Publications

Sample Cybersecurity Clauses for EV Charging Infrastructure Procurements

6/30/2023

Electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure exhibits character traits of cloud computing, Internet of Things, and operational technology. Critically, high-level communications and interconnectedness underlie it all. The benefits of connected technologies also come with cybersecurity risks, which must be managed and are managed most effectively early in the systems engineering process. States and other EV charging infrastructure purchasers can reduce their exposure to cybersecurity risks by including sample cybersecurity procurement language clauses that clearly communicate cybersecurity requirements. This document is a tool and an informative resource to be used in conjunction with other general procurement guidance for assisting state departments of transportation in defining cybersecurity-related procurement specifications.

Authors: Ross O'Neil, L; Carroll, T; Abdelhadi, E; Watson, M; Hammer, C; Psarakis, M

Charging Forward with Electric Trucks

6/1/2023

This report covers charging considerations for commercial battery electric vehicles (BEVs) currently in production for freight delivery. Because most BEVs currently are being deployed in the goods movement sector in the medium-duty urban delivery and heavy-duty drayage sectors, many of the best practices and lessons learned come from these applications. And while the report touches on considerations for long-haul BEVs, much of this information is speculative; although battery electric truck deployment for long-haul usage is rapidly expanding, it is still in its pilot phase.

Notes:

This copyrighted publication can be accessed through North American Council for Freight Efficiency's website.

New York City Department of Transportation Curbside Level 2 EV Charging Pilot: Evaluation Report

5/1/2023

In June 2021, New York City Department of Transportation, in partnership with Con Edison, launched the city’s first curbside electric vehicle (EV) charging pilot program. This pilot includes 100 public on-street Level 2 charging stations distributed across 35 locations in the five boroughs. This report provides one of the first comprehensive evaluations of a curbside Level 2 EV charging program in the world. By benchmarking usage patterns and performance, this report provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in major cities. Overall, charging station performance in the first eighteen months exceeded initial expectations.

State and Alternative Fuel Provider Fleets: Fleet Compliance Annual Report - Model Year 2021, Fiscal Year 2022

4/25/2023

This annual report of the Alternative Fuel Transportation Program, which ensures compliance with DOE regulations covering state government and alternative fuel provider fleets pursuant to the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct), as amended, provides fleet compliance results for manufacturing year 2021/fiscal year 2022.

Clean Cities: A Model of Collaborative Technology Innovation Built Over 30 Years

4/19/2023

The Clean Cities Coalition Network is an example of successful government-sponsored efforts to address challenges and facilitate collaborative governance across sectors and levels of government within the transportation sector. In 1993, under what is now the Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) established Clean Cities in response to a requirement in the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992 to implement voluntary alternative fuel deployment activities.1 VTO’s Technology Integration Program is responsible for the Clean Cities Coalition Network and many other activities. DOE created a collaborative governance effort that has translated higher-level policy goals into multiple local collaborative practices for more than 30 years.

Authors: Romero-Lankao, P.; Rosner, N.; Reichelt, L.; Allerhand, J.

Home Charging Access and the Implications for Charging Infrastructure Costs in the United States

3/1/2023

As the electric vehicle market expands, substantial investment in home, workplace, and public charging infrastructure will be necessary. This analysis shows how additional efforts to expand home charging access can lead to overall reductions in the total costs required to deploy the necessary charging ecosystem.

Authors: Pierce, L.; Slowik, P.

Notes:

This copyrighted publication can be accessed on The International Council on Clean Transportation's website.

Charging for Heavy-Duty Electric Trucks

3/1/2023

This fact sheet provides answers to frequently asked questions about the Megawatt Charging System and SAE J3271 for heavy-duty electric trucks.

Authors: Bohn, T.

The Costs and Challenges of Installing Corridor DC Fast Chargers in California

2/13/2023

This study investigates the feasibility and cost considerations associated with establishing a national network of direct current (DC) fast charging infrastructure to support long-distance travel using electric vehicles (EVs). Specifically, it focuses on the optimal placement of these charging facilities along major transportation corridors in California, aiming to ensure convenient access for EV drivers without significant deviations from their planned routes. The study delves into the various project costs involved in installing and commissioning 54 DC fast charging stations at 36 distinct sites, highlighting significant cost variations influenced by various factors. Additionally, the research explores the unique challenges and complexities of infrastructure investments in remote communities adjacent to highways, as opposed to more conventional urban settings with shared utility infrastructure. It also examines the potential cost reduction strategies, such as early collaboration with local electrical utilities and the cost-effectiveness of grid-connected DC fast charging designs compared to off-grid solar-powered alternatives with onsite storage.

Authors: Gamage, T; Tal, G; Jenn, A

Electric Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Life Cycle Management

2/1/2023

As the key component powering electric vehicles (EVs), batteries are poised to play a major role in transportation while improving environmental quality. Lithium-ion batteries are currently the default choice for EV batteries, a trend that is predicted to remain well into the future. The objective of this report is to inform all EV battery stakeholders of global initiatives, challenges, and opportunities for optimum EV battery life cycle management and to encourage collaboration to support an EV battery industry well into the future. This report is divided into two major sections: (1) technical aspects of recycling and reuse and (2) regulations, initiatives, and stakeholder perspectives.

Authors: Pesaran, A; Roman, L; Kincaide, J

Propane Fueling Infrastructure Trends: A Decade in Review

1/31/2023

This report provides information on propane fueling infrastructure and industry trends over the last 10 years. It is informed primarily by propane fueling station location data collected through the Alternative Fuels Data Center's Alternative Fueling Station Locator from 2011 through 2021. Industry stakeholders, including the Propane Education & Research Council (PERC) and other members of the Alternative Fuels Data Center Station Locator Propane Working Group, also provided data and additional context around trends seen in the data.

Authors: Brown, A.; Schayowitz, A..; White, E.; Carlson, D.

Clean Cities Coalitions 2021 Activity Report

1/24/2023

The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy’s Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) works with local Clean Cities coalitions across the country as part of its Technology Integration Program. These efforts help businesses and consumers make smarter and more informed transportation energy choices that can save energy, lower costs, provide security through fuel diversification, and reduce air pollution. This report summarizes the success and impact of coalition activities based on data and information provided in their annual progress reports.

Authors: Singer, M.; Johnson, C.; Wilson, A.

E85 Fueling Infrastructure Trends: A Decade in Review

1/12/2023

This report provides information on ethanol fueling infrastructure and industry trends over the last 10 years. It is informed primarily by ethanol fueling station location data collected through the U.S. Department of Energy’s Alternative Fuels Data Center (AFDC) Station Locator from 2011 through 2021 (AFDC 2021a). Industry stakeholders, including the Renewable Fuels Association and Growth Energy, also provided data and additional context around trends seen in the data.

Authors: Brown, A.; Erickson, H.; White, E.

Road Map to a U.S. Hydrogen Economy

1/2/2023

Since 1969, America has remained a leader in fuel cell and hydrogen technology, commercializing a wide range of technologies that produce, deliver, store, and utilize hydrogen across applications and sectors. Today, the hydrogen industry as well as the US are at a crossroads as the country’s energy future is determined. Hydrogen is a unique energy carrier with applications across sectors, and its use in the United States could provide many benefits.

Connecting Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure to Commercial Buildings

1/2/2023

Electric vehicles (EVs) are growing in popularity and gaining meaningful market share with record sales year over year in the last decade. EV charging equipment must proportionally match the growing number of new EVs on the road for a comparable experience to gas-powered vehicles. The majority of EV charging currently happens at residential buildings. However, demand for EV charging at commercial buildings will significantly increase with wider mainstream EV adoption and as businesses return to more normal operation following COVID-19 pandemic disruptions. This document describes how EV charging equipment can be connected to commercial buildings, including considerations for facility managers, and the effects that charging will have on the buildings electrical distribution system.

Community Engagement Workbook: Discretionary Grant Program for Charging and Fueling Infrastructure

1/1/2023

This workbook is geared towards local government applicants for federal Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act funding to support them in reaching the highest possible community engagement score. The workbook goes through the process of identifying a project, establishing community engagement goals, planning community engagement techniques, and establishing a communications plan.

Authors: Colunga, T; Pavelic, N; Stone, B