Maps and Data - Energy Losses in Light-Duty Vehicles
Find maps and charts showing transportation data and trends related to alternative fuels and vehicles.
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119 results
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Vehicles: AFVs and HEVs
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AFV Acquisitions by Regulated Fleets (by Fleet Type)
Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) acquisitions by fleet type from 1992 to 2021 Last update October 2022
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AFV Acquisitions by Regulated Fleets (by Fuel Type)
Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) acquisitions by fuel type from 1992 to 2021 Last update November 2022
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AFV and HEV Model Offerings, by Manufacturer
Trend of alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) models by manufacturer, 1991-2022 Last update October 2022
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Annual Vehicle Credits Earned and Used by Regulated Fleets
Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) EPAct credits traded and transactions from 1999 to 2021 Last update October 2022
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Average Range and Efficiency of U.S. All-Electric Vehicles
Provides driving range and efficiency factors of on-road all-electric vehicles in the United States in 2021, based on vehicle registration data Last update April 2023
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Biodiesel Purchases by EPAct-Regulated Fleets
Trend of State and Alternative Fuel Provider Biodiesel Purchases from 2000 to 2021 Last update October 2022
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Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Vehicle Inventory
Alternative fuel vehicle inventory reported by Clean Cities coalitions from 2004 to 2021 Last update March 2023
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Clean Cities Energy Use Impact by Alternative Fuel Vehicle Type
Trend of energy impact by fuels used in alternative fuel vehicles from 2004 to 2021 Last update March 2023
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EPAct State & Alternative Fuel Provider Fleet Exemptions
Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) exemption requests and vehicles exempted from 1997 to 2021 Last update October 2022
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Light-Duty AFV, HEV, and Diesel Model Offerings, by Technology/Fuel
Trend of vehicle models incorporating various advanced technologies or alternative fuels, from 1991 through 2022 Last update January 2023
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Light-Duty AFV Registrations
Breakdown of alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) registrations by fuel type Last update August 2022
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TransAtlas
Interactive map displays light-duty vehicle registration counts over time by state and fuel type
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Transit Buses by Fuel Type
Trend of buses powered by various fuels in the United States, 2007-2019 Last update July 2021
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Types of Vehicles by Weight Class
Chart shows typical vehicle types within the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) vehicle classes Last update June 2012
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U.S. HEV Sales by Model
Trend of sales by hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) model, 1999-2019 Last update January 2020
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U.S. Plug-in Electric Vehicle Sales by Model
Trend of sales by PEV model, 2011-2019 Last update January 2020
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Vehicle Credits Traded by Regulated Fleets
Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) EPAct credits traded and transactions from 1997 to 2021 Last update October 2022
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Vehicle Weight Classes & Categories
Charts illustrate the vehicle weight classes and categories used by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the U.S. Census Bureau, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Last update June 2012
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Vehicles: Fuel Consumption and Efficiency
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Average Annual Fuel Use by Vehicle Type
Comparison of fuel use (per vehicle) among vehicle types Last update February 2020
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Average Annual Vehicle Miles Traveled by Major Vehicle Category
Comparison of miles traveled (per vehicle) among vehicle types Last update February 2020
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Average Fuel Consumption at Increasing Road Grades
Trend of fuel consumption at increasing road grades, for various vehicle types Last update August 2014
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Average Fuel Economy by Major Vehicle Category
Comparison of fuel economy among vehicle types Last update February 2020
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Average Per-Passenger Fuel Economy by Travel Mode
Comparison of per-passenger fuel economy for various modes of transportation Last update October 2022
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Average Range and Efficiency of U.S. All-Electric Vehicles
Provides driving range and efficiency factors of on-road all-electric vehicles in the United States in 2021, based on vehicle registration data Last update April 2023
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Clean Cities Energy Use Impact by VMT Reduction and Fuel Economy
Trend of energy impact by fuel economy improvements and reductions in vehicle miles traveled (VMT) from 2004 to 2021 Last update March 2023
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Energy Losses in Light-Duty Vehicles
Source: FuelEconomy.gov's Where the Energy Goes: Gasoline Vehicles
Notes: Sources of energy losses can be found by downloading the Excel spreadsheet.
In the average light-duty vehicle (LDV), only an average of 19% of the energy released from the fuel is delivered to the wheels and forward motion. The remaining energy is wasted largely through engine inefficiencies, drivetrain friction, and parasitic loads, such as water pumps and alternators. This leaves much opportunity for innovations to improve the efficiency of future LDVs.
To view more details, notes, and acronyms, please download the Excel spreadsheet.
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