Ethanol Laws and Incentives in Minnesota
The list below contains summaries of all Minnesota laws and incentives related to ethanol.
Laws and Regulations
Alternative Fuel Tax
The Minnesota Department of Revenue imposes an excise tax on the first licensed distributor that receives E85 fuel products in the state and on distributors, special fuel dealers, or bulk purchasers of other alternative fuels. The Minnesota Department of Revenue Commissioner must determine the tax rate for alternative fuel sales annually. The tax rate for E85 is set by the Minnesota Highway Construction Cost Index. Propane is taxed at a minimum rate of $0.1875 per gallon, liquefied natural gas is taxed at a minimum rate of $0.15 per gallon, and compressed natural gas is taxed at a minimum rate of $1.974 per thousand cubic feet. Exemptions apply for certain categories of fuel purchasers.
(Reference Minnesota Statutes 296A.07 and 296A.08 and House Bill 2887, 2023)
Biofuel Blend Mandate
All gasoline sold or offered for sale in Minnesota must contain at least: - 10% corn-based ethanol by volume or the maximum percent by volume of corn-based ethanol authorized in a waiver issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), whichever is greater; or - 10% other biofuel authorized in an EPA waiver by volume, or a biofuel formulation registered by EPA under Title 42 of the Code of Federal Regulations, section 7545.
Biofuel is defined as renewable fuel with an approved fuel pathway under the Energy Policy Act of 2005, as amended under the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007.
Any biofuel may be used to meet the standards above, but corn-based ethanol may not comprise less than the following percentages of the total biofuel use in the state by the date specified:| Date | Minimum Amount of Corn-Based Ethanol |
|---|---|
| January 1, 2020 | 60% |
| January 1, 2025 | No Minimum |
(Reference Minnesota Statutes 239.761 and 239.791)
Biofuel Incentive Authorization
The Agricultural Growth, Research, and Innovation Program may offer grants, loans, or other financial incentives to alternative fuel retailers for the installation of ethanol blender pumps or other rural economic infrastructure activities, or to producers of transportation fuels from cellulosic material or bio-based products.
(Reference Minnesota Statutes 41A.12 and Senate Bill 1955, 2023)
E85 Definition
E85 is defined as a blend of ethanol and gasoline that contains no more than 85% ethanol and is produced for use in alternative fuel vehicles. E85 must comply with ASTM Standard D5798-11.
(Reference Minnesota Statutes 239.761)
Ethanol Fuel Blend Dispensing Regulations
Gasoline blended for use in an alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) may contain any percentage of agriculturally derived, denatured ethanol, up to and including 85% (E85). Ethanol and gasoline blended at the point of retail sale in an ethanol-blending fuel dispenser must be clearly labeled “FLEX-FUEL VEHICLES ONLY.” If a retailer sells both ethanol blends for use in AFVs as well as ethanol blends for use in standard combustion engines, the ethanol blends for use in a standard combustion engine must be dispensed from dedicated hoses, nozzles, or other equipment, and clearly labeled for use in conventional vehicles. Retailers are not responsible for customers’ self-service fueling actions as long as they meet these requirements.
(Reference Minnesota Statutes 239.761 and 296A.01)
Minnesota Biofuels Replacement Goals
The Minnesota Department of Weights and Measures promotes the replacement of petroleum used in the state with the goal that biofuels will account for at least the specified percentage of all gasoline offered for sale by the dates below:
| Calendar Year | Biofuel Replacement Schedule |
|---|---|
| 2020 | 25% |
| 2025 | 30% |
(Reference Minnesota Statutes 239.7911)
State Agency Sustainability Plan and Requirements
Each state department or agency must prepare a biennial sustainability plan, that includes ways to modify vehicle use practices, and report annually on progress towards implementing their plan. Each state agency plan must prioritize the purchase of on-road vehicles that use alternative fuels. Vehicle purchasing priority is as follows:
1. Electric vehicles
2. Hybrid electric vehicles
3. Vehicles that use alternative fuels, including biodiesel blends of 20% (B20) or greater, compressed or liquefied natural gas, ethanol blends of 70% (E70) or greater, hydrogen, or propane
4. Gasoline or diesel vehicles
High priority vehicle types may be rejected if the vehicle type is incapable of carrying out its purpose or the total cost of ownership is more than 10% higher than the next vehicle in the preference list. Emergency and law enforcement vehicles are exempt from this requirement. State agency plans must also, among other things, encourage state employees to fuel vehicles with alternative fuels when available and increase the use of renewable fuels derived from agricultural products or waste products.
(Reference Minnesota Statutes 16C.135 and 16C.137 and House Bill 2310, 2023)
State Incentives
Ethanol Production Facility Environmental Assessment Exemption
An ethanol production facility that produces less than 125 million gallons of ethanol annually and is located outside of the seven-county metropolitan area is exempt from preparing an environmental impact statement. In addition, an environmental assessment worksheet is not required for the expansion of an ethanol or biobutanol production facility or for the conversion of an ethanol facility to produce biobutanol. Exceptions may apply.
(Reference Minnesota Statutes 41A.09 and 116D.04)
More Laws and Incentives
To find laws and incentives for other alternative fuels and advanced vehicles, search all laws and incentives.