Massachusetts Laws and Incentives

Listed below are the summaries of all current Massachusetts laws, incentives, regulations, funding opportunities, and other initiatives related to alternative fuels and vehicles, advanced technologies, or air quality. You can go directly to summaries of:

• State Incentives (13)
• Utility / Private Incentives (22)
• Laws and Regulations (36)

State Incentives

Massachusetts’ National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) Planning

The U.S. Department of Transportation’s (DOT) NEVI Formula Program requires the Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) to submit an annual EV Infrastructure Deployment Plan (Plan) to the DOT and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Joint Office of Energy and Transportation (Joint Office), describing how the state intends to distribute NEVI funds. The submitted plans must be established according to NEVI guidance.

For more information about Massachusetts’ NEVI planning process, see the MassDOT NEVI Plan website. To review Massachusetts’ NEVI plan, see the Joint Office State Plans for EV Charging website.

Diesel Emissions Reductions Grants

The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP) provides U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) funding for projects that reduce diesel emissions in Massachusetts. Funding for eligible project costs is available for local or state agencies and public colleges and universities that reduce diesel emissions by converting engines to alternative fuels, retrofitting exhaust controls, purchasing new vehicles, or adding idle reduction equipment. MassDEP prioritizes projects that benefit environmental justice communities. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, including funding amounts and how to apply, see the MassDEP Apply for a DERA Open Solicitation Grant website.

Public Access Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Grants

The Public Access Charging Program provides grants to non-residential entities for 80% of the cost of Level 2 EV chargers and installation, and a maximum of $50,000 per street address for hardware and installation costs. Installations at government property qualify for 100% of the cost, up to $50,000. Qualified EV chargers must be available to the public at least 12 hours per day. This program is part of Massachusetts Electric Vehicle Incentive Program (MassEVIP) and is funded by Massachusetts’ portion of the Volkswagen Environmental Mitigation Trust. For more information, including future funding availability, application, and eligibility requirements, see the MassEVIP Public Access Charging Incentives website.

Multi-Family Housing (MFH) and Educational Campus Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Grants

The Massachusetts Electric Vehicle Incentive Program (MassEVIP) provides grants for 60% of the cost of Level 1 or Level 2 EV chargers installed at MFHs and educational campuses, up to $50,000 per street address. Eligible entities include private, public, or non-profit MFHs with five or more residential units, and educational campuses with at least 15 students on campus. The program is funded by Massachusetts’ portion of the Volkswagen Environmental Mitigation Trust. Applications are accepted on a first-come, first-served basis until funds are exhausted. For more information, including funding availability, application, and eligibility requirements, see the Apply for MassEVIP MUD Charging and Educational Campus Incentives website.

Workplace and Fleet Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Grants

The Massachusetts Electric Vehicle Incentive Program (MassEVIP) provides grants for 60% of the cost of Level 1 or Level 2 EV chargers, up to $50,000 per street address. Eligible entities include private, public, or non-profit workplaces and fleets with 15 or more employees on site. The program is funded by Massachusetts’ portion of the Volkswagen Environmental Mitigation Trust. Applications are accepted on a first-come, first-served basis until funds are exhausted. For more information, including funding availability, application, and eligibility requirements, see the Apply for MassEVIP Workplace and Fleet Charging Incentives website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Grants for Public Fleets

The Massachusetts Electric Vehicle Incentive Program (MassEVIP) provides grants for the purchase or lease of qualified EVs and zero emission motorcycles. Eligible applicants include local governments, public universities and colleges, and state agencies. Vehicle incentives are available in the following amounts:

Vehicle Type	Incentive for Purchase	Incentive for Lease
All-electric vehicle (EV)	Up to $7,500	Up to $5,000
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV)	Up to $5,000	Up to $3,000
Zero emission motorcycle	Up to $750	N/A

Applicants may receive funding for a maximum of 25 vehicles, including EVs, PHEVs, and zero emission motorcycles.

Applications are accepted on a first-come, first-served basis until funds are exhausted. For more information, including funding availability, application, and eligibility requirements, see the Apply for MassEVIP Fleet Incentives website.

Light-Duty Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Rebates

Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources’ Massachusetts Offers Rebates for Electric Vehicles (MOR-EV) Program offers residents, non-profits, and businesses rebates of up to $3,500 for the purchase or lease of eligible new ZEVs. Eligible non-profit and business fleet vehicles may include rental cars, company cars, and light-duty delivery vehicles. An additional $1,500 rebate is available to applicants participating in an eligible income-qualified state assistance program. Applicants must apply within three months of the vehicle purchase or lease date and must retain ownership of the vehicle for a minimum of 36 months. For more information, including application and eligibility requirements, see the MOR-EV website.

Pre-Owned Light-Duty Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Rebates

Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources’ Massachusetts Offers Rebates for Electric Vehicles (MOR-EV) Program offers low-income residents a rebate of up to $3,500 for the purchase or lease of eligible pre-owned ZEVs. Pre-owned vehicle purchase price must be below $40,000. An additional $1,500 rebate is available to applicants participating in an eligible income-qualified state assistance program. For more information, including application, income, and eligibility requirements, see the MOR-EV website.

Zero Emission Truck Rebates

Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources’ Massachusetts Offers Rebates for Electric Vehicles (MOR-EV) Trucks Program offers rebates for the purchase or lease of all-electric and hydrogen fuel cell electric trucks, buses, and vans. Eligible vehicles must have a manufacturer’s suggested retail price of less than $2,000,000. Rebate amounts are available in a declining three block rate structure, determined by the number of trucks per weight group. Rebates are offered in the following amounts:

Applicants may apply for a voucher to reserve a rebate at the current rebate block value. A voucher may be provided to an applicant who has demonstrated an intent to purchase, which may be evidenced by a completed purchase order. Applicable vehicles that are registered or operate with an environmental justice community at least 50% of the time are eligible for an increased rebate amount.

Applicants must apply for a rebate following the purchase and registration of the truck in Massachusetts and must retain ownership of the truck for a minimum of 48 months. MOR-EV Trucks rebates cannot be combined with funds from the Department of Environmental Protection Volkswagen Settlement-Funded Grant & Incentive Programs or Massachusetts Diesel Emissions Reduction Act programs.

Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, including the number of currently available rebates, see the MOR-EV Rebate Program website.

Light-Duty Zero Emission Truck Rebates

Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources’ Massachusetts Offers Rebates for Electric Vehicles (MOR-EV) Program offers residents, nonprofits, local and state government fleets, educational institutions, and businesses rebates of up to $7,500 toward either:

• The purchase or lease of eligible new all-electric and hydrogen fuel cell electric pick-up trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) between 6,000 pounds (lbs.) and 10,000 lbs.; or,
• The purchase or lease of eligible new all-electric and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles of any body type with a GVWR between 8,501 lbs. and 10,000 lbs.

Eligible vehicles must have a manufacturer’s suggested retail price of less than $80,000. For more information, see the MOR-EV Pick-Ups and Class 2b Vehicles website.

Electric Vehicle Emissions Inspection Exemption

Vehicles powered exclusively by electricity are exempt from state motor vehicle emissions inspections. For more information, see the Massachusetts Vehicle Check website.

(Reference Code of Massachusetts Regulations 310-60.02)

Idle Reduction Weight Exemption

Any motor vehicle equipped with qualified idle reduction technology may exceed the state gross, axle, tandem, or bridge weight limits by up to 400 pounds to account for the weight of the technology. The idle reduction technology must be able to provide electrical service, heating, or cooling to the vehicle. The additional weight may not exceed the actual weight of the idle reduction unit. The vehicle operator must also be able to prove the weight of the idle reduction technology and demonstrate that the technology is fully functional.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 90, Section 19A)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Rebate

Residential customers of participating Massachusetts municipal light plants (MLPs) may be eligible for a free or discounted Level 2 EV charger through the Massachusetts NextZero program. Incentives vary by MLP. Additional terms and conditions apply. For more information, including participating MLPs, see the NextZero website.

Utility / Private Incentives

Belmont Light - Massachusetts

Belmont Light is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Belmont Light website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Braintree Electric Light Department (BELD) - Massachusetts

Braintree Electric Light Department (BELD) is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Braintree Electric Light Department (BELD) website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Concord Municipal Light - Massachusetts

Concord Municipal Light is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Concord Municipal Light website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Danvers Electric - Massachusetts

Danvers Electric is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Danvers Electric website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Eversource - Massachusetts

Eversource is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in multiple states. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Eversource website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Georgetown Municipal Light Department - Massachusetts

Georgetown Municipal Light Department is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Georgetown Municipal Light Department website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Groton Electric Light Department - Massachusetts

Groton Electric Light Department is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Groton Electric Light Department website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Groveland Electric - Massachusetts

Groveland Electric is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Groveland Electric website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Hingham Municipal Light Plant - Massachusetts

Hingham Municipal Light Plant is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Hingham Municipal Light Plant website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Hudson Light and Power - Massachusetts

Hudson Light and Power is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Hudson Light and Power website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Ipswich Electric Light Department - Massachusetts

Ipswich Electric Light Department is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Ipswich Electric Light Department website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Mansfield Municipal Electric - Massachusetts

Mansfield Municipal Electric is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Mansfield Municipal Electric website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Marblehead Electric CO - Massachusetts

Marblehead Electric CO is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Marblehead Electric CO website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Middleton Electric Light Dept - Massachusetts

Middleton Electric Light Dept is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Middleton Electric Light Dept website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

National Grid - Massachusetts

National Grid is an investor-owned utility (IOU) that operates in multiple states. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the National Grid website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

North Attleborough Electric Department - Massachusetts

North Attleborough Electric Department is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the North Attleborough Electric Department website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Reading Municipal Light Department - Massachusetts

Reading Municipal Light Department is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Reading Municipal Light Department website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Rowley Municipal Light Plant - Massachusetts

Rowley Municipal Light Plant is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Rowley Municipal Light Plant website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Shrewsbury Electric and Cable Operations (SELCO) - Massachusetts

Shrewsbury Electric and Cable Operations (SELCO) is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Shrewsbury Electric and Cable Operations (SELCO) website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Taunton Municipal Light Plant - Massachusetts

Taunton Municipal Light Plant is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Taunton Municipal Light Plant website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Town of Merrimac - Massachusetts

Town of Merrimac is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Town of Merrimac website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Wakefield Municipal Gas & Light - Massachusetts

Wakefield Municipal Gas & Light is a municipal utility that operates in Massachusetts. This page provides a summary of the types of incentives provided by the utility related to alternative fuels and vehicles. For more information on these incentives, see the Wakefield Municipal Gas & Light website.

Residential Incentives

Non-Residential Incentives

Laws and Regulations

State Emissions Reductions Requirements

Building upon the framework in the Massachusetts 2050 Decarbonization Roadmap Report, the Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs (EEA) and Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources (DOER) must adopt a statewide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions limit that achieves net zero statewide GHG emissions by 2050, or at least 85% below the 1990 level. By 2025, and every five years thereafter until 2050, EEA and DOER must set interim statewide GHG emissions limit, accompanied by a roadmap to achieve that limit. EEA and DOER must also set numerical benchmarks to track the adoption of electric vehicles.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 21N, Section 3 and  Massachusetts Session Laws Chapter 8, Section 5, 2021)

State Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) and Infrastructure Deployment Requirements

Massachusetts executive branch agencies and public institutions of higher education must collectively work to meet the following targets, to the extent feasible:

Acquire ZEVs so that the total state fleet consists of:

• 5% ZEVs in 2025;
• 20% ZEVs in 2030;
• 75% ZEVs in 2040; and
• 100% ZEVs in 2050

Starting in the following years, all listed vehicle acquisitions must be ZEVs:

• Fiscal year (FY) 2023, all vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 8,500 pounds (lbs.) or less.
• FY 2025, all vehicles with a GVWR of 14,000 lbs. or less.
• FY 2030, all vehicles with a GVWR of 14,000 lbs. or more.

Increase the total number of electric vehicle (EV) chargers on state properties to:

• 350 EV chargers in 2025; and
• 500 EV chargers in 2030.

All agencies must assess and implement strategies to reduce vehicle fossil fuel use to the greatest extent feasible, including, but not limited to, acquiring the most fuel-efficient and appropriately-sized vehicle models, conducting fleet optimization evaluations, identifying opportunities to reduce vehicle miles traveled, and educating employees on efficient driving practices. Additionally, agencies must prioritize vehicle deployment at facilities located in environmental justice communities.

Police vehicles are exempt from these requirements, but public safety agencies are encouraged to meet these requirements as long as vehicles meet operational needs.

Additional conditions apply. For more information, see the Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources Leading by Example Program website.

(Reference Executive Order 594, 2021)

Biodiesel Use Requirement

All agencies that purchase and store diesel fuel at their own facilities as of July 1, 2021, must purchase and use a biodiesel blend that contains at least 5% biodiesel (B5) in any diesel-powered vehicle owned or operated by the state. To the highest level practical, agencies must identify opportunities to increase the biodiesel portion of vehicle fuel consumed. Agencies may be exempt from this requirement if biodiesel is not readily available, cost-prohibitive, or if a specific performance constraint is identified.

(Reference Executive Order 594, 2021)

Medium- and Heavy-Duty Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Requirement

Massachusetts has adopted the California Advanced Clean Trucks requirements specified in Title 13 of the California Code of Regulations, requiring manufacturers to meet California’s ZEV production and sales requirements. Beginning with model year 2025, manufacturers will be required to sell zero-emission trucks as an increasing percentage of their annual sales for Class 2b through Class 8 vehicles in Massachusetts. ZEVs include all-electric and fuel cell electric vehicles. For more information, see the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Low Emission Vehicle Program.

(Reference Code of Massachusetts Regulations 310-7.40)

Electric Vehicle (EV) and Autonomous Vehicles (AV) Support

The Massachusetts Commission on the Future of Transportation in the Commonwealth (Commission) was established to advise the Governor’s Office on how to understand and plan for transportation advancements, including the increasing deployment of EVs and AVs, in the Commonwealth from 2020 through 2040. The Commission investigated the following topics:

• Transportation electrification and the infrastructure necessary to support the increasing deployment of EVs;
• Autonomous and connected vehicles and the infrastructure necessary to support the increasing deployment of these technologies;
• Impact of on-demand transit and mobility services on public transportation;
• Impact of greenhouse gas emissions on transportation and methods to increase resiliency of transportation infrastructure; and
• Land use or demographic changes that will shape future transportation planning.

The Commission submitted a report on its findings and recommendations to the Governor’s Office in December 2018. For more information, see the Commission website.

(Reference Executive Order 579 and 580, 2019)

Automated Vehicle (AV) Testing and Operation Support

The Secretary of Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) established a working group to assess the safe development of AVs. The AV Working Group convenes and consults with experts on motor vehicle safety and vehicle automation and works with the Legislature on any proposed AV legislation. MassDOT, with input from the AV Working Group, will issue guidance to allow for the safe testing of automated technologies on designated state highways and on other public roadways. In 2019, the AV Working Group released a report of their findings. For more information, see the AV Working Group website.

(Reference Executive Order 572, 2016)

Public Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Requirements

Owners and operators of public EV chargers that require payment must provide payment options that allow access by the public. In addition, payment should not require users to pay a subscription fee or obtain a membership of any kind; however, required fees may be conditional on such memberships. Owners and operators can impose reasonable restrictions on EV charger use, such as limiting access to visitors of the business. In addition, owners and operators of public EV chargers must provide the location, hours of operation, accepted methods of payment, and characteristics of each EV charger to the U.S. Department of Energy’s Alternative Fuels Data Center.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 25A, Section 16B-16E)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Parking Space Regulations

A city or town may restrict certain parking areas for ZEVs, which includes battery electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles. A person who is found responsible for a violation of the restricted parking area may be subject to a penalty of no more than $50 and the vehicle may be removed from the parking spot.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 40, Section 22A)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Efficiency Requirements

EV chargers sold in Massachusetts must meet energy efficiency standards established by the Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources (DOER). For more information, see the DOER Appliance Energy Efficiency Standards website.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 8, Section 49, 2021 and Code of Massachusetts Regulations 225-9)

Voluntary Biofuels Program

The Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources (DOER) manages voluntary biofuels program through which DOER will work with biodiesel suppliers to certify biofuels. Lessons learned from this voluntary program will provide the basis for future expansion and full implementation of a state biofuels mandate. For more information, refer to the DOER Advanced Biofuels website.

Medium- and Heavy-Duty (MHD) Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington (signatory states) signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of MHD ZEVs through involvement in a Multi-State ZEV Task Force (Task Force).

In July 2022, the Task Force published a multi-state action plan to support electrification of MHD vehicles. The action plan includes strategies and recommendations to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including limiting all new MHD vehicle sales in the signatory states to ZEVs by 2050, accelerating the deployment of MHD ZEVs, and ensuring MHD ZEV deployment also benefits disadvantaged communities.

For more information, see the MHD ZEVs: Action Plan Development Process website.

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Deployment Support

Massachusetts joined California, Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Vermont in signing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to support the deployment of ZEVs through involvement in a ZEV Program Implementation Task Force (Task Force). In May 2014, the Task Force published a ZEV Action Plan (Plan) identifying 11 priority actions to accomplish the goals of the MOU, including deploying at least 3.3 million ZEVs and adequate fueling infrastructure within the signatory states by 2025. The Plan also includes a research agenda to inform future actions. On an annual basis, each state must report on the number of registered ZEVs, the number of public electric vehicle supply (EV) charging stations and hydrogen fueling stations, and available information regarding workplace fueling for ZEVs.

In June 2018, the Task Force published a new ZEV Action Plan for 2018-2021. Building on the 2014 Action Plan, the 2018 Action Plan makes recommendations for states and other key partners in five priority areas:

• Raising consumer awareness and interest in electric vehicle technology;
• Building out a reliable and convenient residential, workplace and public charging/fueling infrastructure network;
• Continuing and improving access to consumer purchase and non-financial incentives;
• Expanding public and private sector fleet adoption; and
• Supporting dealership efforts to increase ZEV sales.

For more information, see the Multi-State ZEV Task Force website.

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Building Standards

At least one parking space in any new commercial construction with over 15 parking spaces must be made-ready for EV chargers. An EV-ready space is defined as a designated parking space with a dedicated branch circuit for EV chargers. Additional terms and conditions apply.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 143, Section 94 and 95 and Code of Massachusetts Regulations 780-13)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) and Infrastructure Support

The ZEV Commission is established to recommend policies to expand access to ZEV infrastructure and to encourage the purchase and lease of these vehicles. The ZEV Commission, comprised of state agencies, is tasked with conducting ZEV feasibility studies on the following topics:

• Evaluating opportunities for electrification of the state fleet, including vehicles used by the regional transit authorities; and
• Assessing surcharges, levies, or other assessments to offset projected gas tax revenue loss from the purchase or operation of ZEVs.

For more information, including available reports, see the ZEV Commission website.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 448, Section 5 and 6, 2016 and Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 40, Section 22A)

Alternative Fuel Offering Requirement

The Massachusetts Department of Transportation may not enter into, renew, or renegotiate a contract with a fuel provider for services on the Massachusetts Turnpike without requiring the provider to offer alternative fuel. Alternative fuel is defined as an energy source that is used to power a vehicle and is not gasoline or diesel.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 6C, Section 75 and Chapter 90, Section 1)

State Energy Policy

The Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs (EEA) leads and coordinates efforts between state agencies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, build resilience, and adapt to the impacts of climate change. In December 2018, EEA published the Massachusetts Comprehensive Energy Plan (CEP), which includes transportation strategies to meet GHG emissions limits. EEA must update the CEP every five years. For more information, see the CEP website.

(Reference Executive Order 569, 2016)

Public Utility Definition

An entity that owns, operates, leases, or controls electric vehicle supply equipment is not defined as a public utility.

(Reference Massachusetts Public Utility Docket 13-182)

Direct Current (DC) Fast Charger Alternative Rate Structure Requirement

Public electric utilities must file at least one commercial tariff or program with the Department of Public Utilities (DPU) to provide DC fast charger alternative rate structures for demand charges. Each tariff or program must evaluate the relative costs and benefits associated with rate designs for multiple EV adoption scenarios and be filed by July 14, 2021. For more information, including a list of rate design filings and tariffs, see the DPU Net Metering Filings and Tariffs website.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 383, Section 29, 2020)

Transportation Emissions Reduction Reporting

Massachusetts must meet annually declining greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions limits for mobile sources, as specified in the Massachusetts Global Warming Solutions Act. By July 1 of each year, the Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) must quantify and report aggregate MassDOT transportation GHG emissions. Among other measures to achieve reductions, MassDOT must increase electric vehicles (EVs) within the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority and MassDOT fleet and promote EV use by motorists.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 21N, Section 3 and Code of Massachusetts Regulations 310-60.05)

Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Sales Requirements and Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) Standards

The Massachusetts LEV Program requires all new passenger cars and light-duty trucks, medium-duty vehicles, and heavy-duty vehicles and engines sold and registered in Massachusetts to meet California motor vehicle emissions standards and compliance requirements specified in Title 13 of the California Code of Regulations. Manufacturers must meet the greenhouse gas emissions standard and the ZEV production and sales requirements.

In March 2023, Massachusetts adopted the California vehicle emissions standards and compliance requirements set forth in the California Air Resources Board Advanced Clean Cars II regulation. These new emissions standards and requirements require that 100% of new passenger vehicles solid in Massachusetts must be ZEVs by 2035.

For more information, see the Massachusetts LEV Program website.

(Reference Code of Massachusetts Regulations 310-7.40)

State Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) and Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Acquisition Requirements

When purchasing new motor vehicles, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts must purchase HEVs or AFVs to the maximum extent feasible and consistent with the ability of such vehicles to perform their intended functions. HEVs and AFVs must be acquired at a rate of at least 5% annually for all new motor vehicle purchases so that not less than 50% of the motor vehicles the Commonwealth owns and operates will be HEVs or AFVs by 2018.

State fleets must also acquire AFVs according to the requirements of the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992 and the Massachusetts Office of Vehicle Management (OVM) must approve any light-duty vehicle acquisition. All agencies must purchase the most economical, fuel-efficient, and low emission vehicles appropriate to their mission. OVM, in collaboration with the Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources, will set new minimum standards for vehicle fuel economy and work with agencies to acquire vehicles that provide the best value for the Commonwealth on a total cost of ownership basis.

By July 1 of each year, OVM must compile a report detailing the progress made towards these requirements.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 7, Section 9A)

Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Access to Massachusetts Turnpike and Tunnels

An AFV powered by hydrogen, propane, or natural gas may only use the Massachusetts Turnpike at or between Interchange 1 in West Stockbridge and Interchange 14 in Weston if the vehicle has a special fuel transportation permit issued by the Massachusetts Department of Transportation. The AFV must conform to applicable federal and state laws and regulations. An AFV powered by compressed natural gas or propane may only use Massachusetts tunnels if the vehicle conforms to applicable federal regulations and industry standards, displays required markings to identify its alternative fuel system, and is not used to transport fuel. Additional requirements apply to vehicles powered by propane, compressed natural gas, and hydrogen in the Ted Williams Tunnel and Central Artery North Area Tunnel.

(Reference Code of Massachusetts Regulations 700-7.06 and 700-7.07)

Idle Reduction Requirement

A motor vehicle may not idle for more than five consecutive minutes. This regulation does not apply to: 1) vehicles being serviced, provided that operation of the engine is essential to the repair; 2) vehicles delivering or accepting goods or merchandise for which engine assisted power is necessary and substitute alternate power cannot be made available; or 3) vehicles requiring auxiliary power for an associate power need other than movement that cannot be substituted by an alternate power source provided that such operation does not cause or contribute to air pollution. Violators are subject to fines. Local boards of health, local police, and state and federal officials may enforce the state anti-idling law.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 90, Section 16A, and and Code of Massachusetts Regulations 310-7.11(1)(b))

State Agency Alternative Fuel Use Requirement

All Massachusetts agencies must use a minimum of 15% biodiesel (B15) in all on- and off-road diesel engines, provided that the Commonwealth Office of Vehicle Management and other appropriate agencies have determined that a B15 goal is appropriate. Each year, the Executive Office for Administration and Finance and the Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources (DOER) must set minimum percentage requirements for E85 use in state flexible fuel vehicles, depending on the availability of the fuel in the state. Agencies may apply for exemptions from the biodiesel and E85 fuel use requirements if the agencies demonstrate that the alternative fuel is not available within a reasonable distance, cannot be purchased by state vehicle operators through state procurement, or the price of the alternative fuel is cost prohibitive, as determined by DOER.

(Reference Massachusetts Executive Office of Administration and Finance Administrative Bulletin 13, 2006)

Deregulation of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) as a Motor Fuel

The sale of CNG by a fueling station for use as fuel to operate a motor vehicle is deregulated; however, separate records, books, and accounts of such sales must be maintained. Investments in related infrastructure must not reduce the availability or increase the cost of natural gas to customers who purchase natural gas for use other than as fuel to operate a motor vehicle.

(Reference Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 164, Section 941/2)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Infrastructure Deployment Support

The Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs must facilitate an intergovernmental coordinating council (Council) to develop and implement an EV charging infrastructure deployment plan for the creation of an equitable, interconnected, accessible, and reliable EV charging network. The deployment plan must:

• Comply with state emission reduction requirements;
• Meet existing EV and EV charger deployment benchmarks;
• Facilitate ending the sale of non-zero emission vehicles by December 31, 2035; and,
• Advance the accessibility and affordability of EV chargers.

The deployment plan must also assess:

• The present and future condition of transportation electrification;
• The number and type of EV chargers needed on public and private property;
• Opportunities for EV chargers in urban, suburban, rural, and low- and moderate-income areas;
• The distribution, transmission, and energy storage infrastructure and technology needed to support EV charger deployment;
• Present and future costs of EV charger deployment;
• Technological advancements in EV chargers and related infrastructure;
• Maintenance strategies for EV chargers;
• EV charger installation recommendations and best practices for public and private sector officials; and,
• Policies, laws, and regulatory actions that may facilitate the deployment of chargers and related infrastructure.

The Council must publish the deployment plan by August 11, 2023, and revise the plan biannually.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 179, Section 81, 2022)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Guide

The Massachusetts Clean Energy Center (MassCEC) must develop a guide and website to provide information about the costs and availability of EVs. MassCEC must also publish EV market projections by August 11, 2023, and update them annually.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 179, Section 86, 2022)

Public Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Evaluation and Deployment

The Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) and the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) must review and analyze EV charger operation problems and challenges at service plazas located on the Massachusetts Turnpike, in commuter rail station parking lots, and in subway station parking lots that occurred between July 1, 2021, and June 30, 2022. The analysis must include:

• A record of charger service outages by location;
• Maintenance and repair service records;
• Software or hardware malfunctions that contributed to excessive equipment downtime;
• Recommendations to address EV charger malfunctions and minimize downtime; and,
• Recommendations for effective future deployment of EV charging infrastructure.

Additionally, MassDOT, MBTA, and regional transit authorities must establish provisions for the installation and maintenance of public EV chargers at the following locations:

• All service plazas located on the Massachusetts Turnpike;
• A minimum of five commuter rail station parking lots;
• A minimum of five subway station parking lots; and,
• A minimum of one ferry terminal parking lot.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 179, Section 89, 2022)

Public Utility Electric Vehicle (EV) Time-Of-Use (TOU) Rate Proposal Requirement

By August 11, 2023, public electric utilities must submit EV TOU rate proposals to offer EV TOU rates to the Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities (DPU). When evaluating the TOU rate proposals, DPU must consider the effects on energy conservation, optimal and efficient use of facilities and resources, benefits to transmission and distribution systems, equitable rates for electric consumers, and greenhouse gas emissions reductions. DPU must issue a minimum of one order related to the TOU rate proposals by October 21, 2025.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 179, Section 90, 2022)

Vehicle Registration Database

The Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT), in collaboration with other state agencies, must create and maintain a database of vehicle registrations in the Commonwealth. The database must contain the total number of registrations for:

• Passenger fossil fuel-powered vehicles;
• Passenger hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs);
• Passenger zero emission vehicles (ZEVs);
• Commercial fossil fuel-powered vehicles;
• Commercial HEVs; and,
• Commercial ZEVs.

The database must also track the annual number of vehicle miles traveled per vehicle type. MassDOT must update the database and publish a data summary report annually. For more information, see the Massachusetts Vehicle Census page.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 179, Section 78, 2022 and Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 6C, Section 78)

Transportation Network Company (TNC) Emission Reduction Requirements

By October 1, 2023, the Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities TNC Division must promulgate requirements for greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions and vehicle electrification for TNCs. As part of these requirements, TNCs must submit biennial plans to increase zero emission vehicles and reduce GHG emissions to meet state emission reduction goals. The promulgated requirements must be in effect by April 1, 2024. The TNC Division must minimize any adverse impacts the requirements may have on drivers from low- and moderate-income communities.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 179, Sections 47 and 92 and Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 159A½, Section 12, and Chapter 25, Section 23)

Zero Emission Transit Bus Acquisition Requirement

By December 31, 2030, all passenger buses purchased or leased by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) must be zero emission vehicles (ZEVs). By December 31, 2040, all passenger buses operated by the MBTA must be ZEVs.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 448, Section 6A, 2016, Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 161A, Section 5, and Session Law Chapter 179, Section 65, 2022)

Zero Emission Transit Bus Deployment Plans and Support

The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority capital investment program for mass transportation must include a five-year rolling plan to prioritize the deployment of zero emission buses on routes that service underserved and low-income communities. Each plan must report on the progress of public transit electrification goals, including the number of non-zero emission transit buses, barriers to zero emission transit bus deployment, and legislative recommendations to address adoption barriers.

Additionally, the Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) must support regional transit authorities in creating electric transit bus adoption plans. Plans must include:

• A goal to transition to zero emission buses;
• The types of zero emission bus technologies a regional transit authority may deploy;
• A schedule for the construction or upgrade of facilities and other infrastructure necessary to deploy and maintain a zero emission bus fleet;
• A schedule for zero emission and internal combustion engine bus purchases and leases;
• The prioritization of zero emission bus deployment in underserved communities;
• A training plan for zero emission bus operators and maintenance staff; and,
• Potential funding sources.

By February 11, 2022, MassDOT must develop and issue recommendations for incentive programs that regional transit authorities may use to deploy and maintain zero emission vehicles.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 448, Section 6A, 2016 and Massachusetts General Law Chapter 25A, Section 1 and 5, and Chapter 161A, Section 5)

Zero Emission School Bus Study

The Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education (DESE) must prepare a report that analyzes:

• The number of internal combustion engine (ICE) school buses and zero emission school buses in the Commonwealth;
• The annual cost of operating zero emission school buses;
• The purchase price of ICE school buses and zero emission school buses;
• The estimated cost to replace ICE school buses with zero emission school buses;
• The estimated environmental benefits of replacing ICE school buses with zero emission school buses; and,
• The number of school districts that own, rent, lease, or contract for school bus services.

The report must also include recommendations for the creation of an incentive program to support the replacement of ICE school buses with zero emission school buses. DESE must publish the report by June 15, 2023.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 179, Section 87, 2022)

Grid Modernization Plan

The Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities (DPU) must direct each electric utility to develop a modernization plan to upgrade electricity distribution and transmission systems. Plans must include, among other things, a discussion on how distribution system improvements will facilitate transportation electrification. Utilities must update their plans every five years.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 179, Section 92C, 2022 and Massachusetts General Law Chapter 164, Section 92C)

Electric Vehicle (EV) Charger Policies for Associations – City of Cambridge

Associations in the City of Cambridge may not prohibit the installation or use of an EV charger in a homeowner’s designated parking space. Associations may put reasonable restrictions on EV chargers, but the policies may not significantly increase the cost of the EV charger or prohibit installation. Homeowners must comply with applicable health and safety codes and architectural standards and engage a licensed installation contractor. The homeowner is responsible for the cost of the installation, operation, maintenance, repair, removal, or replacement of the charger, as well as any resulting damage to the EV charger or surrounding area.

(Reference Session Law Chapter 329, 2022)