Maps and Data - U.S. HEV Sales by Model

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Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers

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- Biodiesel Purchases by EPAct-Regulated Fleets
  
  Trend of State and Alternative Fuel Provider Biodiesel Purchases from 2000 to 2021 Last update October 2022
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Clean Cities: Vehicles

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- Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Vehicle Inventory
  
  Alternative fuel vehicle inventory reported by Clean Cities coalitions from 2004 to 2021 Last update March 2023
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- Clean Cities Energy Use Impact by Alternative Fuel Vehicle Type
  
  Trend of energy impact by fuels used in alternative fuel vehicles from 2004 to 2021 Last update March 2023
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Fuels & Infrastructure: Idle Reduction

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- Clean Cities Energy Use Impact through Idle Reduction
  
  Trend of energy impact by idle reduction policies and technologies from 2004 to 2021 Last update March 2023
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Laws & Incentives

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- Electric Vehicle Laws and Incentives by State
  
  Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to electric vehicles
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Vehicles

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- Electric Vehicle Registrations by State
  
  U.S. light-duty electric vehicle population as of December 2021 Last update June 2022
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Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers

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- EPAct State & Alternative Fuel Provider Fleet Exemptions
  
  Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) exemption requests and vehicles exempted from 1997 to 2021 Last update October 2022
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Laws & Incentives

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- Ethanol Laws and Incentives by State
  
  Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of ethanol
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- Fuel Taxes by Country
  
  Comparison of gasoline and diesel taxes in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries Last update March 2019
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Fuels & Infrastructure: Emissions

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- Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Economic Sector
  
  Trend of U.S. greenhouse gas emission for each economic sector Last update July 2021
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Laws & Incentives

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- Hydrogen Laws and Incentives by State
  
  Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of hydrogen
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- Incentive Additions by Policy Type
  
  Trend of state law and incentive enactments listed by incentive type from 2002 to 2022 Last update March 2023
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- Law and Incentive Additions by Fuel/Technology Type
  
  Trend of state law and incentive enactments, listed by the targeted technology or fuel type, from 2002 to 2022 Last update March 2023
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- Natural Gas Laws and Incentives by State
  
  Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of natural gas
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- Propane Laws and Incentives by State
  
  Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of propane
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- Renewable Diesel Laws and Incentives by State
  
  Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of renewable diesel
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Vehicles

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- TransAtlas
  
  Interactive map displays light-duty vehicle registration counts over time by state and fuel type
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Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers

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- Vehicle Credits Traded by Regulated Fleets
  
  Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) EPAct credits traded and transactions from 1997 to 2021 Last update October 2022
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U.S. HEV Sales by Model

	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019
Honda Insight	17	3788	4726	2216	1168	583	666	722	3	0	20572	20962	15549	5846	4802	3965	1458	75	3	12510	23686
Toyota Prius	0	5562	15556	20119	24627	53991	107897	106971	181221	158886	139682	140928	136463	223906	222140	194108	180603	134155	87725	59995	47862
Honda Civic	0	0	0	13707	21771	26013	25864	31253	32575	31297	15119	7336	4703	7156	7719	5070	4887	896	65	6	0
Ford Escape/Mercury Mariner	0	0	0	0	0	2993	15960	22549	25108	19522	16480	12088	10089	1441	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honda Accord	0	0	0	0	0	653	16826	5598	3405	198	1	0	0	0	996	13977	11065	9179	22008	17188	23817
Toyota Highlander	0	0	0	0	0	0	17989	31485	22052	19391	11086	7456	4549	5921	5070	3621	4015	5976	16864	14513	18248
Lexus RX 450h	0	0	0	0	0	0	20674	20161	17291	15200	14464	15119	10723	12223	11307	9351	7722	8561	8568	15656	16116
Toyota Camry	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	31341	54477	46272	22887	14587	9241	45656	44448	39515	30640	22227	20985	22914	26043
Lexus GS 450h	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1784	1645	678	469	305	282	607	522	183	91	70	50	40	7
Nissan Altima	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8388	8819	9357	6710	3236	103	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lexus LS 600hL	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	937	980	258	129	85	54	115	65	47	40	0	211	187
Saturn Vue	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3969	3399	2656	50	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahoe, Yukon, Escalade	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7612	7192	3857	1877	1801	1036	137	25	0	0	0	0
Chevrolet Malibu	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3118	4162	405	24	16664	13779	1018	59	4335	4452	2447	1237
Saturn Aura	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	310	527	55	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aspen & Durango	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	81	42	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Silverado & Sierra	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1598	2393	1165	940	169	30	3	0	1	0	0
Ford Fusion & Milan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	17022	22232	11286	14100	37270	35425	24681	33648	57474	54157	49603
Lexus HS 250h	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6699	10663	2864	650	5	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mercedes S400	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	955	309	121	64	10	1	0	0	0	0
Mercedes ML450	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	766	1	22	11	20	10	0	0	0	0
Mercedes E320	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	59	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mazda Tribute	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	655	484	90	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
BMW X6 & Activehybrid 3&5&7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	350	381	1040	1456	308	63	64	0	0	0
Honda CR-z	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5249	11330	4192	4550	3562	3073	2338	705	38	2
Lincoln MKZ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1192	5739	6067	7469	10033	8403	7219	5931	4407	5147
Porsche Cayenne	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	206	1571	1180	615	650	0	0	0	0	0
Lexus CT 200h	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14381	17671	15071	17673	14657	8903	4690	4	0
VW Touareg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	390	250	118	30	16	1	0	0	0
Infinity Q70 (formerly M Hybrid)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	378	691	475	180	176	118	58	22	0
Hyundai Sonata	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	17366	20754	21559	21052	19908	18961	10338	4526	2636
Buick LaCrosse	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1801	12010	7133	7353	4042	765	506	2809	1057
Buick Regal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	123	2564	2893	662	186	45	6	0	0
Porsche Panamera S	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	52	570	113	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kia Optima	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10245	13919	13776	11492	6142	5589	5924	1054
Acura ILX	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	972	1461	379	22	1	0	0	0
Ford C-Max Hybrid	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10935	28056	19162	14177	11877	10221	6101	38
Lexus ES Hybrid	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7027	16562	14837	11241	7645	5394	5250	8608
Audi Q5 Hybrid	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	270	854	283	97	18	0	0	0
Toyota Avalon	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	747	16468	17048	11956	8451	4990	8008	6552
VW Jetta	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	162	5655	1939	740	709	70	1	0
Mercedes E400h	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	282	158	53	14	3	0	0
Infiniti Q50	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	307	3456	4012	1998	870	300	129
Chevrolet Impala Hybrid	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	56	565	272	35	1	0	0
Infiniti QX60	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	676	1678	2356	1114	298	0	0
Nissan Pathfinder Hybrid	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	334	2480	2245	816	389	0	0
Subaru XV	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7926	5589	2173	45	0	572
Acura RLX	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	133	250	199	292	690	451
Lexus NX Hybrid	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	354	2573	2842	3323	9062	9649
Toyota RAV4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1494	45070	50559	48122	92525
Acura NSX	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	269	581	170	238
Kia Niro	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	27237	25743	18336
Hyundai Ioniq Hybrid	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10770	13068	15558
Acura MDX Hybrid	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1807	2106	2130
GMC Sierra Hybrid	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3643	114
Lexus LC500h	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	102	37
Nissan Rogue Hybrid	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3363	4205
Lexus LS 500h	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	123	0
Lexus UX	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8603
Toyota Corolla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16299

Source: Transportation Research Center at Argonne National Laboratory

This chart shows the number of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), by model, sold in the United States between 1999 and 2019. Sales surged in 2007, by which point the federal government and many states offered tax incentives or rebates. The Toyota RAV4 is the top-selling HEV in 2019, followed by the Ford Fusion and the Toyota Prius. The sales decline between 2008 and 2011 is consistent with overall declines in vehicle sales during that period. The increase in 2012 can be attributed to economic recovery, increased gasoline prices, and new Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. The decline from 2014 to 2016 is largely attributable to low gasoline prices, with sales recovering slightly in 2017. For comparison, see Light-Duty Vehicles Purchased in the United States.

To view more details, notes, and acronyms, please download the Excel spreadsheet.

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U.S. Department of Energy - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Maps and Data - U.S. HEV Sales by Model

OR

Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers

Biodiesel Purchases by EPAct-Regulated Fleets

Clean Cities: Vehicles

Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Vehicle Inventory

Clean Cities Energy Use Impact by Alternative Fuel Vehicle Type

Fuels & Infrastructure: Idle Reduction

Clean Cities Energy Use Impact through Idle Reduction

Laws & Incentives

Electric Vehicle Laws and Incentives by State

Vehicles

Electric Vehicle Registrations by State

Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers

EPAct State & Alternative Fuel Provider Fleet Exemptions

Laws & Incentives

Ethanol Laws and Incentives by State

Fuel Taxes by Country

Fuels & Infrastructure: Emissions

Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Economic Sector

Laws & Incentives

Hydrogen Laws and Incentives by State

Incentive Additions by Policy Type

Law and Incentive Additions by Fuel/Technology Type

Natural Gas Laws and Incentives by State

Propane Laws and Incentives by State

Renewable Diesel Laws and Incentives by State

Vehicles

TransAtlas

Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers

Vehicle Credits Traded by Regulated Fleets

Maps and Data - U.S. HEV Sales by Model

OR

Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers

Biodiesel Purchases by EPAct-Regulated Fleets

Clean Cities: Vehicles

Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Vehicle Inventory

Clean Cities Energy Use Impact by Alternative Fuel Vehicle Type

Fuels & Infrastructure: Idle Reduction

Clean Cities Energy Use Impact through Idle Reduction

Laws & Incentives

Electric Vehicle Laws and Incentives by State

Vehicles

Electric Vehicle Registrations by State

Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers

EPAct State & Alternative Fuel Provider Fleet Exemptions

Laws & Incentives

Ethanol Laws and Incentives by State

Fuel Taxes by Country

Fuels & Infrastructure: Emissions

Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Economic Sector

Laws & Incentives

Hydrogen Laws and Incentives by State

Incentive Additions by Policy Type

Law and Incentive Additions by Fuel/Technology Type

Natural Gas Laws and Incentives by State

Propane Laws and Incentives by State

Renewable Diesel Laws and Incentives by State

Vehicles

TransAtlas

Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers

Vehicle Credits Traded by Regulated Fleets

U.S. HEV Sales by Model

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