office of Energy Planning (Office), in consultation with the New Hampshire Energy Advisory Council, prepared a 10-year energy strategy for the state that addresses the impact of transportation policies and programs on electricity energy needs in the state in 2018. Strategy recommendations include enabling and encouraging adoption of electric vehicles and reducing unnecessary idling. The Office will review and update the strategy triennially. For more information, including the strategy, visit the Strategy Revision website.

(Reference New Hampshire Revised Statutes 4:E1)

Alternative Fueling Infrastructure Tax Credit

An income tax credit is available for 50% of the cost of alternative fueling infrastructure, up to $5,000. Qualifying infrastructure includes electric vehicle charging stations and equipment to dispense fuel that is 85% or more natural gas, propane, or hydrogen. Unused credits may be carried over into future tax years. For more information, including how to claim the credit, please see the New York State Department of Taxation and Finance website. (Reference New York Tax Law 187-b)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Annual Fee

The owner of an EV that is exclusively powered by electricity must pay a fee of $140.25 in addition to any other required registration fees at the time of initial registration and annual registration renewal.

(Reference North Carolina General Statutes 20-87)

Light-Duty Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Rebates

Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources’ Massachusetts Offers Rebates for Electric Vehicles (MOR-EV) Program offers residents, non-profits, and businesses rebates of up to $3,500 toward the purchase or lease of eligible ZEVs. Eligible non-profit and business fleet vehicles may include rental cars, company cars, and light-duty delivery vehicles. Vehicle purchase prices must be below $55,000. Applicants must apply within three months of the vehicle purchase or lease date and must retain ownership of the vehicle for a minimum of 36 months. For more information, including application and eligibility requirements, see the MOR-EV website.

Alternative Fuel Use and Vehicle Acquisition Requirement

At least 50% of new or replacement light-duty state agency vehicles must meet Bin 2 emissions standards established in Title 40 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, or be propelled to a significant extent by electricity, natural gas, propane, hydrogen, or biodiesel.

(Reference Utah Code 63A-9-401 and 63A-9-403)

Public Utility Definition

An entity that provides electric vehicle battery charging services is not defined as a public utility, unless the entity conducts another activity in the state that subjects it to the regulation and jurisdiction of the Utah Public Service Commission. The entity must obtain the electricity from a regulated utility or electric corporation, at established rates.

(Reference Utah Code 54-2-1)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Rebate Program

The Maryland Energy Administration (MEA) offers a rebate to individuals, businesses, or state or local government entities for the costs of acquiring and installing qualified EV charging stations. Between July 1, 2022, and June 30, 2023, the rebate may cover 40% of the costs of acquiring and installing qualified EVSE, or up to the following amounts:

Applicants must demonstrate compliance with state, local, and/or federal law that applies to the installation or operation of qualified EV charging station. Other requirements may apply. MEA may award up to $1,800,000 total. Each entity that applies for a commercial rebate may receive up to 18% of the total program budget per fiscal year. Rebates will be awarded on a first-come, first-served basis. For more information, see the MEA EVSE Rebate Program website.

(Reference Maryland Statutes, Business Regulation Code 10-101, Maryland Statutes, State Government Code 9-2009, and House Bill 550,2023)

Alternative Fuel Tax

Alternative fuels used as vehicle fuel are taxed as follows:

• Compressed natural gas is subject to the state fuel excise tax of $0.31 per gasoline gallon equivalent, measured at 5.66 pounds (lbs.) or 126.67 cubic feet at a base temperature of 60 degrees Fahrenheit and a pressure of 14.73 lbs. per square inch;
• Liquefied natural gas is subject to the excise tax of $0.325 per diesel gallon equivalent (DGE), measured at 6.06 lbs.;
• Propane is subject to the excise tax of $0.30 per gallon;
• E85 is subject to the excise tax of $0.290 per gallon;
• B20 is subject to the excises tax of $0.295 per gallon;
• B100 is subject to the excise tax of $0.325 per gallon;
• Hydrogen is subject to the excise tax of $0.65 per DGE, measured at 2.49 lbs.; and
• Effective July 1, 2023, electricity will be subject to the excise tax of $0.026 per kilowatt-hour of fuel delivered or placed into a battery or other energy storage device of an electric motor vehicle at any location in Iowa other than a residence.

(Reference Iowa Code 452A.2, 452A.3, and 452A.86)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Tariff

Each public utility selling electricity for retail must file a tariff with the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission (PUC) to allow a customer to purchase electricity solely for the purpose of charging a EV, neighborhood electric vehicle, or medium-speed electric vehicle. The tariff must:

• Contain either a time-of-day or off-peak electricity rate;
• Allow the customer to purchase electricity from the utility’s current mix of energy supply sources or from entirely renewable energy sources; and
• Be available to the residential customer class.

The public utility will make the tariff available to customers within 60 days of PUC approval. At any time, the utility may make revisions to the tariff based on changing costs or conditions. Each public utility providing an EV charging tariff must report quarterly to the PUC on the number of customers who have participated in the tariff, the total amount of electricity sold under the tariff, and any other data the PUC requires.

(Reference Minnesota Statutes 216B.1614)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

California joined Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Vermont in signing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of ZEVs through involvement in a ZEV Program Implementation Task Force (Task Force). In May 2014, the Task Force published a ZEV Action Plan (Plan) identifying 11 priority actions to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including deploying at least 3.3 million ZEVs and adequate fueling infrastructure within the signatory states by 2025. The Plan also includes a research agenda to inform future actions. On an annual basis, each state must report on the number of registered ZEVs, the number of public electric vehicle (EV) charging stations and hydrogen fueling stations, and available information regarding workplace fueling for ZEVs.

In June 2018, the Task Force published a new ZEV Action Plan for 2018-2021. Building on the 2014 Action Plan, the 2018 Action Plan makes recommendations for states and other key partners in five priority areas:

• Raising consumer awareness and interest in electric vehicle technology;
• Building out a reliable and convenient residential, workplace and public charging/fueling infrastructure network;
• Continuing and improving access to consumer purchase and non-financial incentives;
• Expanding public and private sector fleet adoption; and
• Supporting dealership efforts to increase ZEV sales.

For more information, see the Multi-State ZEV Task Force website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Fee

EV owners must pay an annual fee of $50 for an EV decal, in addition to other registration fees. For registration periods beginning during Fiscal Year (FY) 2022 and every subsequent year, the Colorado Department of Revenue is authorized to adjust the registration fee for inflation. Additionally, beginning in FY 2022, the state may collect an EV road usage equalization fee at the time of registration. Registration fees for each FY are as follows:

(Reference Colorado Revised Statutes 42-3-304)

Electric Drive Vehicle License Plates

The Rhode Island Division of Motor Vehicles (DMV) may issue special vehicle license plates to owners of electric drive vehicles, including those powered in whole or in part by a storage battery. Eligible vehicles include hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric, and all-electric vehicles registered as electric drive vehicles in the state. For more information, including license plate fee, see the Rhode Island DMV Other Plates website.

(Reference Rhode Island General Laws 31-3-101)

Vehicle Fleet Maintenance and Fuel Cost-Savings Contracts

Government fleets may finance the lease or purchase cost of alternative fuel vehicles and alternative fueling infrastructure through energy performance contracts where vehicle operational and fuel cost savings pay for the capital investment. Energy performance contracts must show that the annual cost savings associated with the fueling and maintenance of vehicles with higher efficiency ratings or alternative fueling methods is equal to or higher than the annual contract payments.

(Reference Colorado Revised Statutes 24-30-2001 through 24-30-2003 and 29-12.5-101 through 29-12.5-104)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Conversion and Infrastructure Tax Credit

Businesses and individuals are eligible for an income tax credit of 50% of the equipment and labor costs for the conversion of qualified AFVs, up to $19,000 per vehicle. A tax credit is also available for 50% of the equipment and labor costs for the purchase and installation of alternative fuel infrastructure on qualified AFV fueling property. The maximum credit is $1,000 per residential electric vehicle charging station, and $10,000 per publicly accessible AFV fueling station. Qualified alternative fuels include, ethanol blends of at least 85%, natural gas, propane, biodiesel, electricity, and hydrogen. For more information, see the Office of Tax and Revenue website. (Reference District of Columbia Code 47-1806.12 through 47-1806.13, 47-1807.10 through 47-1807.11, and 47-1808.10 through 47-1808.11)

Clean School Bus Grants

Any public school district or charter school may receive a grant through the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) to pay for the incremental costs to replace school buses or install diesel oxidation catalysts, diesel particulate filters, emission-reducing add-on equipment, and other emissions reduction technologies in qualified school buses. For more information, see the TCEQ Texas Emissions Reduction Plan website.

(Reference Texas Administrative Code 114.640-114.648 and Texas Statutes, Health and Safety Code 390)

State Agency Vehicle Procurement and Management Requirement

When purchasing a motor vehicle, a state agency must select one that is capable of being powered by cleaner fuels, including electricity and natural gas, if the total life cycle cost of ownership is less than or comparable to that of a gasoline-powered vehicle.

A committee of representatives from the Minnesota Departments of Administration, Agriculture, Commerce, Natural Resources, and Transportation, as well as the Pollution Control Agency, will implement a state fleet reporting and information management system. The committee will submit findings to the governor and appropriate legislative committees on a bi-yearly basis with recommendations for goals, directives, or legislative initiatives to meet these objectives.

(Reference Minnesota Statutes 16C.137 and 16C.138)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Revolving Loan Program for Public Entities

The South Carolina Energy Office (SCEO) provides low interest loans for a variety of energy efficiency improvements, including AFV conversions and the incremental costs of a new AFV, with qualified project payback periods. Loans may cover up to 100% of project costs, ranging from $25,000 to $500,000 per state fiscal year. Eligible recipients include state agencies, local governments, public colleges and universities, school districts, and private non-profit organizations. State agencies and public educational institutions may combine their loan with a ConserFund Plus grant, which may cover up to 30% of total project costs. For more information, see the . For more information, see the ConserFund website.

(Reference South Carolina Code of Laws 48-52-650)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Revolving Loan Program for Private Entities

The South Carolina Business Development Corporation provides low interest loans for a variety of energy efficiency improvements, including AFV conversions and incremental costs, with qualified project payback periods. Eligible recipients include businesses and industries. Utilities, non-profit organizations, and government entities may be eligible under special conditions. The loan may cover up to 100% of the project costs, ranging from $50,000 to $1 million. Repayment terms vary. For more information, including application deadlines, see the Energy Efficiency Revolving Loan website.

(Reference South Carolina Code of Laws 48-52-650)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Cost Recovery

A public electric utility may seek recovery of the costs associated with programs and resources related to distributed energy resources and load management technologies, including EV charging, as part of a rate case filing through the South Carolina Public Service Commission.

(Reference South Carolina Code of Laws 58-39-120 and 58-39-130)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Time-Of-Use (TOU) Rate - Connexus Energy

Connexus Energy offers residential customers with EVs a TOU rate. A separate meter is required.

Connexus Energy also offers customers who enroll in the TOU rate the ability to power an EV with 100% wind energy for the lifetime of the vehicle.

For more information, see the Connexus Energy EV website.

State Agency Coordination to Address Climate Change

The Rhode Island Executive Climate Change Coordinating Council (EC4) was established to coordinate efforts between state agencies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The EC4 will pursue GHG emissions reductions of 10% below 1990 levels by 2020, 45% below 1990 levels by 2035, and 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. State agencies must assist EC4 to develop programs to encourage state employees to reduce vehicle miles traveled and use public transportation when available. The Council will also work with municipalities to encourage sustainability; identify federal, state, and private funding opportunities that can be leveraged to reduce emissions in Rhode Island; and develop GHG emissions reduction strategies. The Council submitted a plan in December 2016 with suggested strategies for GHG emissions reduction activities to the governor. The EC4 and the State Chief Resiliency Officer submitted a statewide Action Plan to Stand Up to Climate Change and to the governor in July 2018.

(Reference Rhode Island General Laws 42-6.2 and Executive Order(PDF) 17-10, 2017)

Electric Vehicle Manufacturer Franchise Exemption

A vehicle manufacturer is not required to sell its vehicles through franchised dealers if the manufacturer:

• Only produces passenger cars powered solely by at least one electric motors;
• Only sells new or used passenger cars that it manufactures; and
• Was selling such passenger cars in Nevada on or before January 1, 2016.

Establishment of a Zero Emission Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicle Program

The California Clean Truck, Bus, and Off-Road Vehicle and Equipment Technology Program (Program) will provide funding for development, demonstration, pre-commercial pilot, and early commercial implementation projects for zero and near-zero emission trucks, buses, and off-road vehicles and equipment. Eligible projects include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Technology development, demonstration, pre-commercial pilots, and early commercial implementation projects for zero and near-zero emission truck technology;
• Zero and near-zero emission bus technology development, demonstration, pre-commercial pilots, and early commercial deployments, including pilots of multiple vehicles at one site or region;
• Purchase incentives for commercially available zero and near-zero emission truck, bus, and off-road vehicle and equipment technologies and fueling infrastructure; and
• Projects that support greater commercial motor vehicle and equipment freight efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions reductions, including autonomous vehicles, grid integration technology, and charge management solutions.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 39719.2)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Initiative

The California Air Resources Board’s (CARB) Charge Ahead California Initiative was established to help place into service at least 1 million ZEVs and near-zero emission vehicles in California by January 1, 2023. In consultation with the State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission, CARB prepared a funding plan that includes a market and technology assessment, assessments of existing zero and near-zero emission funding programs, and programs that increase access to disadvantaged, low-income, and moderate-income communities and consumers. Potential programs under the initiative include those involving innovative financing, car sharing, charging infrastructure in multi-unit dwellings located in disadvantaged communities, public transit, and agricultural vanpool programs. The funding plan must be updated at least every three years through January 1, 2023.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44258.4)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Policies for Residential and Commercial Renters

The lessor of a dwelling or commercial property must approve written requests from a lessee to install EV charging station at a parking space allotted for the lessee on qualified properties. Certain exclusions apply to residential dwellings and commercial properties. All modifications and improvements must comply with federal, state, and local laws and all applicable zoning and land use requirements, covenants, conditions, and restrictions. The lessee of the parking space equipped with EV charging station is responsible for the cost of the installation, maintenance, repair, removal, or replacement of the equipment, electricity consumption, as well as any resulting damage to the EV charging station or surrounding area. Unless the EV charging station is certified by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory and electrical upgrades are performed by a licensed electrician, the lessee must also maintain a personal liability coverage policy in an amount of up to 10 times the annual rent of the dwelling.

Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV) Definition

A NEV is defined as a four-wheeled electric vehicle that has a maximum speed greater than 20 miles per hour (mph) but not more than 25 mph. All vehicles must comply with the safety standards established in Title 49 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, section 571.500. Drivers must maintain a defined level of insurance coverage for all registered vehicles.

(Reference Title 75 Pennsylvania Statutes Part I, Chapter 1, Section 102 and Part II, Chapter 17, Subchapter H, Section 1788)

Public Transportation Research, Demonstration, and Deployment Funding

The U.S. Department of Transportation’s Federal Transit Administration administers the Public Transportation Innovation Program. Financial assistance is available to local, state, and federal government entities; public transportation providers; private and non-profit organizations; and higher education institutions for research, demonstration, and deployment projects involving low or zero emission public transportation vehicles. Eligible vehicles must be designated for public transportation use and significantly reduce energy consumption or harmful emissions compared to a comparable standard or low emission vehicle. For more information, see the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law Public Transportation Innovation fact sheet.

(Reference 49 U.S. Code 5312 and 5339, Public Law 114-94, Public Law 113-159, and Public Law 117-58)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Electricity Exemption

Electricity used to charge EVs at a state-owned parking facility is exempt from California law prohibiting gifting public money or items of value.

(Reference California Government Code 14678)

Residential Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Financing Program

Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) Loss Reserve Program financing allows property owners to borrow funds to pay for energy improvements, including purchasing and installing EV charging stations. The borrower repays the financing over a defined period of time through a special assessment on the property. Local governments in California are authorized to establish PACE programs. Property owners must agree to a contractual assessment on the property tax bill, have a clean property title, and be current on property taxes and mortgages. Financing limits are 15% of the first $700,000 of the property value and 10% of the remaining property value. For more information, see the California Alternative Energy and Advanced Transportation Financing Authority PACE Loss Reserve Program website. (Reference California Public Resources Code 26050-26082)

Workplace and Fleet Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Grants

The Massachusetts Electric Vehicle Incentive Program (MassEVIP) provides grants for 60% of the cost of Level 1 or Level 2 EV charging stations, up to $50,000 per street address. Eligible entities include private, public, or non-profit workplaces and fleets with 15 or more employees on site. The program is funded by Massachusetts’ portion of the Volkswagen Environmental Mitigation Trust. Applications are accepted on a first-come, first-served basis until funds are exhausted. For more information, including funding availability, application, and eligibility requirements, see the Apply for MassEVIP Workplace and Fleet Charging Incentives website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Grants for Public Fleets

The Massachusetts Electric Vehicle Incentive Program (MassEVIP) provides grants for the purchase or lease of qualified EVs and zero emission motorcycles. Eligible applicants include local governments, public universities and colleges, and state agencies. Vehicle incentives are available in the following amounts:

Applicants may receive funding for a maximum of 25 vehicles, including EVs, PHEVs, and zero emission motorcycles.

Applications are accepted on a first-come, first-served basis until funds are exhausted. For more information, including funding availability, application, and eligibility requirements, see the Apply for MassEVIP Fleet Incentives website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Infrastructure Coaching Service

The Colorado Energy Office (CEO) administers the ReCharge Colorado program (ReCharge) to advance the adoption of EVs and installation of charging infrastructure in Colorado. ReCharge provides coaching services to consumers, local governments, workplaces, and multi-unit dwellings to help them identify monetary savings, grant opportunities, and other EV benefits. ReCharge also helps build local stakeholder support for EVs. For more information, see the CEO ReCharge Colorado website.

Clean Truck Port Requirements

Port drayage trucks must meet or exceed Model Year 2010 engine federal emissions standards to access the Port Authority of New York & New Jersey (PANYNJ) marine terminals. Drayage trucks operating on liquefied or compressed natural gas, electricity, or hybrid electric technology are exempt from these requirements. For purposes of this rule, drayage trucks are defined as on-road vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 33,001 pounds or greater and intended to load, unload, or transport cargo from PANYNJ terminals. Additional rules apply. For more information, see the PANYNJ Truck Replacement Program and Drayage Truck Registration websites.

Clean Truck Port Requirements

Port drayage trucks must meet or exceed Model Year 2010 engine federal emissions standards to access the Port Authority of New York & New Jersey (PANYNJ) marine terminals. Drayage trucks operating on liquefied or compressed natural gas, electricity, or hybrid electric technology are exempt from these requirements. For purposes of this rule, drayage trucks are defined as on-road vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 33,001 pounds or greater and intended to load, unload, or transport cargo from PANYNJ terminals. Additional rules apply. For more information, see the PANYNJ Drayage Truck Registration website.

Electric Vehicle Emissions Inspection Exemption

Vehicles powered exclusively by electricity are exempt from state emissions control inspections. For more information, see the Rhode Island Emissions and Safety Testing Program website.

(Reference Rhode Island General Laws 31-47.1-5)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Emissions Inspection Exemption

Vehicles powered exclusively by electricity, propane, or natural gas are exempt from state motor vehicle emissions inspections after a one-time verification inspection. For more information, see the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency E-Check website.

(Reference Ohio Administrative Code 3745-26-1 and 3745-26-12)

Plug-In Hybrid and Zero Emission Light-Duty Public Fleet Vehicle Fleet Rebates

The Clean Vehicle Rebate Project (CVRP) offers rebates to eligible state and local public entities for the purchase of qualified light-duty fleet vehicles. Public fleets located in disadvantaged communities are eligible for increased incentives. Rebates are available in the following amounts:

Eligible vehicles must be certified by the California Air Resources Board (ARB). Rebates are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Manufacturers must apply to ARB to have their vehicles considered for rebate eligibility. Each entity may receive up to 30 rebates annually and may not receive CVRP incentives for the same vehicle. For more information, including a list of eligible vehicles, locations, and entities, see the CVRP for Fleets website.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44274 and 44258)

Electric Vehicle Emissions Inspection Exemption

Vehicles powered exclusively by electricity are exempt from state motor vehicle emissions inspections. For more information, see the Air Care Colorado website.

(Reference Code of Colorado Regulations 204-11)

Electric Vehicle Emissions Inspection Exemption

Vehicles powered exclusively by electricity are exempt from state motor vehicle emissions inspections. For more information, see the Connecticut Emissions Program website. (Reference Connecticut General Statutes 14-164c)

Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) Emissions Inspection Exemption

BEVs are exempt from state motor vehicle emissions inspections. For more information, see the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency’s Vehicle Emissions Testing Program website.

(Reference 625 Illinois Compiled Statutes 5/13C)

Electric Vehicle Emissions Inspection Exemption

Vehicles powered exclusively by electricity are exempt from state motor vehicle emissions inspections. For more information, see the Massachusetts Vehicle Check website.

(Reference Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Laws and Rules 310 CMR 60.02)

Electric Vehicle Emissions Inspection Exemption

Vehicles powered exclusively by electricity are exempt from state motor vehicle emissions inspections. For more information, see the New York Vehicle Inspection Program website. (Reference New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulations Chapter III, Part 217-6)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Decal Fee

Owners of EVs must pay an annual decal fee of $200. Multipurpose vehicles and motorcycles are exempt. Multipurpose vehicles are defined as having at least four wheels, an unladen weight of at least 300 pounds (lbs.) but less than 3,000 lbs., a permanent upright seat or saddle for the driver which is mounted at least 24 inches from the ground, and an identifying number.

(Reference House Bill 0002, 2016, House Bill 0166, 2019, and Wyoming Statutes 39-17-301 (a) and 31-3-102 (a) (xxiii))

Alternative Fuel Tax Rate

A license tax of $0.24 per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) or diesel gallon equivalent (DGE) is collected on all alternative fuel used, sold, or distributed for sale or use in Wyoming. Alternative fuels include compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), propane, electricity, and renewable diesel. For taxation purposes, one GGE of CNG is equal to 5.66 pounds (lbs.), one DGE of LNG is equal to 6.06 lbs., one GGE of propane is equal to 1.35 gallons, and one GGE of electricity is equal to 33.56 kilowatt-hours. For more information, refer to the Wyoming Department of Transportation Tax Rates website.

(Reference Wyoming Statutes 39-17-104, 39-17-204, 39-17-303, and 39-17-304)

Alternative Fuel Definition

Alternative fuels are defined as pure methanol, ethanol and other blends of at least 85% alcohol, natural gas, propane, coal-derived liquid fuels, hydrogen, electricity, pure biodiesel, renewable diesel, fuels other than alcohol that are derived from biological materials, and P-series fuels. Biodiesel is defined as mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats that meets current ASTM biodiesel standards.

(Reference Wyoming Statutes 39-17-301)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Annual Fee

All-electric vehicles are subject to an annual licensing fee of $316.40 for commercial vehicles and $210.87 for non-commercial vehicles. These fees also apply to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and flexible fuel vehicles, but only if they have an AFV license plate.

AFV license plates are subject to a one-time manufacturing fee of $25, an annual $20 registration fee, and a $35 special tag fee. Electric, natural gas, propane, bi-fuel, and dual-fuel vehicles are eligible for an AFV license plate.

For more information, see the Georgia Department of Revenue Motor Vehicle Policy Bulletin and the Annual AFV Fee website.

(Reference Georgia Code 40-2-86.1 and 40-2-151)

Public Utility Definition

An entity that sells electricity for the sole purpose of charging the battery of an electric vehicle (EV) is not defined or regulated as an electricity provider. An EV charging station operator may charge a submetered user only for kilowatt-hours used.

(Reference Maine Revised Statues Title 35-A Sections 313-A and 3201)

Public Utility Definition

Individuals, corporations, or other legal entities that sell electricity for the purpose of charging electric vehicles are not under the jurisdiction of the Idaho Public Utility Commission.

(Reference Idaho Statutes 61-119)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Sales Regulations

A motor vehicle franchisor that exclusively manufacturers ZEVs and was licensed by the New Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission prior to January 1, 2014, can buy from and sell vehicles to a consumer. The franchisor can own or operate up to four sales locations in the state and must have at least one retail facility for servicing ZEVs sold, offered for sale, or otherwise distributed in the state. The franchisor is not required to establish or operate a sales location at a ZEV service facility. Annually, all motor vehicle franchises must report the number of ZEVs sold in the state within the prior calendar year to the New Jersey Division of Taxation.

(Reference New Jersey Statutes 56:10-27.1 and 54:32B-8.55a)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Fee

In addition to standard registration fees, all-electric vehicle owners must pay an annual fee of $140 and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle owners must pay an annual fee of $75. Neighborhood electric vehicles are exempt from the fee.

(Reference Idaho Statutes 49-457 )

Residential Electric Vehicle (EV) Time of Use (TOU) Rate - ConEdison

ConEdison offers a TOU rate to residential customers that own or lease an eligible EV. For more information, including how to enroll, see the EV Rates website.

Hydrogen and Electric Vehicle (EV) Rebate

The Connecticut Hydrogen and Electric Automobile Purchase Rebate Program (CHEAPR) offers rebates for the incremental cost of the purchase or lease of a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV), all-electric vehicle (EV), or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV).

CHEAPR offers rebates of up to $9,500 for the purchase or lease a new eligible FCEV, EV, or PHEV. The manufacturer suggested retail price for new eligible vehicles may not exceed $50,000.

CHEAPR offers an additional rebate, Rebate Plus, for all applicants that participate in a state or federal income qualified program. Connecticut residents that participate in certain income qualified programs are also eligible to receive a rebate for the purchase or lease of a used eligible vehicle.

Rebates are offered in the following amounts:

Rebates are available on a first-come, first-served basis. For more information, see the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection CHEAPR website.

(Reference House Bill 7424, 2019)

(Reference Connecticut General Statutes 22a-202)

Utility Electrification Plans and Return on Investment Authorization

Utilities are authorized to submit transportation electrification plans that deploy electric vehicle (EV) charging stations or programs and incentives that support transportation electrification. Additionally, utilities may petition the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (UTC) for a rate of return on EV charging station installed for the benefit of ratepayers through December 31, 2030. The UTC may approve an additional 2% to the standard rate of return if the utility installs EV charging stations on a fully regulated basis similar to other capital investments behind a customer’s meter, and the expenditures do not increase ratepayer costs more than 0.25%. EV charging stations are subject to a depreciation schedule and may be gifted to the customer when fully depreciated. The UTC issued a report on the use and impacts of the incentive in 2017.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 80.28.360)

Voluntary Vehicle Retirement Incentives - San Joaquin Valley and South Coast

The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) and the South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD) administer Enhanced Fleet Modernization Program (EFMP) Pilot Retire and Replace programs, providing incentives to replace a vehicle eligible for retirement with a more fuel-efficient vehicle. Used vehicles must be no more than eight years old and applicants must live in the San Joaquin Valley or South Coast air basins. Eligible replacement vehicles must meet a minimum fuel economy average by model year or average at least 35 miles per gallon (mpg). Alternative fuel vehicles are also eligible, including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and battery-electric vehicles (EVs). Funding for alternative transportation mobility options, such as public transportation or car sharing, is also available in lieu of purchasing another vehicle. The incentive amounts vary by income level as compared to the Federal Poverty Level (FPL) and replacement vehicle type. All eligible applicants must have a household income that is at or below 400% of the FPL.

Residents living in qualified disadvantaged communities may be eligible for higher incentive amounts and, for residents replacing their vehicles with a PHEV or EV, a rebate of up to $2,000 for the purchase of electric vehicle supply equipment. Residents of South Coast AQMD may also be eligible to receive a rebate of $7,500 for alternative transportation mobility options. For more information, including eligible vehicles and applicable requirements, see the California Air Resources Board EFMP, SJVAPCD Drive Clean, and South Coast AQMD Replace Your Ride websites.

(Reference California Health and Safety Code 44062.3 and 44125)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Toll Discount Program

New Jersey Turnpike Authority’s Green Pass Discount Plan provides a 10% discount on off-peak New Jersey Turnpike and Garden State Parkway toll rates for drivers of EVs that have a fuel economy of 45 miles per gallon or higher and meet the California Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle standard. Vehicles must register with New Jersey E-ZPass. For more information, including application instructions, see the E-ZPass Discount Programs website.

Qualified Heavy-Duty Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Tax Credit

Taxpayers may be eligible for a tax credit for the purchase of a qualified heavy-duty AFV. Qualifying fuels include natural gas, electricity, and hydrogen. Each qualified heavy-duty AFV is eligible for the following tax credit amounts:

At least 50% of the qualified vehicle’s miles must be driven in the state. A single taxpayer may claim credits for up to 10 AFVs annually. If more than 30% of the total available tax credits in a single year have not been claimed by May 1, a taxpayer may apply for credits for an additional eight AFVs. Up to 25% of the tax credits are reserved for taxpayers with small fleets of less than 40 vehicles. Additional conditions and restrictions may apply. For more information, see the Utah Department of Environmental Quality Alternative Fuel Heavy Duty Vehicle Tax Credit Program website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Time-Of-Use (TOU) Rate - Salt River Project (SRP)

SRP offers a TOU rate for residential customers that own or lease an EV. For more information, including how to enroll, see the SRP EV Price Plan website.

Advanced Industries (AI) Accelerator Program Grants

The Colorado Office of Economic Development & International Trade (OEDIT) provides grants through the AI Accelerator Programs to promote growth and sustainability in Colorado’s AIs. Grants may be available for advanced industries such as vehicle and component manufacturing and biofuels. Four types of grants are available, including Proof of Concept, Early-Stage Capital and Retention, Collaborative Infrastructure, and AI Exports. For more information on each grant program, including eligibility requirements and how to apply, see the OEDIT AI Accelerator Programs website.

Government Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Incentive

The Virginia Department of Mines, Minerals and Energy, in collaboration with the Virginia Department of Transportation, offers up to $10,000 to state agencies and local governments for the incremental cost of new or converted AFVs. To be eligible, vehicles must comply with Buy America provisions or qualify for a waiver from the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration, and must be garaged in areas of air quality nonattainment, as recognized by the federal Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement (CMAQ) program. For more information, see the Virginia CMAQ Incentive Program website.

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Rebates

As part of the Delaware Clean Transportation Incentive Program, the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) offers rebates for the purchase or lease of a new AFV. The following rebate amounts are applicable for vehicles purchased or leased before December 31, 2022:

Eligible EVs and PHEVs may not have a retail price above $60,000. Eligible applicants include Delaware residents, businesses, organizations, and government entities. Rebates are limited to six vehicles per fleet. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, including application guidelines and participating dealerships, see the DNREC Clean Vehicle Rebate Program website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Rebates

As part of the Delaware Clean Transportation Incentive Program, Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) offers rebates of up to $3,500 per port for the purchase of Level 2 EV charging stations for use at public, workplace, commercial, and multi-unit dwelling (MUD) locations. Installation, labor, and other costs are not eligible. The maximum number of rebates an applicant may receive varies based on applicant type and EV charging station locations:

Rebates are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Eligible applicants include MUDs, businesses, organizations, non-profits, government entities, schools, colleges, and universities. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, including application guidelines, see the DNREC Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment Rebates website.

Commercial Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) and Fueling Infrastructure Tax Credit

Businesses are eligible to receive tax credits for purchasing new or used medium- and heavy-duty AFVs and medium- and heavy-duty vehicles converted to alternative fuels, and installing alternative fueling infrastructure. Eligible alternative fuels are natural gas, propane, hydrogen, dimethyl ether, and electricity. Tax credits for qualified alternative fueling infrastructure are for up to 50% of the cost to purchase and install the infrastructure. New commercial vehicle tax credit amounts vary based on gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) and are up to 75% of the incremental cost, with maximum credit values as follows:

Leased AFVs may receive a tax credit for 75% cost, up to $25,000 per vehicle. This exemption also applies to qualified used vehicles modified with a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-certified aftermarket conversion, if the vehicle is being sold for the first time after modification. Modified vehicles are eligible for credits equal to 50% of the commercial vehicle conversion cost, up to $25,000.

Each entity may claim up to $250,000 or credits for 25 vehicles per year. All credits earned must be used in that calendar year or the subsequent year. Tax credits are available on a first-come, first-served basis and are subject to annual limits of $2 million for vehicle credits, and $6 million for infrastructure.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 82.16.0496 and 82.04.4496)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Registration Tracking Program

The Texas Department of Motor Vehicles (Department) collects data on the number of AFVs registered in the state. The Department must submit an annual report to the Texas Legislature detailing the results of each data collection year. For the purpose of this program, AFVs include plug-in electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and natural gas vehicles. (Reference Texas Statutes, Transportation Code, 502.001 and 502.004)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Parking Space Regulation

An individual is not allowed to park a motor vehicle within any parking space specifically designated for public parking and fueling of AFVs unless the motor vehicle is an AFV fueled by electricity, natural gas, methanol, propane, gasoline blended with at least 85% ethanol (E85), or other fuel the Oregon Department of Energy approves. Eligible AFVs must also be in the process of fueling or charging to park in the space. A person found responsible for a violation is subject to traffic violation penalties. (Reference Oregon Revised Statutes 811.587 and 469B.100)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Incentives - San Joaquin Valley

The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) administers the Charge Up! Program, which provides funding for public agencies, businesses, and property owners of multi-unit dwellings for the purchase and installation of new EV charging stations. Rebates are available in the following amounts:

Annual funding is capped at $50,000 per applicant. For more information, including application requirements and restrictions, see the SJVAPCD Charge Up! Program website.

State Agency Low Carbon Fuel Use Requirement

At least 3% of the aggregate amount of bulk transportation fuel purchased by the state government must be from very low carbon transportation fuel sources. The required amount of very low carbon transportation fuel purchased will increase by 1% annually until January 1, 2024. Some exemptions may apply, as determined by the California Department of General Services (DGS). Very low carbon fuel is defined as a transportation fuel having no greater than 40% of the carbon intensity of the closest comparable petroleum fuel for that year, as measured by the methodology in California Code of Regulations Title 17, Sections 95480-95486. DGS will submit an annual progress report to the California Legislature.

(Reference California Code of Regulations Title 17, Section 95480-95486)

Hydrogen and Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Local Permitting Policies

All cities and counties, including charter cities, must adopt an ordinance that creates an expedited and streamlined permitting process for EV charging stations. Cities and counties must approve applications to install EV charging stations within five to ten business days, depending on the number of stations proposed in the application. Applications will be approved after 20 to 40 business days, if the county or city does not approve the application, the building official does not deny the application, or the city or county does not submit an appeal. Each city or county must consult with the local fire department or district and the utility director to develop the ordinance, which must include a checklist of all requirements for EV charging stations to be eligible for expedited review. A complete application that is consistent with the city or county ordinance must be approved, and entities submitting incomplete applications must be notified of the necessary required information to be granted expedited permit issuance. Beginning January 1, 2022, these provisions apply to cities and counties with populations above 200,000 residents. Beginning January 1, 2022, these provisions apply to cities and counties with populations less than 200,000 residents.

(Reference California Government Code 65850.7 and Assembly Bill 970, 2021)

Diesel Emissions Reduction Grants

The New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NHDES) provides U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) funding for projects that reduce diesel emissions in New Hampshire. Funding for up to 100% of eligible project costs is available for businesses, individuals, and local or state agencies that reduce diesel emissions by converting engines to alternative fuels, retrofitting exhaust controls, purchasing new vehicles, or adding idle reduction equipment. Eligible alternative fuels include propane, compressed natural gas, and electricity. Grants will be awarded on a competitive basis, with equity and environmental justice considerations as part of the evaluation criteria. For more information, including funding amounts and how to apply, see the NHDES New Hampshire DERA Project website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Fee

In addition to standard registration fees, EVs, including all-electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), are subject to an annual fee. The specific fees are as follows:

PHEV fees will increase by $2.50 per $0.01 that the state motor fuel tax exceeds $0.19 and EV fees will increase by $5.00 per $0.01 that the state motor fuel tax exceeds $0.19.

(Reference Michigan Compiled Laws 257.801)

Electric Vehicle Charging on Federal Property

The U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) or any federal agency may install electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) for federal employees and others authorized to park at federal facilities to charge their privately owned vehicles. Employees and other users must pay to reimburse federal agencies for the EVSE procurement, installation, and use. Federal agencies may provide EVSE through a contract with a vendor. GSA must submit a report to Congress by December 2018, and annually thereafter for 10 years, on the number of EVSE installed by GSA, the number of EVSE installation requests from other federal agencies, and the status of requests for EVSE from other federal agencies. (Reference Public Law 114-94)

National Alternative Fuels Corridors

The U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) designates a national network of plug-in electric vehicle (EV) charging and hydrogen, propane, and natural gas fueling infrastructure along national highway system corridors. To designate these Alternative Fuel Corridors (AFC), FHWA solicits nominations from state and local officials and works with other federal officials and industry stakeholders.

FHWA must establish an AFC grant program to award grants to eligible entities, by November 15, 2022. During the designation and redesignation process, in consultation with the U.S. Department of Energy, FHWA will issue a report identifying charging and fueling infrastructure, best practices and guidance for predictable infrastructure deployment, analyzing standardization needs for fuel providers and purchasers, and reestablishing the goal of achieving strategic deployment of fueling infrastructure in the designated corridors.

For the 2023 Request for Nominations (RFN), state and local officials must submit nominations to FHWA by June 21, 2023. State and local agencies can nominate additional corridors, extend currently designated corridors, nominate a different fuel(s) along an already designated corridor, and/or update the status of previously designated corridors.

The Round 7 RFN and AFC designation is tied to funding eligibility under the NEVI Formula Program and the Charging and Fueling Infrastructure Discretionary Grant Program. The FHWA encourages nominations that focus on EV charging infrastructure along Interstate corridors, but nominations may also be submitted elsewhere on the National Highway System. Corridor projects along Round 7 AFCs are not eligible for the 2023 Notice of Funding Opportunity for the Charging and Fueling Infrastructure Discretionary Grant Program, which closes June 13, 2023. When considering Round 7 nominations, FHWA strongly encourages segments of Interstates that do not currently have an EV designation, particularly longer Interstate segments that provide important through connectivity to adjoining States.

FHWA is also requesting input on proposed Freight EV Corridors designation, outlined in the Round 7 RFN.

FHWA must update and redesignate corridors periodically thereafter. For more information, including FHWA areas of interest for corridor designations and infrastructure development, see the FHWA Alternative Fuel Corridors website.

Public Utility Definition

According to the New York Public Service Commission (PSC), electric vehicle (EV) charging stations are not defined as electric plants and owners and operators of charging stations are not defined as electric corporations. The PSC does not have jurisdiction over publicly available EV charging stations, the owners and operators of the stations, or the transactions between the owners and operators of the stations, as long as the owners and operators do not fall within the definition of an electric corporation. (Reference New York State Department of Public Service Case 13-E-0199)

Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) and Plug-In Electric Vehicle (PEV) Weight Exemption

NGVs and PEVs may exceed the federal maximum gross vehicle weight limit for comparable conventional fuel vehicles by up to 2,000 pounds (lbs.). The NGV or PEV must not exceed a maximum gross vehicle weight of 82,000 lbs. (Reference Public Law 116-6 and 23 U.S. Code 127(s))

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Rebates

The Driving Rhode Island to Vehicle Electrification (DRIVE EV) rebate program offers rebates for the purchase or lease of ZEVs and PHEVs. Rebate amounts vary based on vehicle type:

ZEVs include all-electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. New vehicles may not have a purchase price above $60,000, and pre-owned vehicles may not have a purchase price above $40,000. All eligible vehicles must be purchased on or after July 7, 2022. An additional rebate of up to $2,000 is available to applicants that participate in a state or federal income-qualified program. Rebates are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis. For more information, including a list of income-qualified programs, see the DRIVE EV and DRIVE EV+ websites.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Infrastructure Bond Authorization

Interlocal entities, such as counties, local districts, and military installations, are authorized to issue bonds for EV charging infrastructure. EV charging infrastructure is defined as any permanent equipment on commercial or industrial property that charges or stores energy for delivery to EVs.

(Reference Utah Code 11-13-103, 11-13-203, 11-13-218, 11-42-102, and 11-42a-102)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Rebate Program

The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) provides rebates of up to $2,000 for the purchase or lease of a new eligible EV. An eligible vehicle must:

• Be a four-wheeled motor vehicle manufactured for use on public streets, roads, and highways;
• Have a gross vehicle weight rating of not more than 8,500 pounds;
• Have a maximum speed of at least 55 miles per hour; and,
• Be propelled at least in part by an electric motor that draws electricity from a hydrogen fuel cell or from a battery that has a capacity of at least four kilowatt-hours, and is capable of being charged by an external source of electricity.

Rebate amounts vary based on a vehicle’s all-electric range and manufacturer’s suggested retail price. For more information, including a list of eligible vehicles, see the NYSERDA Drive Clean Rebate website.

Transportation Electrification Acceleration Programs

The Oregon Public Utility Commission must direct electric utilities to file applications for programs to accelerate transportation electrification. Eligible programs include investments in or customer rebates for electric vehicle (EV) charging station. Among other criteria, programs must stimulate innovation, competition, and customer choice in EV charging stations and EV charging.

Additionally, the Oregon Department of Energy (ODOE) must engage with publicly and investor-owned utilities on how to improve transportation electrification plans and increase EV adoption in their service territories. ODOE must also provide the utilities with technical assistance on how to accommodate increased electric system loads from EVs.

(Reference Executive Order 17-21, 2017, and Oregon Revised Statues 757.357)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Grants

The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) provides grants through the It Pay$ to Plug In: New Jersey’s Electric Vehicle Workplace Charging Grant Program (Program) for EV charging station installation. Grants are available in the following amounts:

Grants are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis. Eligible EV charging stations must be located at workplaces, government agencies, non-profits, or multi-unit dwellings. The Program is part of New Jersey’s Energy Master Plan. For more information, including application and eligibility requirements, see the NJDEP It Pay$ to Plug In website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Tax Credit

Qualified EVs titled and registered in Colorado are eligible for a tax credit. Light-duty EVs purchased or leased before January 1, 2026, are eligible for a tax credit equal to the amounts below, per calendar year:

The credit amount for any qualifying truck is limited to the difference in manufacturer’s suggested retail price between the qualifying truck and a comparable truck that operates on either gasoline or diesel fuel.

Eligible purchased vehicles must be new, and eligible leased vehicles must have a lease term of not less than two years. A purchaser may assign the tax credit generated through the purchase or lease to any of the above categories of vehicle to the financing entity, allowing the purchaser to realize the value of the tax credit at the time of purchase or lease. The financing entity may collect an administrative fee of no more than $150.

For more information, see the Colorado Department of Revenue’s Income 69 FYI publication.

(Reference Colorado Revised Statutes 39-22-516.5, 39-22-516.7, and 39-22-516.8)

Public Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Requirements

Owners and operators of public EV charging stations that require payment must offer multiple payment options. In addition, payment should not require users to pay a subscription fee or obtain a membership of any kind, however payments may be based on price schedules for such memberships. Owners and operators may impose restrictions on the amount of time a vehicle can use the EV charging station.

In addition, owners and operators of public EV charging stations must disclose the location and characteristics of each EV charging station to the U.S. Department of Energy’s Alternative Fuels Data Center. Information that must be disclosed includes, but is not limited to, address, voltage, and timing restrictions.

(Reference Connecticut General Statutes 16-19ggg)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Registration Data

The Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) must record the number of EVs registered in Connecticut. An EV is defined as any all-electric vehicle, fuel cell electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, or range-extended EV. The data must be publicly available on the DMV website and include the total number of EVs registered each year. The DMV must update the information every six months. For more information, see the DMV Number of EVs Registered in Connecticut website.

(Reference Connecticut General Statutes 14-12(I))

Public Utility Definition

An owner of an electric vehicle charging station is not defined as a public utility.

(Reference Connecticut General Statutes 16-1(c))

Utility Company Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Load Projection Requirement

The Public Utilities Regulatory Authority requires electric distribution companies to integrate EV charging load projections into distribution planning. Projections will be based on the number of EVs registered in the state as well as projected fluctuations in EV sales. Electric distribution companies must publish annual reports detailing the EV charging load projections for the company’s distribution planning.

(Reference Connecticut General Statutes 16-19fff)

Utility Company Electric Vehicle (EV) Rates

By July 1, 2018, utility companies must evaluate if it is appropriate to implement EV time-of-use (TOU) rates for residential and commercial customers. A TOU rate is a rate for EVs that is designed to reflect the cost of electricity to the consumer at different times of the day. Utilities that have already made this determination prior to July 1, 2017, are not required to do so again. (Reference Connecticut General Statutes 16-19f)

Integrated Resources Plan Report

The Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP), in consultation with the electric distribution companies, must deliver a plan that analyzes, among other things, the potential for electric vehicles (EVs) to provide energy storage and other services to the electric grid, and identify strategies to ensure that the grid is prepared to support increased EV charging based on projections of sales of EVs. The report must be delivered biennially. Reports are published biennially and available on the DEEP Integrated Resources Planning website.

(Reference Connecticut General Statutes 16a-3a through 16a-3e)

Residential Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Rebates - Connexus Energy

Connexus Energy offers a rebate of up to $500 to residential customers toward the installation of a qualified Level 2 EV charging station. Eligible applicants must enroll in a time-of-use rate.

Connexus Energy also offers a $800 discount on EV charging stations purchased from the EnergyWise Minnesota store.

For more information, see the Conexus Energy EV website

Natural Gas Vehicle and Idle Reduction Weight Exemption

A vehicle powered in whole or part by natural gas, electricity, or hydrogen may exceed the state’s gross and axle weight limits by up to 2,000 pounds (lbs.), equal to the difference between the weight of the vehicle with the natural gas tank, battery, or hydrogen fueling system and the weight of a comparable diesel tank and fueling system. The exemption is allowed on all state roads and interstate highways, as defined in Title 23 of the Code of Federal Regulations section 127(s).

Any vehicle equipped with idle reduction technology may exceed the state’s gross vehicle weight limits by up to 400 lbs. to compensate for the additional weight of the idle reduction technology. The additional weight may not exceed the actual certified weight of the idle reduction unit. Upon request, vehicle operators must provide proof or certification of the weight of the idle reduction technology and proof that the idle reduction technology is fully functional.

(Reference House Bill 3054, 2022, Oklahoma Statutes 47-14-109, and Oklahoma Statutes 47-14-109.3)

Committee of Alternative Fuels Technician Examiners

The Committee of Alternative Fuels Technician Examiners (Committee) was established to assist the Commissioner of Labor on matters relating to the formulation of rules and standards to comply with the Alternative Fuels Technician Certification Act. The Committee includes experts in the natural gas, propane, and electric vehicle industries. (Reference Oklahoma Statutes 40-142.6)

Alternative Fuels Technician Certificates

The Department of Labor (DOL) will issue a certificate to any person who has successfully passed the appropriate alternative fuels equipment, alternative fuels compression, or electric vehicle technician examination as provided in the Alternative Fuels Technician Certification Act. A certification fee applies. For companies, partnerships, or corporations involved in the business of installing, servicing, repairing, modifying, or renovating equipment used in converting or modifying engines or fueling equipment to be used with alternative fuels, DOL will issue a separate certificate. Alternative fuels include propane, natural gas, methanol, ethanol, electricity, hydrogen, biodiesel, and more.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Rate Reduction - BGE

Baltimore Gas and Electric Company (BGE) offers time-of-use (TOU) rate for residential customers that own or lease an EV. Eligible customers must own a qualified Level 2 EV charging station, capable of separately tracking EV charging data. For more information, including qualifying EV charging stations, see the BGE EVsmart Vehicle Charging TOU Rate website.

State Agency Electric Vehicle (EV) and EV Charging Station Procurement

The state must pursue EV procurement opportunities for in the state fleet and install EV charging stations for use by state agencies. Where feasible and recommended by the State Government Energy Committee, state offices with more than 50 employees may also make EV charging stations available for employees, as long as energy cost is reimbursed by users.

(Reference Executive Order 2016-03)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station and Charging Incentive - Sonoma Clean Power (SCP)

Qualified SCP customers are eligible to receive a free Level 2 EV charging station with Wi-Fi capabilities. Customers are responsible for shipping and installation costs. Customers may also receive $5 per month for connecting the EV charging station to the GridSavvy Rewards program. Other terms and conditions may apply. For more information, see the SCP GridSavvy website.

Public Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Requirements

Owners and operators of public EV charging stations that require payment must provide payment options that allow access by the public. In addition, payment should not require users to pay a subscription fee or obtain a membership of any kind; however, required fees may be conditional on such memberships. Owners and operators can impose reasonable restrictions on EV charging stations use, such as limiting access to visitors of the business. In addition, owners and operators of public EV charging stations must provide the location, hours of operation, payment, and characteristics of each EV charging station to the U.S. Department of Energy’s Alternative Fuels Data Center.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 25A, Section 16B-16E)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Parking Space Regulations

A city or town may restrict certain parking areas for ZEVs, which includes all-electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles. A person who is found responsible for a violation of the restricted parking area may be subject to a penalty of no more than $50 and the vehicle may be removed from the parking spot.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 40, Section 22A)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Building Standards

At least one parking space in any new commercial construction with over 15 parking spaces must be made-ready for EV charging stations. An EV-ready space is defined as a designated parking space with a dedicated branch circuit for EV charging stations. Additional terms and conditions apply.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 143, Section 94 and 95 and Massachusetts State Building Code 780 CMR 13.00 Subsection C405.10)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) and Infrastructure Support

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Commission is established to recommend policies to expand access to ZEV infrastructure and to encourage the purchase and lease of these vehicles. The ZEV Commission, comprised of state agencies, is tasked with conducting ZEV feasibility studies on the following topics:

• Evaluating opportunities for electrification of the state fleet, including vehicles used by the regional transit authorities; and
• Assessing surcharges, levies, or other assessments to offset projected gas tax revenue loss from the purchase or operation of ZEVs.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 448, Section 5 and 6, 2016)

Public Entity Retail Electric Vehicle (EV) Infrastructure Authorization

Any state government entity, as well as any locality, park authority, public institution of higher education, or school boards, may operate retail fee-based EV charging infrastructure on its property. A locality may restrict use to employees of the locality and authorized visitors and may install signage that details these restrictions. Retail fee-based EV charging provided by state agencies must be offered at rates similar to those in competitive areas. EV charging infrastructure access must be restricted to employees, students, and authorized visitors only during school hours, and must be accompanied by appropriate signage.

(Reference 22.1-131, 56-1.2, 56-1.2:1, 56-232.2:1, and 2.2-614.5)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Conversion Grants

The Utah Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) Conversion to Alternate Fuel Grant Program provides grants to businesses and government entities that purchase clean vehicles or install conversion equipment on eligible vehicles that allows the vehicles to operate on alternative fuel or reduces a vehicle’s emissions of regulated pollutants. Award recipients are required to pass these savings along to the individual who purchases the converted vehicle. Grants may cover 100% of the cost of purchasing a clean vehicle or 50% of the cost of conversion, up to $2,500. Eligible clean vehicles must operate solely on alternative fuel, and may include on-road vehicles and off-road equipment. Eligible alternative fuels include propane, natural gas, and electricity. For more information, see the DEQ Conversion to Alternative Fuel Grant Program website.

(Reference Utah Code 19-1-401 through 19-1-403.3, and 19-2-301 through 19-2-304)

Clean Diesel Grant

The Rhode Island Clean Diesel Fund provides fleet operators, businesses, local and state government entities, schools districts, and other qualifying entities with reimbursement grants to reduce emissions from medium- and heavy-duty diesel vehicles. Eligible projects include on-road, non-road, and marine vehicle, engine, and equipment replacements. Eligible technology includes new diesel, alternative fuel, and zero emission vehicles. Eligible on-road vehicles must be registered and domiciled in Rhode Island, and 50% of the vehicle miles travelled or hours of operation must be in Rhode Island for at least five years after receiving the grant. For more information, including additional eligibility requirements, see the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management Diesel Emissions Reduction Act website.

(Reference Rhode Island General Laws 31-47.3-5.1)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Fee

ZEV owners must pay an annual road improvement fee of $100 upon vehicle registration or registration renewal for ZEVs model year 2020 and later. The California Department of Motor Vehicles will increase the fee annually to account for inflation, equal to the increase in the California Consumer Price Index for the prior year.

(Reference California Vehicle Code 9250.6)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Credit - Pepco

Pepco offers a $50 gift card to residential customers who purchase and install an eligible Level 2 EV charging station. For more information, including qualifying Level 2 EV chargers and how to apply, see the Pepco EVsmart website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Fee

In addition to standard registration fees, EV owners must pay an annual fee of $100. Low-speed and medium-speed vehicles are exempt from the fee.

(Reference Tennessee Code 55-4-116)

Alternative Fueling Infrastructure Grant Program

The Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) offers competitive grants to strengthen and expand the West Coast Electric Highway network by deploying Level 2 and direct current fast charging (DCFC) electric vehicle (EV) chargers and hydrogen fueling infrastructure along highway corridors in Washington. Eligible project costs include siting, equipment purchases, electrical upgrades, installation, operations, and maintenance. For more information, including funding availability and application periods, see the WSDOT Zero Emission Vehicle Grants website.

(Reference Revised Code of Washington 47.04.350)

Plug-In Electric Vehicle Credit - Vermont Electric Co-op (VEC)

VEC offers a $250 bill credit to members who purchase a new or pre-owned plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) and a $500 bill credit to members who purchase a new or pre-owned all-electric vehicle (EV). Members who lease a PHEV are eligible for an annual bill credit of $50 for each year of the lease, and members who lease an EV are eligible for an annual bill credit of $100 for each year of the lease. For more information, including how to apply, see the VEC Energy Transformation Program website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Rebate - Orlando Utilities Commission (OUC)

OUC provides rebates of $200 to residential customers who purchase or lease an eligible new or preowned EV. Applicants must apply within six months of the purchase or lease of the EV. For more information, see the OUC Electric Vehicles website.

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Fee

In addition to standard registration fees, owners of vehicles fueled with natural gas, hydrogen, or electricity must pay an annual fee of $200. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle owners must pay an annual fee of $100. (Reference West Virginia Code 17A-10-3C)

(Reference West Virginia Code 17A-10-3c)

Authorization of Governmental Alternative Fuel Fleet Grant Program

The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) must administer a grant program for governmental alternative fuel fleets to provide grants for the purchase or lease of a new vehicle and the purchase, lease, or installation of alternative fueling equipment. Eligible alternative fuels include natural gas, propane, hydrogen, and electricity. State agencies and political subdivisions are eligible to apply for a grant under the program if the entity operates a fleet of more than 15 vehicles. Mass transit and school transportation providers will also be eligible for grants.

TCEQ must establish standardized vehicle grant amounts based on the incremental costs associated with the purchase or lease of different categories of motor vehicle, including the fuel type, vehicle class, and other categories TCEQ considers appropriate. TCEQ will also establish standardized fueling equipment grant amounts.

(Reference Texas Statutes, Health and Safety Code 386.153)

All-Electric Vehicle (EV) Fee

EVs are subject to an additional registration fee of $75.

(Reference Minnesota Statutes 168.013)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle Fee

Owners of plug-in electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles must pay a biennial fee of $120, in addition to standard registration fees. Hybrid electric vehicle owners must pay a biennial fee of $60.

(Reference South Carolina Code of Laws 56-3-645 and 12-28-110(39)))

Light-Duty Alternative Fuel Vehicle Rebates

The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) administers the Light-Duty Motor Vehicle Purchase or Lease Incentive Program for the purchase or lease of a new light-duty vehicle powered by compressed natural gas (CNG), propane, hydrogen, or electricity. CNG and propane vehicles, including bi-fuel vehicles, are eligible for a rebate of up to $5,000. Electric drive vehicles powered by a battery or hydrogen fuel cell, including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles with a battery capacity of at least 4 kilowatt hours, are eligible for a rebate of up to $2,500. One rebate is available per eligible vehicle. Rebates are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis. For more information, including eligibility requirements and the application form, see the TCEQ Texas Emissions Reduction Plan website.

(Reference Texas Statutes, Health and Safety Code 386 and Texas Administrative Code 114.610-114.613)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) and Infrastructure Grants Authorization

The Nevada Office of Energy administers the Nevada Clean Energy Fund to fund qualified clean energy projects, including any program, technology, product, or service that supports the deployment of AFVs and related infrastructure. Technologies that involve the combustion of fossil fuels are not eligible for funding. For more information, see the Nevada Clean Energy Fund website. (Reference Nevada Revised Statutes 701B.930-995)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Demonstration Program Requirements

The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Demonstration Program (Program) requires Nevada utilities to promote and incentivize the deployment of EV charging stations. Utility customers may include public schools that install EV charging stations on-site or purchase electric school buses. Incentives may cover up to 75% of the installation or purchase cost.

Utilities may request to recover the costs associated with carrying out the Program, including customer incentives, by filing an application with the Nevada Public Utilities Commission.

(Reference Nevada Revised Statutes 701B.670 and 704.110)

Volkswagen (VW) Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Investment Plan

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) approved the VW California ZEV Investment Plan. As required by the October 2016 2.0-Liter Partial Consent Decree, VW must invest $800 million over ten years to support the increased adoption of ZEV technology in California. VW will submit a series of four 30-month cycle ZEV investment plans to CARB for approval. CARB has approved the Cycle 2 plan, covering July 2019 through December 2021. The Cycle 2 plan includes building a basic charging network, public outreach, education, and marketing, and ZEV access projects. ZEV infrastructure rollouts will be focused in nine metropolitan areas. VW will continue access efforts in Sacramento, with the goal of offering residents a better quality of life through enhanced mobility and improved air quality.

Electric Vehicle and Vehicle Efficiency Fees

All-electric vehicle owners must pay an annual fee of $115 or a per-mile road use fee of $0.019 per mile through the OReGo program. Medium-speed EV owners must pay an annual fee of $63. Hybrid electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles must pay an annual fee in the following amounts:

These fees are in addition to standard registration fees. Drivers with electric vehicles or vehicles with ratings over 40 mpg are exempt from additional registration fees if they enroll in the OReGo program. For more information, including how to apply, visit the OReGo program website.

(Reference Oregon Revised Statutes 803.420 through 803.422)

Clean School Bus Grants

The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality must use funds awarded to Oregon through the Volkswagen (VW) Environmental Mitigation Trust and deposited in the Clean Diesel Engine Fund, to award grants to owners and operators of at least 450 school buses powered by diesel engines. Eligible vehicles include buses that have at least three years of remaining useful life. Grants will be available for 30%, up to $50,000, for the purchase of a new bus or up to 100% of the cost to retrofit a school bus with emissions-reducing parts or technology that reduce diesel particulate matter emissions by at least 85%. Any money not expended under this Clean Diesel Engine Fund will fund grants for the reduction of diesel engine emissions as matching funds under the Diesel Emissions Reduction Act program. For more information, see the VW Settlement website.

(Reference Oklahoma Revised Statutes 468A.795-468A.803)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Parking Restriction

No person can stop, stand, or park a vehicle in a parking space where there is a EV charging station and signage indicating that parking is for EV charging only, unless the vehicle is connected to the charging equipment. Violations will be subject to a fine of $85.

(Reference Rhode Island General Laws 31-21-18 and Rhode Island General Laws 31-41.1-4)

Regional Electric Vehicle (REV) West Plan

Colorado joined Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming (Signatory States) in signing the REV West memorandum of understanding (MOU) to create an Intermountain West Electric Vehicle (EV) Corridor that will make it possible to seamlessly drive an EV across the Signatory States' major transportation corridors.

• Educate consumers and fleet owners to raise EV awareness, reduce range anxiety, and increase EV adoption;
• Coordinate on EV charging station locations to achieve a consistent user experience across Signatory States;
• Use and promote the REV West Voluntary Minimum Standards for EV charging stations and explore opportunities for implementing the standards in Signatory States;
• Identify and develop opportunities to incorporate EV charging stations into planning and development processes such as building codes, metering policies, and renewable energy generation projects;
• Encourage EV manufacturers to stock and market a wide variety of EVs within the Signatory States;
• Identify, respond to, and collaborate on funding opportunities to support the development of the plan; and
• Support the build-out of direct current (DC) fast charging stations along EV corridors through investments, partnerships, and other mechanisms.

Regional Electric Vehicle (REV) West Plan

Idaho joined Arizona, Colorado, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming (Signatory States) in signing the REV West memorandum of understanding (MOU) to create an Intermountain West Electric Vehicle (EV) Corridor that will make it possible to seamlessly drive an EV across the Signatory States’ major transportation corridors.

In 2019, the Signatory States signed a revised REV West MOU to update their EV corridor goals based on progress to date. Signatory States are committed to:

• Educate consumers and fleet owners to raise EV awareness, reduce range anxiety, and increase EV adoption;
• Coordinate on EV charging station locations to achieve a consistent user experience across Signatory States;
• Use and promote the REV West Voluntary Minimum Standards for EV charging stations and explore opportunities for implementing the standards in Signatory States;
• Identify and develop opportunities to incorporate EV charging stations into planning and development processes such as building codes, metering policies, and renewable energy generation projects;
• Encourage EV manufacturers to stock and market a wide variety of EVs within the Signatory States;
• Identify, respond to, and collaborate on funding opportunities to support the development of the plan; and
• Support the build-out of direct current (DC) fast charging stations along EV corridors through investments, partnerships, and other mechanisms.

The Signatory States maintain a coordination group composed of senior leadership from each state who meet on a quarterly basis and report on the above actions. For more information, see the REV West website.

Regional Electric Vehicle (REV) West Plan

Montana joined Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming (Signatory States) in signing the REV West memorandum of understanding (MOU) to create an Intermountain West Electric Vehicle (EV) Corridor that will make it possible to seamlessly drive an EV across the Signatory States' major transportation corridors.

• Educate consumers and fleet owners to raise EV awareness, reduce range anxiety, and increase EV adoption;
• Coordinate on EV charging station locations to achieve a consistent user experience across Signatory States;
• Use and promote the REV West Voluntary Minimum Standards for EV charging stations and explore opportunities for implementing the standards in Signatory States;
• Identify and develop opportunities to incorporate EV charging stations into planning and development processes such as building codes, metering policies, and renewable energy generation projects;
• Encourage EV manufacturers to stock and market a wide variety of EVs within the Signatory States;
• Identify, respond to, and collaborate on funding opportunities to support the development of the plan; and
• Support the build-out of direct current (DC) fast charging stations along EV corridors through investments, partnerships, and other mechanisms.

Regional Electric Vehicle (REV) West Plan

Nevada joined Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming (Signatory States) in signing the REV West memorandum of understanding (MOU) to create an Intermountain West Electric Vehicle (EV) Corridor that will make it possible to seamlessly drive an EV across the Signatory States’ major transportation corridors.

In 2019, the Signatory States signed a revised REV West MOU to update their EV corridor goals based on progress to date. Signatory States are committed to:

• Educate consumers and fleet owners to raise EV awareness, reduce range anxiety, and increase EV adoption;
• Coordinate on EV charging station locations to achieve a consistent user experience across Signatory States;
• Use and promote the REV West Voluntary Minimum Standards for EV charging stations and explore opportunities for implementing the standards in Signatory States;
• Identify and develop opportunities to incorporate EV charging stations into planning and development processes such as building codes, metering policies, and renewable energy generation projects;
• Encourage EV manufacturers to stock and market a wide variety of EVs within the Signatory States;
• Identify, respond to, and collaborate on funding opportunities to support the development of the plan; and
• Support the build-out of direct current fast charging (DCFC) stations along EV corridors through investments, partnerships, and other mechanisms.

The Signatory States maintain a coordination group composed of senior leadership from each state who meet on a quarterly basis and report on the above actions. For more information, see the REV West website.

Regional Electric Vehicle (REV) West Plan

New Mexico joined Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming (Signatory States) in signing the REV West memorandum of understanding (MOU) to create an Intermountain West Electric Vehicle (EV) Corridor that will make it possible to seamlessly drive an EV across the Signatory States’ major transportation corridors.

In 2019, the Signatory States signed a revised REV West MOU to update their EV corridor goals based on progress to date. Signatory States are committed to:

• Educate consumers and fleet owners to raise EV awareness, reduce range anxiety, and increase EV adoption;
• Coordinate on EV charging station locations to achieve a consistent user experience across Signatory States;
• Use and promote the REV West Voluntary Minimum Standards for EV charging stations and explore opportunities for implementing the standards in Signatory States;
• Identify and develop opportunities to incorporate EV charging stations into planning and development processes such as building codes, metering policies, and renewable energy generation projects;
• Encourage EV manufacturers to stock and market a wide variety of EVs within the Signatory States;
• Identify, respond to, and collaborate on funding opportunities to support the development of the plan; and
• Support the build-out of direct current fast charging (DCFC) stations along EV corridors through investments, partnerships, and other mechanisms.

The Signatory States maintain a Coordination Group composed of senior leadership from each state which meet on a quarterly basis and report on the above actions. For more information, see the REV West website.

Regional Electric Vehicle (REV) West Plan

Utah joined Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, and Wyoming (Signatory States) in signing the REV West memorandum of understanding (MOU) to create an Intermountain West Electric Vehicle (EV) Corridor that will make it possible to seamlessly drive an EV across the Signatory States’ major transportation corridors.

In 2019, the Signatory States signed a revised (REV West MOU)[https://www.naseo.org/issues/transportation/rev-west] to update their EV corridor goals based on progress to date. Signatory States are committed to:

• Educate consumers and fleet owners to raise EV awareness, reduce range anxiety, and increase EV adoption;
• Coordinate on EV charging station locations to achieve a consistent user experience across Signatory States;
• Use and promote the REV West Voluntary Minimum Standards for EV charging stations and explore opportunities for implementing the standards in Signatory States;
• Identify and develop opportunities to incorporate EV charging stations into planning and development processes such as building codes, metering policies, and renewable energy generation projects;
• Encourage EV manufacturers to stock and market a wide variety of EVs within the Signatory States;
• Identify, respond to, and collaborate on funding opportunities to support the development of the plan; and
• Support the build-out of direct current (DC) fast charging stations along EV corridors through investments, partnerships, and other mechanisms.

The Signatory States maintain a coordination group composed of senior leadership from each state who meet on a quarterly basis and report on the above actions. For more information, see the REV West website.

Regional Electric Vehicle (REV) West Plan

Wyoming joined Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah (Signatory States) in signing the REV West memorandum of understanding (MOU) to create an Intermountain West Electric Vehicle (EV) Corridor that will make it possible to seamlessly drive an EV across the Signatory States' major transportation corridors.

• Educate consumers and fleet owners to raise EV awareness, reduce range anxiety, and increase EV adoption;
• Coordinate on EV charging station locations to achieve a consistent user experience across Signatory States;
• Use and promote the REV West Voluntary Minimum Standards for EV charging stations and explore opportunities for implementing the standards in Signatory States;
• Identify and develop opportunities to incorporate EV charging stations into planning and development processes such as building codes, metering policies, and renewable energy generation projects;
• Encourage EV manufacturers to stock and market a wide variety of EVs within the Signatory States;
• Identify, respond to, and collaborate on funding opportunities to support the development of the plan; and
• Support the build-out of direct current (DC) fast charging stations along EV corridors through investments, partnerships, and other mechanisms.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Policies for Rental Properties

The tenant of a commercial space may apply to install EV charging stations for the use of the tenant, employees of the tenant, and customers of the tenant. Unless the premises does not have at least one parking space per rental unit, the landlord must approve a completed application no more than 60 days after the tenant submits the application. In the absence of a different tenant-landlord agreement, the EV charging stations will be personal property of the tenant and the tenant is responsible for all costs associated with installation and use of the EV charging station. The tenant is responsible for maintaining a renter’s liability insurance policy of at least $100,000. Upon the termination of the rental agreement, the landlord may require the tenant to remove the charging station and restore the premises. Additional requirements and restrictions apply. (Reference Oregon Revised Statutes 90.462)

Regional Electric Vehicle (REV) West Plan

Arizona joined Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming (Signatory States) in signing the REV West memorandum of understanding (MOU) to create an Intermountain West Electric Vehicle (EV) Corridor that will make it possible to seamlessly drive an EV across the Signatory States' major transportation corridors.

• Educate consumers and fleet owners to raise EV awareness, reduce range anxiety, and increase EV adoption;
• Coordinate on EV charging station locations to achieve a consistent user experience across Signatory States;
• Use and promote the REV West Voluntary Minimum Standards for EV charging stations and explore opportunities for implementing the standards in Signatory States;
• Identify and develop opportunities to incorporate EV charging stations into planning and development processes such as building codes, metering policies, and renewable energy generation projects;
• Encourage EV manufacturers to stock and market a wide variety of EVs within the Signatory States;
• Identify, respond to, and collaborate on funding opportunities to support the development of the plan; and
• Support the build-out of direct current (DC) fast charging stations along EV corridors through investments, partnerships, and other mechanisms.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Pilot Programs

The California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) may provide funding for pilot utility programs to install EV charging stations at school facilities, other educational institutions, and state parks or beaches. Priority must be given to locations in disadvantaged communities, as defined by the California Environmental Protection Agency. For more information, see the CPUC project guidance and the CPUC Zero Emission Vehicles website.

(Reference Public Utilities Code 740.13-740.14)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Parking Space Regulation

An individual may not park a motor vehicle within any on- or off-street parking space specifically designated by a local authority for parking and charging EVs unless the vehicle is an EV fueled by electricity. Eligible EVs must be in the process of charging to park in the space. A person found responsible for a violation is subject to traffic violation penalties.

(Reference California Vehicle Code 22511)

Zero-Emission and Autonomous Vehicle Infrastructure Support

Cities and counties that receive funding from the Road Maintenance and Rehabilitation Program are encouraged to use funds towards advanced transportation technologies and communication systems, including, but not limited to, zero-emission vehicle fueling infrastructure and infrastructure-to-vehicle communications for autonomous vehicles.

(Reference California Streets and Highways Code 2030)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Signage Authorization on Highways

EV charging station facilities located at roadside businesses are eligible to be included on state highway exit information signs. Signage must be consistent with California’s Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices.

(Reference California Streets and Highway Code 101.7)

Transportation Emissions Reduction Reporting

Massachusetts must meet annually declining greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions limits for mobile sources, as specified in the Massachusetts Global Warming Solutions Act. By July 1 of each year, the Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) must quantify and report aggregate MassDOT transportation GHG emissions. Among other measures to achieve reductions, MassDOT must increase electric vehicles (EVs) within the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority and MassDOT fleet and promote EV use by motorists.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 21N, Section 3 and Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection 310 CMR 60.05)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Rebate and ZEV Fueling Infrastructure Grant for Municipalities

The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation’s (NYSDEC) Municipal ZEV Program offers rebates to cities, towns, villages, counties, and New York City boroughs for the purchase or lease of eligible ZEVs and grants for purchase and installation of public ZEV fueling infrastructure. Rebates of up to $7,500 are available for ZEVs and up to $500,000 for ZEV fueling infrastructure. ZEV rebate amounts vary based on a vehicle’s all-electric range and gross vehicle weight rating. Municipalities may apply for multiple ZEV rebates, worth up to $375,000, and multiple ZEV infrastructure grants, worth up to $500,000. Additional rules and conditions apply. For more information, including eligible projects and application periods, see the NYSDEC Grant Funding for Municipalities website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Fees

In addition to standard registration fees, all-electric vehicle owners must pay an annual fee of $100. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle owners must pay an annual fee of $75.

(Reference Wisconsin Statutes 341.25(1)(L))

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Rebate - South Coast and MSRC

The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) and the Mobile Source Air Pollution Reduction Review Committee’s (MSRC) Residential EV Charging Incentive Pilot Program offers rebates of up to $250 towards the purchase of a qualified residential Level 2 EV charging station. Low-income residents are eligible for an increased rebate amount of $500. Funding is available on a first-come, first-served basis to residents within the SCAQMD jurisdiction. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, including application guidelines, see the Residential EV Charging Incentive Pilot Program website.

Colorado Electric Vehicle (EV) Plan

The Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT), along with the Transportation Electrification Workgroup, will develop a zero emission vehicle (ZEV) and clean transportation plan containing strategies that support the deployment of ZEVs and expand mobility options to save energy, reduce congestion, and improve the safety of Colorado’s transportation network. In March 2023, CDOT released the Colorado EV Plan 2020 (Plan), supporting the state’s long-term goal of electrifying 100% of light-duty vehicles (LDVs) and transitioning 100% of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles (MHDVs) to ZEVs by 2050. To meet these goals, the Plan recommends the following actions:

• Increase the number of light-duty EVs to 940,000 by 2030;
• Increase adoption of medium- and heavy-duty ZEVs to at least 30% of new sales by 2030;
• Work with utilities, private companies, site hosts, local governments, and others to increase the deployment of EV charging stations and infrastructure across the state to meet 2030 LDV and MHDV ZEV goals;
• Encourage the replacement of car trips with electric mobility options where feasible;
• Engage community-based organizations and underserved communities in EV deployment planning; and

• Establish workforce development and training goals to support ZEV and related infrastructure deployment.

  (Reference Executive Order B 2019 002, 2019 and Colorado Revised Statutes 24-38.5-110)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Time-Of-Use (TOU) Rates - Xcel Energy

Xcel Energy offers two TOU rate options for residential customers that own an EV. The EV Accelerate at Home rate requires customers to choose an eligible, separately metered Level 2 charger that Xcel Energy installs and maintains. The Separate Meter rate only requires customers to install a separate meter to measure electricity used for EV charging. For rate information, including eligibility requirements, see Xcel Energy’s EV Rate Options website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Incentives - Brickell Energy

Brickell Energy’s aFLoat Program offers two different incentives to facilitate the installation of EV charging stations in Florida. Through the aFLoat Host Agreement, Brickell Energy will cover the cost of hardware, network service plans, management service, and warranties. Eligible hosts include commercial real estate property owners and managers. Hosts must cover the cost of installation. The aFLoat Rental Plan offers public and commercial locations, the EV charging station hardware, network service plan, management service, and warranties at a reduced fee. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see Brickell Energy’s aFLoat Program website.

Non-Residential Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Rebate - Rocky Mountain Power

Rocky Mountain Power provides rebates to non-residential and multi-family customers toward the purchase of Level 2 and direct current fast charging (DCFC) station. Customers installing Level 2 EV charging stations may receive a rebate of 75% of equipment cost, up to $1,000 for single port stations and $1,500 for multi-port stations. Customers installing DCFC stations may receive a rebate of 75% of equipment and installation cost, up to $30,000 for single port stations and $42,000 for multi-port stations.

Rebates are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, see the Rocky Mountain Power Utah EV Incentives website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station and Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) Policies for Condominiums

Condominium associations may not prohibit or restrict the installation or use of EV charging station or NGV fueling station in a homeowner’s designated parking space. Condominium associations may put reasonable restrictions on EV charging station or NGV fueling station, but the policies may not significantly increase the cost of the EV charging station or NGV fueling station or prohibit installation. Homeowners may be required to comply with applicable safety codes and architectural standards, engage a licensed installation contractor, provide a certificate of insurance, and reimburse the cost of any increased insurance premium associated with the EV charging station or NGV fueling station. The homeowner of the parking space equipped with EV charging stations or NGV fuel is responsible for the cost of the installation, operation, maintenance, repair, removal, or replacement of the station, as well as any resulting damage to the EV charging station or surrounding area. (Reference Florida Statutes 718.113)

Public Utility Definition

A person or corporation that supplies electricity to the public exclusively to charge electric vehicles is not defined as a public utility.

(Reference Arkansas Code 23-1-101(9)))

Electric Drive Vehicle Registration Fee

Electric vehicle owners are required to pay an additional registration fee of $150, and plug-in hybrid and hybrid electric vehicles are required to pay an additional registration fee of $50. The Indiana Bureau of Motor Vehicles will determine new fee amounts every five years. (Reference Indiana Code 9-18.1-5-12)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Rebate - Burbank Water and Power (BWP)

BWP provides rebates to commercial and residential customers toward the purchase of Level 2 EV charging stations. Residential customers may receive a rebate of up to $500 to purchase and install a Level 2 charging station. Commercial or multi-unit dwelling customers may receive up to $15,000 for the purchase and installation of Level 2 or direct current fast charging (DCFC) stations.

Rebates are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Customers in disadvantaged communities are eligible for higher rebate amounts. For program guidelines and application materials, see the BWP Residential Electric Vehicle Charger Rebate and Lead the Charge websites.

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Autonomous Vehicles (AV) Support

The Massachusetts Commission on the Future of Transportation in the Commonwealth (Commission) was established to advise the Governor’s Office on how to understand and plan for transportation advancements, including the increasing deployment of EVs and AVs, in the Commonwealth from 2020 through 2040. The Commission investigated the following topics:

• Transportation electrification and the infrastructure necessary to support the increasing deployment of EVs;
• Autonomous and connected vehicles and the infrastructure necessary to support the increasing deployment of these technologies;
• Impact of on-demand transit and mobility services on public transportation;
• Impact of greenhouse gas emissions on transportation and methods to increase resiliency of transportation infrastructure; and
• Land use or demographic changes that will shape future transportation planning.

The Commission submitted a report on its findings and recommendations to the Governor’s Office in December 2018. For more information, see the Commission website.

(Reference Executive Order 579 and 580, 2019)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Adoption Support

To support the state goal of at least 50,000 EVs registered and operating in Oregon by 2020, the Zero-Emission Vehicle Working Group (Working Group) will develop goals and progress metrics for EV adoption. The Working Group will include representatives from the Departments of Administrative Services, Energy, Transportation, and Environmental Quality, and the Oregon Public Utility Commission. The Working Group will aim to remove barriers to EVs and EV charging stations and share information about their efforts with the public. For more information, see the ODOT Zero Emission Vehicle Working Group and Go Electric Oregon websites. (Reference Executive Order 17-21, 2017)

Volkswagen (VW) Settlement Allocation

The Department Environmental Quality (DEQ), with the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT), Oregon Department of Energy (ODOE), and Oregon Health Authority Public Health Division, engaged stakeholders and received public comments to inform the development of a plan to leverage up to 15% of the VW Environmental Mitigation Trust to support vehicle electrification. The plan includes the development and maintenance of electric vehicle charging stations, with a focus on rural and low-income communities.

ODOT, with ODOE, DEQ, the Public Utility Commission, and local governments, must develop proposals for future 30-month investment periods of Electrify America's Zero-Emission Vehicle Investment Plan. More information can be found on the Go Electric Oregon website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station Building Standards for New Construction

By July 1, 2022, the Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services, Building Code Division, must amend the state building code to require that 20% of parking spaces at all newly constructed commercial buildings, multifamily residences with five or more units, and mixed-use developments have the electrical capacity to support Level 2 EV charging stations. New residential construction must be able to support the installation of one Level 2 EV charging stations. (Reference House Bill 2180, 2021)

Establishment of Recognition Programs for Electric Vehicle (EV) Adoption

The Oregon Department of Energy (ODOE) must design and establish Governor's Awards for automobile dealerships to encourage sales of EVs. ODOE must also design and establish Governor's Awards for businesses and organizations that support EV adoption through installing charging infrastructure and using EVs in their fleets. More information, including nomination forms, can be found on the Go Electric Oregon website. (Reference Executive Order 17-21, 2017)

Zero-Emission Buses Support

The Oregon Department of Energy (ODOE), with the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT), Public Utility Commission (PUC), Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), and the Department of Education, must develop tools and provide assistance for school districts considering zero-emission bus options when replacing school buses.

ODOT, with ODOE, PUC, and DEQ, must develop tools and best practices to help transit agencies when making decisions about using zero-emission buses in transit fleets. ODOT must also work with transit agencies, ODOE, DEQ, and the Oregon Health Authority Public Health Division to access the environmental, public health, and financial benefits of an accelerated transition to zero-emission buses. For more information, see ODOE’s Guide to School Bus Electrification and the ODOT Transit Fleet Electrification website.

(Reference Executive Order 17-21, 2017)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Wind Energy Promotion - Great River Energy

Great River Energy’s Revolt initiative offers customers the ability to power an EV with 100% wind energy for the lifetime of the vehicle. The program requires no additional cost, however standard or off-peak rates still apply for the electricity used. For more information, see the Great River Energy Revolt website.

Volkswagen (VW) Settlement Allocation