Maps and Data
Find maps and charts showing transportation data and trends related to alternative fuels and vehicles.
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Change in U.S. Light-Duty Vehicle Registration Counts
Trend of light-duty vehicle registrations by fuel type, measured in percent change from 2016 through 2023 Last update June 2024
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Electric Vehicle Registrations by State
U.S. light-duty electric vehicle population as of December 2023 Last update September 2024
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Light-Duty AFV Registrations
Breakdown of alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) registrations by fuel type Last update June 2024
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Efficiency Ratios for Light-Duty All-Electric Vehicles in the United States
Provides efficiency ratios of on-road all-electric vehicles in the United States in 2021, based on vehicle registration data. Last update September 2024
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TransAtlas
Interactive map displays light-duty vehicle registration counts over time by state and fuel type
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Change in U.S. Light-Duty Vehicle Registration Counts
| 2016-2017 | 2017-2018 | 2018-2019 | 2019-2020 | 2020-2021 | 2021-2022 | 2022-2023 | |
| Gasoline | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1 | 0.3 | 3.6 | 0.3 | -1.5 |
| Flex Fuel | 10 | 6.4 | 4.5 | 1.6 | -32.1 | -1.4 | -10 |
| Diesel | 4.7 | 2 | 3.2 | 3.5 | -24.6 | 0.6 | -1.7 |
| Hybrid Electric | 7.3 | 4.9 | 6 | 6.3 | 12.8 | 12.2 | 8.7 |
| Electric | 25.9 | 33.7 | 26.9 | 23.1 | 29.9 | 40.3 | 21.5 |
| Biodiesel | 13.1 | 1.4 | |||||
| PHEV | 26.3 | 25.3 | 14 | 9.7 | 21.5 | 25.3 | 11.5 |
| Compressed Natural Gas | -8.8 | -8.9 | -8.7 | -7.5 | -135 | -16.1 | |
| Hydrogen | 59.6 | 34.1 | 62 | 9.4 | -18.2 | 20.5 | 8.4 |
| Propane | 5.3 | -58.3 | -20 | 9.1 | 99.9 | -7.2 | -8.9 |
| Bi-Fuel | -43.3 | ||||||
| Other | -0.3 | -3.9 | -4.7 | -5.8 | -10.5 | ||
| Unspecified | -6.9 | -4.5 | -2.4 | -4.7 |
Source: Vehicle registration counts derived by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory with data from Experian Information Solutions
Notes: Bi-Fuel includes vehicles that can run on two fuel types in the same engine but is susceptible to differences in reporting. (Ex. CNG ~ Gas, Natural Gas ~ Propane)
The chart illustrates the annual percent change of light-duty vehicles, by fuel type, registered in the United States from 2016 through 2023. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) consistently showed the greatest growth in registration counts until 2020. This is largely because initial vehicle registration counts were low. Annual changes are more volatile for vehicle fuel types with small populations, such as hydrogen, compressed natural gas, and propane. From 2016 to 2023, the highest average percentage increases are from electric vehicles with 28.8%, HFCVs with 25.1%, and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) with 19.09%. The largest percent decrease is found in compressed natural gas vehicles, averaging -174% because of very limited fueling stations. See relative vehicle population sizes at Light-Duty AFV Registrations, AFV and HEV Model Offerings, by Manufacturer, U.S. Plug-in Electric Vehicle Sales by Model, and the Energy Information Administration's Fleet and Fuel Data. For a map comparing the density of light-duty vehicles per state and charts comparing registration counts over time, see TransAtlas.
To view more details, notes, and acronyms, please download the Excel spreadsheet.
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