Maps and Data - Light-Duty AFV, HEV, and Diesel Model Offerings, by Technology/Fuel
Find maps and charts showing transportation data and trends related to alternative fuels and vehicles.
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119 results
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Vehicles: Fuel Consumption and Efficiency
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Fuel Economy and Consumption of Light-Duty Vehicles
Relationship between fuel economy and lifetime fuel consumption for light-duty vehicles Last update May 2021
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Fuel Economy at Various Driving Speeds
Trend of fuel efficiency at different vehicle speeds, grouped by fuel type Last update May 2021
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Fuel Use by Transportation Mode in 2019
Breakdown of fuel used in the United States by transportation mode, 2019 Last update May 2023
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Power and Fuel Economy of the Average Light-Duty Vehicle
Trend of vehicle horsepower and fuel economy from 1975 to 2023 Last update February 2024
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Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) Requirements by Year
Trend of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) vehicle fuel efficiency standards from 1978 to 2031 Last update October 2024
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Vehicles: Vehicle Market
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AFV and HEV Model Offerings, by Manufacturer
Trend of alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) models by manufacturer, 1991-2024 Last update October 2024
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Efficiency Ratios for Light-Duty All-Electric Vehicles in the United States
Provides efficiency ratios of on-road all-electric vehicles in the United States in 2021, based on vehicle registration data. Last update September 2024
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Light-Duty Vehicles Produced in the United States
Trend in the number and types of light-duty vehicles produced from 1975 to 2022 Last update October 2024
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TransAtlas
Interactive map displays light-duty vehicle registration counts over time by state and fuel type
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Types of Vehicles by Weight Class
Chart shows typical vehicle types within the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) vehicle classes Last update June 2012
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U.S. Vehicles by Transportation Mode
Breakdown of self-propelled vehicles by transportation mode in the United States (2021) Last update January 2024
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Vehicle Weight Classes & Categories
Charts illustrate the vehicle weight classes and categories used by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the U.S. Census Bureau, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Last update June 2012
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Vehicles: Driving Patterns
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Annual Vehicle Miles Traveled in the United States
Trend of vehicle miles traveled from 1970 to 2023 Last update October 2024
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Average Fuel Economy by Major Vehicle Category
Comparison of fuel economy among vehicle types Last update January 2024
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Average Monthly Fluctuation in U.S. Vehicle Miles Traveled
U.S. vehicle miles traveled for each month of the year, averaged from 2010 to 2023 Last update October 2024
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Average Vehicle Trip Length by Purpose (2017)
Comparison of average vehicle trip length by purpose in the United States Last update October 2022
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Means of Transportation to Work
Trend of how people commuted to work in the United States from 1980 to 2019 Last update June 2022
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Share of All U.S. Vehicle Trips by Length (miles)
Breakdown of trip lengths among all vehicle trips Last update January 2024
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Laws & Incentives
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Biodiesel Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of biodiesel
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Electric Vehicle Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to electric vehicles
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Ethanol Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of ethanol
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Fuel Taxes by Country
Comparison of gasoline and diesel taxes in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries Last update March 2019
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Hydrogen Laws and Incentives by State
Displays states and their respective law and incentive counts related to the use of hydrogen
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Incentive Additions by Policy Type
Trend of state law and incentive enactments listed by incentive type from 2002 to 2023 Last update April 2024
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Law and Incentive Additions by Fuel/Technology Type
Trend of state law and incentive enactments, listed by the targeted technology or fuel type, from 2002 to 2023 Last update June 2024
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Light-Duty AFV, HEV, and Diesel Model Offerings, by Technology/Fuel
| 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
| Ethanol (E85) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 8 | 11 | 16 | 22 | 19 | 24 | 22 | 31 | 31 | 36 | 34 | 72 | 62 | 84 | 90 | 84 | 66 | 45 | 53 | 40 | 25 | 14 | 17 | 10 | 5 |
| CNG (Dedicated and Bi-Fuel) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 12 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 16 | 16 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 11 | 19 | 17 | 12 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Diesel | 17 | 14 | 5 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 17 | 22 | 35 | 39 | 29 | 21 | 38 | 30 | 20 | 25 | 22 | 22 | 20 |
| Electricity | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 8 | 16 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 15 | 16 | 27 | 29 | 51 | 57 | 72 | 83 | 95 | 132 | 116 | 149 |
| Hybrid Electric | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 11 | 16 | 19 | 20 | 29 | 31 | 38 | 43 | 46 | 31 | 44 | 43 | 64 | 81 | 127 | 149 | 127 | 143 |
| Propane (Dedicated and Bi-Fuel) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 14 | 10 | 5 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hydrogen | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Methanol (M85) | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Source: Alternative Fuels Data Center (all years for AFVs); FuelEconomy.gov (all years for diesels, count all models and transmission types)
Notes: “Electricity" includes both all-electric vehicles and PHEVs but does not include neighborhood electric vehicles, low-speed electric vehicles, or two-wheeled electric vehicles. Only full-sized vehicles sold in the United States and capable of 60 mph are listed.
This chart shows the number of light-duty alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and diesel models offered by vehicle manufacturers from 1991 through 2024. Vehicles capable of using E85 (up to 85% ethanol, 15% gasoline) represented the largest share of models offered from 2003 until 2017, when electric vehicles (EVs, which include both all-electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles [PHEVs]) overtook them. This was largely because the technology required for E85 vehicles is comparatively inexpensive and compatible with gasoline vehicles. 2016 saw the first quantitative decrease in the number of new AFVs offered after 5 years of steady increases. Contributing factors to this decrease could be low gasoline prices, the Volkswagen diesel emissions scandal, and the phase-out of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) credits for flexible-fuel vehicles (FFVs). Since then, increases in EV offerings have made up for and surpassed the loss in E85 offerings. AFVs increased year over year from 2016 until 2023, where it followed the overall decrease in all vehicle model offerings after the COVID pandemic saw record high demand for vehicles until 2022.
To view more details, notes, and acronyms, please download the Excel spreadsheet.
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