Maps and Data - Power and Fuel Economy of the Average Light-Duty Vehicle
Find maps and charts showing transportation data and trends related to alternative fuels and vehicles.
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119 results
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Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers
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Biodiesel Purchases by EPAct-Regulated Fleets
Trend of State and Alternative Fuel Provider Biodiesel Purchases from 2000 to 2022 Last update June 2023
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Clean Cities: Vehicles
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Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Vehicle Inventory
Alternative fuel vehicle inventory reported by Clean Cities coalitions from 2004 to 2021 Last update March 2023
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Clean Cities Energy Use Impact by Alternative Fuel Vehicle Type
Trend of energy impact by fuels used in alternative fuel vehicles from 2004 to 2021 Last update March 2023
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Fuels & Infrastructure: Idle Reduction
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Clean Cities Energy Use Impact through Idle Reduction
Trend of energy impact by idle reduction policies and technologies from 2004 to 2021 Last update March 2023
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Vehicles
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Efficiency Ratios for Light-Duty All-Electric Vehicles in the United States
Provides efficiency ratios of on-road all-electric vehicles in the United States in 2021, based on vehicle registration data. Last update June 2023
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Laws & Incentives
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Electric Vehicle Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to electric vehicles
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Vehicles
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Electric Vehicle Registrations by State
U.S. light-duty electric vehicle population as of December 2022 Last update July 2023
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Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers
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EPAct State & Alternative Fuel Provider Fleet Exemptions
Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) exemption requests and vehicles exempted from 1997 to 2022 Last update June 2023
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Laws & Incentives
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Ethanol Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of ethanol
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Fuel Taxes by Country
Comparison of gasoline and diesel taxes in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries Last update March 2019
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Fuels & Infrastructure: Emissions
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Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Economic Sector
Trend of U.S. greenhouse gas emission for each economic sector Last update August 2022
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Laws & Incentives
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Hydrogen Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of hydrogen
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Incentive Additions by Policy Type
Trend of state law and incentive enactments listed by incentive type from 2002 to 2022 Last update March 2023
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Law and Incentive Additions by Fuel/Technology Type
Trend of state law and incentive enactments, listed by the targeted technology or fuel type, from 2002 to 2022 Last update March 2023
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Natural Gas Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of natural gas
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Propane Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of propane
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Renewable Diesel Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of renewable diesel
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Vehicles
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TransAtlas
Interactive map displays light-duty vehicle registration counts over time by state and fuel type
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Regulated Fleets: State & Alt Fuel Providers
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Vehicle Credits Traded by Regulated Fleets
Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) EPAct credits traded and transactions from 1997 to 2022 Last update June 2023
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Power and Fuel Economy of the Average Light-Duty Vehicle
| 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
| Avg. Fuel Economy (mpg) | 13.1 | 14.2 | 15.1 | 15.8 | 15.9 | 19.2 | 20.5 | 21.1 | 21 | 21 | 21.3 | 21.8 | 22 | 21.9 | 21.4 | 21.2 | 21.2 | 20.8 | 20.9 | 20.4 | 20.5 | 20.4 | 20.1 | 20.1 | 19.7 | 19.8 | 19.6 | 19.4 | 19.6 | 19.3 | 19.9 | 20.1 | 20.6 | 21 | 22.4 | 22.6 | 22.4 | 23.6 | 24.2 | 24.1 | 24.6 | 24.7 | 24.9 | 25.1 | 24.9 | 25.4 | 25.3 |
| Avg. Peak Horsepower | 137 | 135 | 136 | 129 | 124 | 104 | 102 | 103 | 107 | 109 | 114 | 114 | 118 | 123 | 129 | 135 | 138 | 145 | 147 | 152 | 158 | 164 | 169 | 171 | 179 | 181 | 187 | 195 | 199 | 211 | 209 | 213 | 217 | 219 | 208 | 214 | 230 | 222 | 226 | 230 | 229 | 230 | 234 | 241 | 245 | 246 | 252 |
Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Automotive Trends Report (2021), Table 3.1
Notes: 2021 values are preliminary.
This chart shows trends in horsepower and fuel economy in light-duty vehicles from 1975 to 2021. Advances in vehicle technologies can generally be used to increase either horsepower or fuel economy. Horsepower steadily increased from 1980 through 2021, with exceptions in the years 2009 and 2010, likely from reduced production of larger sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and trucks during the economic recession. Fuel efficiency declined from the late 1980s through the mid-2000s, partly from the rise in popularity of light-duty trucks (including pickups, SUVs, and vans) as compared to passenger vehicles. Since 2004, average fuel economy has been increasing largely as a result of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. See also Composition of New U.S. Light-Duty Vehicles by Vehicle Type.
To view more details, notes, and acronyms, please download the Excel spreadsheet.
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