Maps and Data - Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) Requirements by Year
Find maps and charts showing transportation data and trends related to alternative fuels and vehicles.
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119 results
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Fuels & Infrastructure: Alternative Fueling Stations
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U.S. Private Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Trend of private electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the United States from 2007 to 2023 Last update March 2024
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U.S. Public and Private Alternative Fueling Stations by Fuel Type
Trend of alternative fueling station counts by fuel type in the United States from 1992 to 2023 Last update May 2024
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U.S. Public and Private Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Trend of public and private electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the United States from 2011 to 2023 Last update March 2024
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U.S. Public Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Trend of public electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the United States from 2007 to 2023 Last update March 2024
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Fuels & Infrastructure: Idle Reduction
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Clean Cities and Communities Energy Use Impact through Idle Reduction
Trend of energy impact by idle reduction policies and technologies from 2004 to 2022 Last update February 2024
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Fuels & Infrastructure: Transportation Infrastructure
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Miles of U.S. Transportation Infrastructure in 2021
Distance covered by different types of transportation infrastructure in 2021 Last update January 2024
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Fuels & Infrastructure: Biofuels Production
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Global Ethanol Production by Country or Region
Quantity of ethanol produced by country/region from 2007 to 2022 Last update January 2024
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Legislated Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) Volume Requirements
Displays the yearly RFS volume requirements for each renewable fuel category Last update January 2024
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Renewable Fuel RFS2 Mandates and Net RINs Generated
Displays yearly Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) mandates from Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) volume requirements, and net Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) generated Last update April 2024
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RFS2 Mandates and Net RINs Generated for Cellulosic Biofuels
Displays yearly Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) mandates from Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) volume requirements, and net Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) generated Last update April 2024
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Total Advanced Biofuel RFS2 Mandates and Net RINs Generated
Displays yearly Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) mandates from Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) volume requirements, and net Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) generated Last update April 2024
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Total RFS2 Mandates and Net RINs Generated
Displays yearly Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) mandates from Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) volume requirements, and net Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) generated Last update April 2024
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U.S. Biodiesel Production, Exports, and Consumption
Trend of biodiesel production, exports, and consumption from 2001 to 2023 Last update April 2024
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U.S. Corn Production and Portion Used for Fuel Ethanol
Trend of corn produced in the United States and quantity used for ethanol from 1986 to 2023 Last update January 2024
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U.S. Corn Use by Market Year
Annual usage of the U.S. corn crop according to end product or destination Last update January 2024
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U.S. Ethanol Plants, Capacity, and Production
Trend of ethanol plant counts and production volumes from 1999 to 2022 Last update April 2024
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U.S. Production, Consumption, and Trade of Ethanol
Trend of total ethanol fuel production and consumption from 2000 to 2023 Last update October 2024
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U.S. Soybean and Corn Prices
Trend of soybean and corn prices, adjusted for inflation, from 2002 to 2023 Last update May 2024
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Vehicles
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Efficiency Ratios for Light-Duty All-Electric Vehicles in the United States
Provides efficiency ratios of on-road all-electric vehicles in the United States in 2021, based on vehicle registration data. Last update September 2024
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Electric Vehicle Registrations by State
U.S. light-duty electric vehicle population as of December 2023 Last update September 2024
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TransAtlas
Interactive map displays light-duty vehicle registration counts over time by state and fuel type
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Vehicles: AFVs and HEVs
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AFV Acquisitions by Regulated Fleets (by Fleet Type)
Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) acquisitions by fleet type from 1992 to 2023 Last update June 2024
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AFV Acquisitions by Regulated Fleets (by Fuel Type)
Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) acquisitions by fuel type from 1992 to 2023 Last update June 2024
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AFV and HEV Model Offerings, by Manufacturer
Trend of alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) models by manufacturer, 1991-2024 Last update October 2024
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Annual Vehicle Credits Earned and Used by Regulated Fleets
Trend of State & Alternative Fuel Provider (S&FP) EPAct credits traded and transactions from 1999 to 2023 Last update May 2024
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Vehicle Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) Requirements by Year
| 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 | 2031 | |
| Passenger Cars | 18 | 19 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 26 | 27 | 27.5 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 30.4 | 33.3 | 34.2 | 34.9 | 36.2 | 37.8 | 39.1 | 40.5 | 42 | 43.7 | 43.7 | 43.7 | 43.7 | 49.2 | 53.4 | 59.4 | 60 | 61.2 | 62.5 | 63.7 | 65.1 |
| Light-Duty Trucks | 17.5 | 19 | 20 | 19.5 | 20 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 20 | 20.2 | 20.2 | 20.4 | 20.5 | 20.6 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 21 | 21.6 | 22.2 | 22.5 | 23.1 | 23.5 | 24.4 | 25.4 | 26 | 26.6 | 27.5 | 28.8 | 29.5 | 30.1 | 30.6 | 31.3 | 31.3 | 31.3 | 31.3 | 35.1 | 38.2 | 42.4 | 42.6 | 42.6 | 43.5 | 44.3 | 45.2 |
Source:
CAFE Standards 1978-2010: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Summary of Fuel Economy Performance
CAFE Standards 2011-2016: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency CAFE 2012-2016 Final Rule
CAFE Standards 2017-2025: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency CAFE 2017-2025 Final Rule
Notes: CAFE standards represent regulatory targets for original equipment manufacturers and do not represent expected window sticker fuel economies, which adjust regulatory test results down. NHTSA notes that real-world fuel economy is generally 20%-30% lower than the estimated required CAFE level stated above. CAFE standards for light-duty trucks were not introduced until 1982. Passenger cars and light-duty trucks are defined in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 49 part 523. Each of these definitions has two separate "footprint" classifications that are based on the vehicle's size and are used to determine CAFE requirements for a particular vehicle. For more information on NHTSA CAFÉ requirements, visit nhtsa.gov/laws-regulations/corporate-average-fuel-economy.
Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards were put in place after the 1974 and 1980 oil price shocks. Cheap oil throughout the 1980s and 1990s reduced the pressure for CAFE to be used as a tool to reduce petroleum use. The oil price shock of 2008 renewed interest in CAFE, leading to regular updates through 2031. NHTSA developed the CAFE model to set requirements based on technological feasibility, economic practicability, the effect of other government motor vehicle standards on fuel economy, and the need for energy conservation. It is important to note that the CAFÉ model must be used to determine the requirements for an Original Equipment Manufacturer’s (OEM) vehicle fleet. The CAFE requirements used for this chart are the estimated averages of CAFE levels (in miles per gallon) required under the Final Rule.
To view more details, notes, and acronyms, please download the Excel spreadsheet.
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