Maps and Data - Power and Fuel Economy of the Average Light-Duty Vehicle
Find maps and charts showing transportation data and trends related to alternative fuels and vehicles.
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Vehicles: Fuel Consumption and Efficiency
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Clean Cities Energy Use Impact through Idle Reduction
Trend of energy impact by idle reduction policies and technologies from 2004 to 2020 Last update January 2022
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Composition of New U.S. Light-Duty Vehicles by Vehicle Type
Trend showing shift in popularity of trucks versus cars by year Last update September 2022
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Energy Expenditures by Sector
Trend of U.S. transportation and residential energy expenditures, per capita, from 1970 to 2020 Last update September 2022
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Energy Losses in Light-Duty Vehicles
Breakdown of energy lost to various factors in light-duty vehicles Last update July 2021
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Fuel Economy and Consumption of Light-Duty Vehicles
Relationship between fuel economy and lifetime fuel consumption for light-duty vehicles Last update May 2021
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Fuel Economy at Various Driving Speeds
Trend of fuel efficiency at different vehicle speeds, grouped by fuel type Last update May 2021
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Fuel Use by Transportation Mode in 2018
Breakdown of fuel used in the United States by transportation mode, 2018 Last update May 2021
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Power and Fuel Economy of the Average Light-Duty Vehicle
Trend of vehicle horsepower and fuel economy from 1975 to 2021 Last update September 2022
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Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) Requirements by Year
Trend of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) vehicle fuel efficiency standards from 1978 to 2025 Last update September 2013
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Vehicles: Vehicle Market
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AFV and HEV Model Offerings, by Manufacturer
Trend of alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) models produced by manufacturers, 1991-2021 Last update July 2021
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Average Range and Efficiency of U.S. Electric Vehicles
Provides driving range and efficiency factors of on-road electric vehicles in the United States in 2020, based on vehicle registration data Last update November 2021
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Light-Duty Vehicles Produced in the United States
Trend in the number and types of light-duty vehicles produced from 1975 to 2019 Last update July 2021
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TransAtlas
Interactive map displays light-duty vehicle registration counts over time by state and fuel type
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Types of Vehicles by Weight Class
Chart shows typical vehicle types within the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) vehicle classes Last update June 2012
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U.S. Vehicles by Transportation Mode
Breakdown of self-propelled vehicles by transportation mode in the United States (2019) Last update December 2021
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Vehicle Weight Classes & Categories
Charts illustrate the vehicle weight classes and categories used by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the U.S. Census Bureau, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Last update June 2012
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Vehicles: Driving Patterns
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Annual Vehicle Miles Traveled in the United States
Trend of vehicle miles traveled from 1970 to 2022 Last update June 2022
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Average Fuel Economy by Major Vehicle Category
Comparison of fuel economy among vehicle types Last update February 2020
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Average Vehicle Trip Length by Purpose (2017)
Comparison of average vehicle trip length by purpose in the United States Last update October 2022
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Means of Transportation to Work
Trend of how people commuted to work in the United States from 1980 to 2019 Last update June 2022
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Monthly Fluctuation in U.S. Vehicle Miles Traveled
U.S. vehicle miles traveled for each month of the year, averaged from 2010 to 2020 Last update June 2021
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Share of All U.S. Vehicle Trips by Length (miles)
Breakdown of trip lengths among all vehicle trips Last update July 2022
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Fuels & Infrastructure: Fuel Trends
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Average Annual Retail Fuel Price of Gasoline
Trend of gasoline prices, actual and inflation-adjusted, from 1950 to 2021 Last update June 2022
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Average Renewable Diesel and Diesel Fuel Prices in California
Trend of renewable diesel and diesel motor fuel prices in California from 2017 to 2022 Last update January 2023
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Average Retail Fuel Prices in the United States
Trend of alternative and traditional motor fuel prices from 2000 to 2022 Last update January 2023
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Power and Fuel Economy of the Average Light-Duty Vehicle
| 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
| Avg. Fuel Economy (mpg) | 13.1 | 14.2 | 15.1 | 15.8 | 15.9 | 19.2 | 20.5 | 21.1 | 21 | 21 | 21.3 | 21.8 | 22 | 21.9 | 21.4 | 21.2 | 21.2 | 20.8 | 20.9 | 20.4 | 20.5 | 20.4 | 20.1 | 20.1 | 19.7 | 19.8 | 19.6 | 19.4 | 19.6 | 19.3 | 19.9 | 20.1 | 20.6 | 21 | 22.4 | 22.6 | 22.4 | 23.6 | 24.2 | 24.1 | 24.6 | 24.7 | 24.9 | 25.1 | 24.9 | 25.4 | 25.3 |
| Avg. Peak Horsepower | 137 | 135 | 136 | 129 | 124 | 104 | 102 | 103 | 107 | 109 | 114 | 114 | 118 | 123 | 129 | 135 | 138 | 145 | 147 | 152 | 158 | 164 | 169 | 171 | 179 | 181 | 187 | 195 | 199 | 211 | 209 | 213 | 217 | 219 | 208 | 214 | 230 | 222 | 226 | 230 | 229 | 230 | 234 | 241 | 245 | 246 | 252 |
Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Automotive Trends Report (2021), Table 3.1
Notes: 2021 values are preliminary.
This chart shows trends in horsepower and fuel economy in light-duty vehicles from 1975 to 2021. Advances in vehicle technologies can generally be used to increase either horsepower or fuel economy. Horsepower steadily increased from 1980 through 2021, with exceptions in the years 2009 and 2010, likely from reduced production of larger sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and trucks during the economic recession. Fuel efficiency declined from the late 1980s through the mid-2000s, partly from the rise in popularity of light-duty trucks (including pickups, SUVs, and vans) as compared to passenger vehicles. Since 2004, average fuel economy has been increasing largely as a result of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. See also Composition of New U.S. Light-Duty Vehicles by Vehicle Type.
To view more details, notes, and acronyms, please download the Excel spreadsheet.
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